03 February - Rourkela Steel Plant, Odisha plant inaugurated in 1959

 

03 February 1959 – Rourkela Steel Plant, Odisha

Date: 03 February 1959
Place: Rourkela, Odisha (then Orissa), India
Inaugurated by: Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru
Ownership: Government of India (Public Sector)
Technical Collaboration: Federal Republic of West Germany
Five-Year Plan: Second Five-Year Plan (1956–1961)

Background

After Independence, India prioritised heavy industry as the backbone of economic self-reliance. Steel was identified as a strategic sector essential for infrastructure, defence, railways, and manufacturing. The Rourkela Steel Plant was conceived as part of this national vision, alongside Bhilai and Durgapur, to create a strong indigenous steel base.

Rourkela was chosen due to its proximity to raw materials such as iron ore, coal, limestone, and water resources from the Brahmani river system.

Inauguration & Vision

On 03 February 1959, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru inaugurated the plant, describing large industrial projects as the “temples of modern India.” The inauguration symbolised India’s transition from a colonial economy to a modern industrial nation.

At the time, it was among the largest industrial complexes in Asia.

Technical & Industrial Importance

• First integrated steel plant in the public sector

• Introduced modern steel-making technology with German expertise

• Initial capacity of about 1 million tonnes per annum, later expanded multiple times

• Played a key role in producing:

  • Rails and structural steel

  • Plates and sheets for infrastructure and defence

  • Steel for dams, bridges, and power projects

Socio-Economic Impact

• Led to the development of Rourkela city as a major industrial and urban centre

• Generated large-scale employment

• Stimulated ancillary industries, education, healthcare, and transport in western Odisha

• Became a model for public-sector-led regional development

 

02 February - Prithvi Missile Test 2002

 

Prithvi Missile Test – 02 February 2002

• Date: 02 February 2002

• Country: India

• Test Location: Integrated Test Range (ITR), Chandipur, Odisha

• Missile Type: Surface-to-surface ballistic missile

• Programme: Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP)

• Developer: Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)

Details & Significance:
On 02 February 2002, India successfully carried out test launches of the Prithvi missile, an indigenously developed short-range ballistic missile capable of carrying conventional and strategic payloads. The test validated the missile’s guidance system, accuracy, and operational readiness. It reinforced India’s growing indigenous defence capability and strengthened its strategic deterrence, marking continued progress in missile technology and national security preparedness.

01 February - The International Airports Authority of India (IAAI) was established in 1972

 

The International Airports Authority of India (IAAI) was established on 01 February 1972 to oversee the management, development, and modernization of India's international airports. It was created to enhance the efficiency of airport operations, improve infrastructure, and ensure better international connectivity.

Before the establishment of IAAI, India's airports were managed under various regional and government authorities without a centralized system. The formation of IAAI helped streamline airport administration, upgrade facilities, and implement global aviation standards.

In 1995, the IAAI merged with the National Airports Authority (NAA) to form the Airports Authority of India (AAI), which now manages both international and domestic airports across the country. This unification aimed to improve coordination, resource utilization, and overall airport infrastructure development in India.

01 February - ONGC became a public limited company in 1944

 

On 01 February 1994  the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) transitioned from a government-owned corporation to a public limited company, a move that significantly reshaped India's energy sector. This transformation allowed ONGC to access capital markets, attract private investments, and operate with greater financial autonomy while remaining under government control. As a public limited company, ONGC was able to expand its operations, modernize its infrastructure, and enhance corporate governance. The shift also facilitated its listing on stock exchanges, providing an opportunity for investors to participate in its growth. Despite this structural change, ONGC continued to play a vital role in India's oil and gas exploration and production, reinforcing its position as the country’s premier energy company.

31 January - Bishnu Prasad Rabha birth anniversary

 

Bishnu Prasad Rabha (31 January 1909 – 20 June 1969) was a distinguished freedom fighter, revolutionary, artist, writer, and cultural icon of Assam, revered as "Kalaguru" for his immense contributions to Assamese art and literature. A staunch nationalist, he actively participated in India’s freedom struggle and later aligned with leftist movements, advocating for the rights of the underprivileged. His creative genius spanned multiple disciplines, including poetry, music, painting, and theater, all of which he used as a medium for social reform and political awareness. Rabha’s works reflected themes of equality, justice, and revolution, making him a powerful voice against oppression. Despite facing political persecution and periods of underground resistance due to his communist affiliations, he remained committed to his vision of a classless society. His contributions continue to inspire generations, and Bishnu Rabha Divas is observed on 20 June every year in Assam to honor his legacy.

30 January - National Big Wig Day

 

National Big Wig Day is observed annually on the last Friday of January as a fun and charitable event encouraging people to don extravagant wigs and embrace a lighthearted spirit. The day was created to promote positivity, humor, and philanthropy, often involving fundraising efforts for cancer research and other charitable causes.

The term "Big Wig" traditionally refers to influential or important individuals, but on this day, everyone is invited to be a "big wig" by wearing bold and outrageous wigs while contributing to a good cause. Many workplaces, schools, and organizations participate by hosting wig-themed events and donation drives to support cancer patients, especially those undergoing chemotherapy.

The celebration embodies the idea that everyone has the power to make a big difference, regardless of their status or influence, reinforcing the importance of generosity and community support.

30 January - World Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) Day

 

World Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) Day is observed annually on 30 January to raise awareness and mobilize action to combat neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), which affect over a billion people worldwide, primarily in impoverished and marginalized communities. Established in 2020, the day highlights the urgent need for global efforts to eliminate these preventable and treatable diseases, which include dengue, leprosy, chikungunya, lymphatic filariasis, and trachoma, among others.

NTDs cause severe disability, stigma, and economic hardship, yet they receive limited attention and resources compared to other global health issues. The observance of this day promotes collaboration among governments, health organizations, and communities to improve treatment access, strengthen healthcare systems, and foster innovation in research. The World Health Organization (WHO) and partners work toward the goal of eliminating at least one NTD in 100 countries by 2030, aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

29 January - National Puzzle Day

 

National Puzzle Day, celebrated annually on 29 January is a day dedicated to the love of puzzles and their numerous benefits. From jigsaw puzzles and crosswords to Sudoku, word searches, and brain teasers, puzzles have long been cherished as both a source of entertainment and a tool for cognitive development. Engaging in puzzles helps improve memory, problem-solving skills, critical thinking, and even patience. They offer a great way to challenge the brain, reduce stress, and enhance focus, making them a favorite activity for people of all ages.

The origins of National Puzzle Day are often attributed to puzzle enthusiast Jodi Jill, who promoted the celebration to encourage learning through fun, engaging activities. Over time, the day has gained widespread recognition, with schools, libraries, and puzzle enthusiasts worldwide taking part in various events. Many people observe the day by solving puzzles with friends and family, participating in puzzle competitions, or even creating their own puzzles. Whether you prefer classic crosswords in newspapers or digital brain games, National Puzzle Day is the perfect occasion to exercise your mind while having fun.

27 January - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart birth anniversary

 

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791) was an Austrian composer and one of the most influential figures in Western classical music. Born in Salzburg on 27 January 1756, he was a child prodigy who began composing at the age of five and performed before European royalty. His father, Leopold Mozart, was a musician and played a significant role in his early training.

Mozart's works span various musical genres, including symphonies, operas, chamber music, and choral compositions. Some of his most famous pieces include "Eine kleine Nachtmusik," "The Magic Flute," "Don Giovanni," "The Marriage of Figaro," and "Requiem" (which he left unfinished at his death). His compositions are celebrated for their clarity, balance, and emotional depth, making him a key figure of the Classical era.

Despite his immense talent and success, Mozart faced financial struggles and died at the young age of 35, on 05 December 1791, in Vienna. He was buried in an unmarked grave, as was customary for the time. His legacy, however, remains unparalleled, and his music continues to be performed and admired worldwide.

27 January - First Sighting of Antarctica in 1820

 

The first confirmed sighting of Antarctica occurred on January 27, 1820, during a Russian naval expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev. Commanding the ships Vostok and Mirny, the explorers were on a mission to chart the southern oceans and investigate the existence of a hypothesized southern landmass. While navigating icy waters, they reached the edge of what is now known as the Fimbul Ice Shelf, a portion of the Antarctic mainland. Bellingshausen documented the encounter, noting the icy expanse and mountainous terrain in his logbooks. This historic sighting marked the first recorded human contact with the Antarctic continent, though the explorers did not set foot on land. The discovery occurred amidst growing interest in polar exploration during the early 19th century and laid the foundation for future expeditions that would reveal the mysteries of this remote and uninhabited region.