Dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen release from boreal Holocene permafrost and seasonally frozen soils of Alaska
Permafrost (perennially frozen) and active-layer (seasonally thawed) soils varying in soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content and radiocarbon age were collected from three sites in interior Alaska to determine potential release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved N (TDN), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) upon thaw. Soil cores were cut into 15 cm thick sections, and deep active-layer (15-30 cm above the permafrost boundary) and shallow permafrost (15-30 cm below the permafrost boundary) sections were thawed and leached with deionized water. Soil leachates were analyzed for DOC, TDN, nitrate (NO3-), and ammonium (NH4+) concentrations, dissolved organic matter optical properties, and DOC biodegradability. Soils were analyzed for moisture content, bulk density, C, N, and radiocarbon content. Releases of dissolved carbon and nitrogen from soils are expressed as yields, with the units of milligrams (DOC, TDN, DIN, DON) per gram dry soil.
Wind rose plots for the volcano: 371040 Brennisteinsfjoll
This zip folder contains ASCII text files of vectors at the specified volcano at 12-hour intervals, from January 1, 1990 through December 28, 2009. The wind vectors are divided into five files, names by their elevation range above sea level in the atmosphere: 00-05km.txt; 05-11km.txt; 11-16km.txt; 16-24km.txt; and 24-30km.txt. The zip folder also contains a subfolder "figures", with Wind rose plots of wind direction and speed over this time period. The plots are by season, and by elevation, given a total of 20 plots (4 seasons, 5 elevation ranges). A summary plot is also included which gives the year-round wind pattern at the volcano, at 0-5 km elevation. Plots are in both jpg and pdf format.
Data for analysis of open removal models with temporary emigration and population dynamics to inform invasive animal management
This data release includes the data and computer code that we produced to fit two open-robust design removal models developed to simultaneously model population dynamics, temporary emigration, and imperfect detection: a random walk linear trend model (estimable without ancillary information), and a 2-age class integrated population model (IPM) that used prior information for age-structured vital rates and relative juvenile availability. To evaluate the effectiveness of management programs, we applied both models to a multi-year, removal trapping time-series data set of a large invasive lizard (Argentine black and white tegu, Salvator merianae) in three management areas of South Florida collected from 2016-1018. The data from these 3 sites as well as the code to run the models in program R are included.
Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) 2015 Site 0599 Land-Water Classification Data
Wetland restoration efforts conducted by the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) in Louisiana rely on monitoring efforts to determine the efficacy of these efforts. The Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) was developed to assist in a multiple-reference approach that uses aspects of hydrogeomorphic functional assessments and probabilistic sampling for monitoring. The CRMS program includes a suite of approximately 390 sites that encompass the range of hydrological and ecological conditions for each stratum. As part of CRMS, land and water classifications are created from Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangles (DOQQs) approximately every three years at all CRMS sites. A DOQQ is a raster image in which displacement in the image caused by sensor orientation and terrain relief has been removed and combines the image characteristics of a photo with geometric qualities of a map. The DOQQs generated for this project consist of 2015 Color Infrared (CIR) Digital Imagery. These images were classified into land and water categories using a threshold of the near infrared (NIR) band, followed by supervised and unsupervised classification. Initial classification results are then reviewed by multiple image analysts to identify and manually recode errors. The final land-water classifications are intended to serve as both geographic and quantitative assessments of landscape composition on the date of acquisition. Three previous assessments have been conducted (2005, 2008, and 2012). Once the program creates enough data points for statistical analyses, these data will be used for land area change rate calculation.
Species distribution model (SDM) for Ericameria cooperi in the Mojave Desert
Preserving native species diversity is fundamental to ecosystem conservation. Selecting appropriate native species for use in restoration is a critical component of project design and may emphasize species attributes such as life history, functional type, pollinator services, and nutritional value for wildlife. Determining which species are likely to establish and persist in a particular environment is a key consideration. Species distribution models (SDMs) characterize relationships between species occurrences and the physical environment (e.g., climate, soil, topographic relief) and provide a mechanism for assessing which species may successfully propagate at a restoration site. In conjunction with information on species attributes, SDMs facilitate holistic ecosystem restoration by enabling practitioners to identify diverse, resilient assemblages of native species. This project develops SDMs for native species of fundamental ecosystem importance in order to guide restoration of Mojave Desert landscapes. The dataset contained herein provides an SDM for Ericameria cooperi within its Mojave Desert range based on known occurrences.
Computed Tomography (CT) scans of vibracores from Searsville Lake, Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve, Stanford, California
This portion of the data release presents computed tomography (CT) images from vibracores collected from Searsville Lake, Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve, Stanford, California in October 2018 (USGS Field Activity 2018-682-FA). A Geotek Rotating X-Ray CT (RXCT) system was used to acquire x-ray images and perform CT reconstructions of unsplit core segments. The full three-dimensional data set consists of individual axial slices which are reconstructed images in TIFF format. These axial slices are oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the core. Two-dimensional orthogonal views are also provided that illustrate representative downcore slabs of each core. Geotek software-proprietary XML files are provided in each folder containing axial slices and orthogonal views, containing more image-scaling and information on x-ray system settings and reconstruction parameters.
CoSMoS (Coastal Storm Modeling System) Central California v3.1 wave-hazard projections: 1-year storm in San Mateo County
This data contains maximum model-derived significant wave height (in meters) for the sea-level rise (SLR) and storm condition indicated. The Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) makes detailed predictions (meter-scale) over large geographic scales (100s of kilometers) of storm-induced coastal flooding and erosion for both current and future sea-level rise (SLR) scenarios. Projections for CoSMoS v3.1 in Central California include flood-hazard information for the coast from Pt. Conception to the Golden Gate. Outputs include SLR scenarios of 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 5.0 meters; storm scenarios include background conditions (astronomic spring tide and average atmospheric conditions) and simulated 1-year/20-year/100-year return interval coastal storms. Methods and processes used in Central California are replicated from and described in O'Neill and others (2018).Please read metadata and inspect output carefully. Data are complete for the information presented.
Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) 2005, 2008, 2012, and 2016 Site 3166 land-water matrix
Wetland restoration efforts conducted by the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) in Louisiana rely on monitoring efforts to determine the efficacy of these efforts. The Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) was developed to assist in a multiple-reference approach that uses aspects of hydrogeomorphic functional assessments and probabilistic sampling for monitoring. The CRMS program includes a suite of approximately 390 sites that encompass the range of hydrological and ecological conditions for each stratum. As part of CRMS, land and water classifications are created from Wetland restoration efforts conducted by the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) in Louisiana rely on monitoring efforts to determine the efficacy of these efforts. The Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) was developed to assist in a multiple-reference approach that uses aspects of hydrogeomorphic functional assessments and probabilistic sampling for monitoring. The CRMS program includes a suite of approximately 390 sites that encompass the range of hydrological and ecological conditions for each stratum. As part of CRMS, land and water classifications are created from Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangles (DOQQs) approximately every three years at all CRMS sites. This dataset consists of a matrix of four land-water products (2005, 2008, 2012, and 2016). The resulting matrix has 16 possible classes defined by the combination of land and water categories on those four dates.
Digital Orthorectified Aerial Image of Cottonwood Lake Study Area Wetland T5 from 1976
Orthorectified image from aerial photograph of wetland T5 in the Cottonwood Lake Study Area, Stutsman County, North Dakota. This image is part of a collection of photographs of the study area acquired during July and early August from 1975 to 2015.
Plumeria Simulations of 20 December 2020 Kīlauea Volcano Eruption Plume
This data release contains results of model simulations of a plume at Kilauea volcano that occurred on 20 December 2020. The ash-poor plume was produced when lava flowed into a water lake at the summit of Kilauea volcano. Simulations were conducted to constrain the conditions under which the plume rose to its observed height. The analysis and results are described in the accompanying paper: Cahalan RC, Mastin L, Van Eaton A, Hurwitz S, Smith AB, Dufek J, Solovitz SA, Patrick M, Schmith J, Parcheta C, Thelen W, Downs DT (2023 (in press)) Dynamics of the December 2020 ash-poor plume formed by lava-water interaction at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.
Data from the Assessment, Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Tracking and Implementation System (ATTAINS) for evaluating multiple stressors affecting Chesapeake Bay watershed rivers and streams
This data set compiles regulatory information about river and stream impairments within the Chesapeake Bay watershed as part of a Chesapeake Bay watershed multi-stressor meta-analysis project. Data are contained in a single combined and name-harmonized dataset originating from a snapshot of the Environmental Protection Agency's Assessment and Total Maximum Daily Load Tracking and Implementation System (ATTAINS) obtained in Spring of 2020. These data were clipped to only waterbodies contained in the Chesapeake Bay watershed and were designated to be free-flowing (e.g., rivers and streams). This compiled dataset contains information on a waterbody's designated uses, parameter impairments, and potential sources of that impairment. Be aware, as data on potential sources were joined to parameter impairments in a "one-parameter to many-sources" format, individual impairments might have multiple rows in this dataset, with one row for each potential source. Use of this dataset to evaluate only unique parameter impairments necessitates retaining only unique parameter and assessment unit information.
Movement and tag evaluation of two prairie fishes in Oklahoma, USA, October-June (2018-2020)
The first portion of this dataset provides the survival, retention, and growth of Emerald Shiner Notropis atherinoides (EMS) tagged with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and Arkansas River Shiner Notropis girardi (ARS) tagged with visible implant elastomer (VIE), PIT, and micro transponder p-Chip tags. Experiments were undertaken in the laboratory at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA July 2018-March 2020. Emerald Shiner was initially tagged as a surrogate for Arkansas River Shiner to reduce the usage of this federally threatened species; however, we suspected that Emerald Shiner was not a suitable surrogate for Arkansas River Shiner due to low recaptures in the first field season. Thus, Arkansas River Shiner tagging was conducted. The EMS experiment examined the survival, retention, and growth of Emerald Shiner tagged with PIT tags over 90 days. ARS experiment 1 examined the survival, retention, and growth of Arkansas River Shiner tagged with VIE and PIT tags over 120 days. ARS experiment 1 also examined the effects of anesthesia (tricaine methanesulfonate) use. ARS experiment 2 examined the survival and retention of PIT tagged Arkansas River Shiner with anesthesia and a reduced handling time (i.e., no weighing). ARS experiment 3 examined the survival and retention of micro transponder p-Chip tagged Arkansas River Shiner with anesthesia and a reduced handling time (i.e., no weighing). Four VIE tagging locations were examined in ARS experiment 1: 1) anterior to the dorsal fin (nape), 2) laterally adjacent to the dorsal fin (dorsal), 3) posterior to the dorsal fin (rear dorsal), and 4) on the caudal peduncle (caudal). All PIT tags were 8 X 1.4 mm full duplex (FDX) PIT tags (Oregon RFID, Portland, OR, USA) and were inserted into the peritoneum just posterior to the left pelvic fin. P-Chips were injected subcutaneously left of the base of the dorsal fin using a 0.8 mm diameter injection needle. The second portion of this dataset field tagging and recapture information used to examine the movement patterns of Arkansas River Shiner Notropis girardi and Emerald Shiner Notropis atherinoides. Fish were tagged and recaptured from October 2018 to June 2020 over two field seasons. Tagged fish were collected using seine netting at seven locations in the first field season and four locations in the second field season. Once captured, all fish were anesthetized using buffered tricaine methanesulfonate before measuring and tagging. Over the first field season (2018-2019), all fish were tagged with two visible implant elastomer (VIE) tags. Arkansas River Shiner ≥ 50 mm total length were also tagged with a passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag, with the exception of one fish 49.16 that was mistakenly PIT tagged. Over the second field season (2019-2020), all fish were tagged with a micro transponder p-Chip. We recaptured fish using a random sampling strategy, where seine net transects were placed 10-m apart, perpendicular to stream flow. Within each 100-m section of the site, we randomly selected 8 of the 10 transects to seine on each sampling event. We conducted seine hauls 10-m apart along each selected transect. The initial sampling location on each transect was chosen using a random number between 1 and 10 where each number represented the initial sampling location (meters) from the access. Each seine haul thereafter was 10-m from each other to ensure we were not chasing fish to different locations. Each fish was carefully checked for tags. Four VIE tagging locations were used to create a unique tagging code for each 100-m section of each site: 1) anterior to the dorsal fin (nape), 2) laterally adjacent to the dorsal fin (dorsal), 3) posterior to the dorsal fin (rear dorsal), and 4) on the caudal peduncle (caudal). Four easy to distinguish VIE tag colors (yellow, orange, red, and blue) were used to create the tagging code. All PIT tags were 8 X 1.4 mm full duplex (FDX) PIT tags (Oregon RFID, Portland, OR, USA) and were inserted into the peritoneum just posterior to the left pelvic fin. P-Chips were injected subcutaneously left of the base of the dorsal fin using a 0.8 mm diameter injection needle.
Optical and sediment measurements collected from the Blue River and Colorado River, near Kremmling, Colorado, October 17, 2018
To support an investigation of the feasibility of measuring river bathymetry using remotely sensed data acquired from a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS), remotely sensed bathymetry and field measurements were collected from two cross-sections on the Blue River and two cross-sections on the Colorado River near Kremmling, CO on October 17-18, 2018. The data in this release include optical measurements using the following sensors: WET Labs ECO, WET Labs ac-s, and LISST 100x. The WET Labs ECO provides measurements of turbidity and chlorophyll and colored dissolved organic matter concentration. The WET Labs ac-s provides information of the absorption and attenuation coefficients of the water sampled across a range of wavelengths. The LISST 100x provides information on the mean grain size of sediment in suspension and the concentration of suspended sediment.
Geochemical data including mercury for subsamples of deep cores from the Cache Creek Settling Basin, Yolo County, California
Sediment cores were collected in the Cache Creek Settling Basin (CCSB), Yolo County, California, during October 2011 at 10 locations (borehole sites) and during August 2012 at 5 other locations. Total core depths ranged from approximately 4.6 to 13.7 meters (15 to 45 feet), with penetration to about 9.1 meters (30 feet) at most locations. Detailed subsampling (3-centimeter intervals) was done at total of seven locations: six along an east-west transect in the southern part of the Cache Creek Settling Basin and at one in the northern part of the basin for analyses of total mercury; organic content; and cesium-137, which was used for dating. This data release reports results of the analyses of each subsample of these sediment cores, including associated quality-assurance and quality-control data.
The frequency of extreme rainfall intensities over a 24-hour duration
These GIS grids were produced from NOAA and NRCC precipitation frequency estimates for North America based on precipitation data collected from 1816 to 2014. The grids provide information for durations from 24-hour and for recurrence periods of 2 year through 500 years. Grid value units are inches * 1000.
Airborne geophysical survey: Walla Walla, Washington
Aeromagnetic data were collected along flight lines by instruments in an aircraft that recorded magnetic-field values and locations. This dataset presents latitude, longitude, altitude, and magnetic-field values.
PRISM Yearly Mean Air Temperature and Precipitation for Select Counties in New Mexico and Texas, 1981 - 2019.
Monthly PRISM datasets covering the conterminous U.S., from 1981-2019 were used to calculate yearly average air temperature and spatially averaged yearly precipitation for selected counties in and near the Permian Basin. Distribution of the measurements was accomplished using the PRISM, developed and applied by Dr. Christopher Daly of the PRISM Climate Group at Oregon State University. The aggregated data was used to display and/or analyze spatially distributed yearly average air temperature and spatially averaged yearly precipitation for select counties in and near the Permian Basin from 1981-2019.
This dataset provides the environmental explanatory variables used to explore spatial patterns in species-environment relationships in Gopherus agassizii and Gopherus morafkai across the subregion encompassing the genetic sampling locations used by Edwards et al. (2015). This region offered an opportunity to explore habitat selection across the ecotone between the Mojave and Sonoran deserts and the secondary contact zone between G. agassizii and G. morafkai, and is referred to as the focal study area. The raster layers contained here accompany the manuscript Inman et al. 2019 and were used to identify multivariate clusters and map them back to geographic space. Inman et al. 2019. Local niche differences predict genotype associations in sister taxa of desert tortoise. Diversity and Distributions. xxx.xxx
Rate of shoreline change of marsh units in Hudson Valley and New York City salt marsh complex, New York
This data release contains coastal wetland synthesis products for the geographic region of Hudson Valley and New York City, New York. Metrics for resiliency, including unvegetated to vegetated ratio (UVVR), marsh elevation, mean tidal range, and shoreline change rate are calculated for smaller units delineated from a Digital Elevation Model, providing the spatial variability of physical factors that influence wetland health. Through scientific efforts initiated with the Hurricane Sandy Science Plan, the U.S. Geological Survey has been expanding national assessment of coastal change hazards and forecast products to coastal wetlands with the intent of providing Federal, State, and local managers with tools to estimate the vulnerability and ecosystem service potential of these wetlands. For this purpose, the response and resilience of coastal wetlands to physical factors need to be assessed in terms of the ensuing change to their vulnerability and ecosystem services. This dataset displays shoreline change rates for Hudson Valley and New York City. Shoreline change rates are based on analysis of digital vector shorelines acquired from historical topographic sheets provided by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Analysis was performed using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS), an extension for ArcMap, created by the U.S. Geological Survey. Linear Regression Rates (LRR) and End Point Rates (EPR) of shoreline change were averaged along the shoreline of each salt marsh unit to generate this dataset. LRR rates were used in areas where three or more historical shorelines were available while EPR was used in areas where two were available. Positive and negative values indicate accretion and erosion respectively.
Shorelines for the northern Alaska coastal region used in shoreline change analysis, 1947 to 2003
The Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska is an area of strategic economic importance to the United States, is home to remote Native American communities, and encompasses unique habitats of global significance. Coastal erosion along the north coast of Alaska is chronic, widespread, may be accelerating, and is threatening defense and energy-related infrastructure, natural shoreline habitats, and Native communities. There is an increased demand for accurate information regarding past and present shoreline changes across the United States. To meet these national needs, the Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is compiling existing reliable historical shoreline data along sandy shores of the conterminous United States and parts of Alaska and Hawaii under the National Assessment of Shoreline Change project. There is no widely accepted standard for analyzing shoreline change. Existing shoreline data measurements and rate calculation methods vary from study to study and prevent combining results into state-wide or regional assessments. The impetus behind the National Assessment project was to develop a standardized method of measuring changes in shoreline position that is consistent from coast to coast. The goal was to facilitate the process of periodically and systematically updating the results in an internally consistent manner.
Wind rose plots for the volcano: 300052 Olkoviy Volcanic Group
Attributes for NHDPlus Version 2.1 Catchments and Modified Routing of Upstream Watersheds for the Conterminous United States: Mean Julian Day of the Year of First Freeze, from 30 Years of Record (1961-1990)
This tabular data set represents the mean Julian year day of the year of the first freeze, from 30 years of record (1961-1990) compiled for two spatial components of the NHDPlus version 2 data suite (NHDPlusv2) for the conterminous United States; 1) individual reach catchments and 2) reach catchments accumulated upstream through the river network. This dataset can be linked to the NHDPlus version 2 data suite by the unique identifier COMID. The source data for the mean day of the year of a first freeze, from 30 years of Record (1961-1990) was provided by the Environmental Protection Agency and is included with this data set (Ryan Hill, EPA, written commun., 2006). Values of 0 indicate there is no freeze. Reach catchment information characterizes data at the local scale. Reach catchments accumulated upstream through the river network characterizes cumulative upstream conditions. Network-accumulated values are computed using two methods, 1) divergence-routed and 2) total cumulative drainage area. Both approaches use a modified routing database to navigate the NHDPlus reach network to aggregate (accumulate) the metrics derived from the reach catchment scale. (Schwarz and Wieczorek, 2018).
USGS National and Global Oil and Gas Assessment Project - Williston Basin, Gas Assessment Unit Boundaries and Assessment Input Data Forms
This data release contains the boundaries of assessment units and input data for the assessment of undiscovered gas resources in the Williston Basin province in Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. The Assessment Unit is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment Project for the assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources. The Assessment Unit is defined within the context of the higher-level Total Petroleum System. The Assessment Unit is shown herein as a geographic boundary interpreted, defined, and mapped by the geologist responsible for the province and incorporates a set of known or postulated oil and (or) gas accumulations sharing similar geologic, geographic, and temporal properties within the Total Petroleum System, such as source rock, timing, migration pathways, trapping mechanism, and hydrocarbon type. The Assessment Unit boundary is defined geologically as the limits of the geologic elements that define the Assessment Unit, such as limits of reservoir rock, geologic structures, source rock, and seal lithologies. The only exceptions to this are Assessment Units that border the Federal-State water boundary. In these cases, the Federal-State water boundary forms part of the Assessment Unit boundary. Methodology of assessments are documented in USGS Data Series 547 for continuous assessments (https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/547) and USGS DDS69-D, Chapter 21 for conventional assessments (https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-d/REPORTS/69_D_CH_21.pdf). See supplemental information for a detailed list of files included this data release.
Geo-referenced orthophotographs of the Snow River, Alaska, acquired September 1, 2018
This data release consists of orthophotographs of the Snow River in Alaska acquired on September 1, 2018. The orthophotographs were produced from images obtained using a Hasselblad A6D-100C 100 megapixel digital mapping camera deployed within a pod mounted on the landing gear of a Robinson R44 helicopter. Images were acquired as the helicopter transited a series of flight lines designed to provide complete coverage, with ample overlap, of the study area along the Snow River. Also within the pod was an ATLANS GPS/Inertial Motion Unit (IMU) that recorded the position and orientation of the platform during the flight. This information was used to geo-reference the images by performing aerial triangulation and bundle adjustment within the TerraSolid software suite, which was also used to produce a LiDAR DEM that was incorporated into the orthophoto production process. The resulting orthorectified imagery had a spatial resolution (pixel size) of 0.05 m. The imagery is saved as a GeoTIFF files with an embedded header that contains the spatial referencing information for the image; the projected coordinate system is UTM Zone 6N, NAD83. The main purpose of these orthophotographs was to provide an ancillary dataset that could be used with a related lidar product and data release.
Tsunami evacuation time map for the island of O'ahu, Hawai'i, extreme tsunami evacuation zone and slow walk speed
The travel time map was generated using the Pedestrian Evacuation Analyst model from the USGS (https://geography.wr.usgs.gov/science/vulnerability/tools.html). The travel time analysis uses ESRI's Path Distance tool to find the shortest distance across a cost surface from any point in the hazard zone to a safe zone. This cost analysis considers the direction of movement and assigns a higher cost to steeper slopes, based on a table contained within the model. The analysis also adds in the energy costs of crossing different types of land cover, assuming that less energy is expended walking along a road than walking across a sandy beach. To produce the time map, the evacuation surface output from the model is grouped into 1-minute increments for easier visualization. The times in the attribute table represent the estimated time to travel on foot to the nearest safe zone at the speed designated in the map title. The file name indicates whether the map is of the standard or extreme evacuation zone used by the City and County of Honolulu and which travel speed was used in the modelling (impaired, slow, or fast walk). These data support the following publication: Wood, N.J., Jones, J.L., Peters, J., and Richards, K., 2018, Pedestrian-evacuation modeling to reduce vehicle use for distant tsunami evacuations in Hawai'i: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, v. 28, p. 271–283, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.03.009.
Wind rose plots for the volcano: 225002 Tin Zaouatene Volcanic Field
Northwestern Pond Turtle Survey Data in Northern California Forest Streams, 2021-2022
These data are from joint visual encounter and environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys conducted for northwestern pond turtles (Actinemys marmorata) in streams on privately-owned timberlands in northern California.
U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center
Images from Hurricane Hole, Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument, 2017 to 2019
This data set includes still images and videos from three bays within Hurricane Hole, Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument, documenting the remarkable biodiversity of the coral/mangrove ecosystem within these bays, and the effects of the 2017 Hurricanes Irma and Maria on this unique ecosystem. Near shore marine communities and fringing red mangroves were severely damaged.
XBeach Bottom Friction Scenarios: Model Inputs and Results for Hurricane Ivan Initial Elevations
Using the numerical model XBeach version 4926 (Roelvink and others, 2009), various bottom friction scenarios were simulated for hurricanes Ivan (2004) and Katrina (2005) at Dauphin Island, Alabama as described in Passeri and others, 2018. The XBeach model setup requires the input of a merged topographic and bathymetric digital elevation model (DEM), and inputs of wave spectra (based on significant wave height, peak wave period and wave direction) and water level (tide and surge) time series. Model inputs and outputs in the form of topography and bathymetry are provided in this data release. For further information regarding model input generation and visualization of model output topography and bathymetry, refer to Passeri and others, 2018.
Sediment Texture Units of the Sea Floor from Nahant to Northern Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts (NAH_CCB_sedcover polygon shapefile, Geographic, WGS84)
These data are qualitatively derived interpretive polygon shapefiles and selected source raster data defining surficial geology, sediment type and distribution, and physiographic zones of the sea floor from Nahant to Northern Cape Cod Bay. Much of the geophysical data used to create the interpretive layers were collected under a cooperative agreement among the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). Initiated in 2003, the primary objective of this program is to develop regional geologic framework information for the management of coastal and marine resources. Accurate data and maps of seafloor geology are important first steps toward protecting fish habitat, delineating marine resources, and assessing environmental changes because of natural or human effects. The project is focused on the inshore waters of coastal Massachusetts. Data collected during the mapping cooperative involving the USGS have been released in a series of USGS Open-File Reports (http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/html/current_map.html). The interpretations released in this study are for an area extending from the southern tip of Nahant to Northern Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts. A combination of geophysical and sample data including high resolution bathymetry and lidar, acoustic-backscatter intensity, seismic-reflection profiles, bottom photographs, and sediment samples are used to create the data interpretations. Most of the nearshore geophysical and sample data (including the bottom photographs) were collected during several cruises between 2000 and 2008. More information about the cruises and the data collected can be found at the Geologic Mapping of the Seafloor Offshore of Massachusetts Web page: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/.
Digital Shoreline Analysis System version 4.3 transects and short-term (1970-2009) end point rate shoreline change statistics within the Cape Cod Bay coastal region from the Cape Cod Canal in Sandwich to Long Point in Provincetown (CapeCodBay_transects_rates_STepr.shp)
Due to continued coastal population growth and increased threats of erosion, current data on trends and rates of shoreline movement are required to inform shoreline and floodplain management. The Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management launched the Shoreline Change Project in 1989 to identify erosion-prone areas of the coast. In 2001, a 1994 shoreline was added to calculate both long- and short-term shoreline change rates at 40-meter intervals along ocean-facing sections of the Massachusetts coast. The Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management, has compiled reliable historical shoreline data along open-facing sections of the Massachusetts coast under the Massachusetts Shoreline Change Mapping and Analysis Project 2013 Update. Two oceanfront shorelines for Massachusetts (approximately 1,800 km) were (1) delineated using 2008/09 color aerial orthoimagery, and (2) extracted from topographic LIDAR datasets (2007) obtained from NOAA's Ocean Service, Coastal Services Center. The new shorelines were integrated with existing Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management and USGS historical shoreline data in order to compute long- and short-term rates using the latest version of the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS).
Net coal thickness in the Deadman coal zone in the Black Butte area, Green River Basin, Wyoming (bbcatg.shp)
This ArcView shapefile contains a polygon representation of the Deadman coal zone thickness located within the Black Butte area of the Point of Rocks-Black Butte coalfield in the Greater Green River Basin, Wyoming. This coal zone is a part of the National Coal Resource Assessment of the Northern Rocky Mountain and Great Plains Fort Union Coal Resources Assessment Area. This shapefile can be shown in relation to other relevant themes of this area.
U.S. Geological Survey - CERSC Data Management Services Project
Mechanisms of aquatic species invasions across the South Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative region
The Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database (NAS) information resource is an established central repository for spatially referenced biogeographic accounts of introduced aquatic species. The NAS website provides scientific reports, online/real-time queries, spatial data sets, distribution maps, fact sheets, and general information.
Beach topography of the Columbia River littoral cell, Washington and Oregon, 2020
This portion of the USGS data release presents topography data collected during surveys performed in the Columbia River littoral cell, Washington and Oregon, in 2020 (USGS Field Activity Number 2020-622-FA). Topographic profiles were collected by walking along survey lines with global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers mounted on backpacks. Prior to data collection, vertical distances between the GNSS antennas and the ground were measured using a tape measure. Hand-held data collectors were used to log raw data and display navigational information allowing surveyors to navigate survey lines spaced at 100- to 1000-m intervals along the beach. Profiles were surveyed from the landward edge of the study area (either the base of a bluff, engineering structure, or just landward of the primary dune) over the beach foreshore, to wading depth on the same series of transects as nearshore bathymetric surveys that were conducted during the same time period. Additional topographic data were collected between survey lines in some areas with an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) equipped with a GNSS receiver to constrain the elevations and alongshore extent of major morphological features. Positioning data from the survey platforms were referenced to a GNSS base station with known horizontal and vertical coordinates relative to the North American Datum of 1983. Differential corrections from the GNSS base stations to the survey platforms were either applied in real-time with a VHF radio link, or post-processed using Trimble Business Center software. Orthometric elevations relative to the NAVD88 vertical datum were computed using National Geodetic Survey Geoid12a offsets. The average estimated vertical uncertainty of the topographic measurements is 4 cm. The final point data are provided in comma-separated text format and are projected in Cartesian coordinates using the Washington State Plane South, meters coordinate system. Due to equipment and staffing issues associated with the global pandemic, topographic surveys performed at the southern portion of the Clatsop Plains sub-cell (lines 71 to 101) and North Beach sub-cell took place several weeks prior the corresponding bathymetric surveys.
Cottonwood Lake Study Area-Wetland Vegetation Zones-1995
Spatial polygons of vegetation zones in 1995 for wetlands; P1, P2, P3, P4, P6, P7, P8, P11, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, and T9 within the Cottonwood Lake Study Area, Stutsman County, North Dakota. Created from a collection of digital orthorectified images from aerial photographs of the study area acquired during 1995 using Stewart and Kantrud classification system.
Marine Arctic polygon distribution of Arctic Shanny (Stichaeus punctatus) (Fabricius, 1780)
Region(s) of distribution of Arctic Shanny (Stichaeus punctatus) (Fabricius, 1780) in the Arctic as digitized for U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5038. For details on the project and purpose, see the report at https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165038. Complete metadata for the collection of species datasets is in the metadata document "Dataset_for_Alaska_Marine_Fish_Ecology_Catalog.xml" at https://doi.org/10.5066/F7M61HD7. Source(s) for this digitized data layer are listed in the metadata Process Steps section. Note that the original source may show an extended area; some datasets were limited to the published map boundary. Distributions of marine fishes are shown in adjacent Arctic seas where reliable data are available. The data were clipped to show only the marine distribution areas although some species also may have an inland presence.
Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) 2005, 2008, 2012, 2016 and 2018 Site 0369 land-water matrix
Wetland restoration efforts conducted by the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) in Louisiana rely on monitoring to determine the efficacy of these projects. The Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) was developed to assist in a multiple-reference approach that uses aspects of hydrogeomorphic functional assessments and probabilistic sampling for monitoring. The CRMS program includes a suite of approximately 390 sites that encompass the range of hydrological and ecological conditions for each stratum. As part of CRMS, land and water classifications are created from Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangles (DOQQs) approximately every three years at all CRMS sites. This dataset consists of a matrix of five land-water products (2005, 2008, 2012, YYYY and 2018). The resulting matrix has 32 possible classes defined by the combination of land and water categories on those five dates.
2013-2014 profile-derived mean high water shorelines of the South Shore of MA used in shoreline change analysis
The Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management launched the Shoreline Change Project in 1989 to identify erosion-prone areas of the coast. The shoreline position and change rate are used to inform management decisions regarding the erosion of coastal resources. In 2001, a 1994 shoreline was added to calculate both long- and short-term shoreline change rates at 40-meter intervals along ocean-facing sections of the Massachusetts coast. In 2013 two oceanfront shorelines for Massachusetts were added using 2008-2009 color aerial orthoimagery and 2007 topographic lidar datasets obtained from NOAA's Ocean Service, Coastal Services Center. This 2018 update includes two new mean high water (MHW) shorelines for the Massachusetts coast extracted from lidar data collected between 2010-2014. The first new shoreline for the state includes data from 2010 along the North Shore and South Coast from lidar data collected by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX). Shorelines along the South Shore and Outer Cape are from 2011 lidar data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Geospatial Program Office. Shorelines along Nantucket and Martha’s Vineyard are from a 2012 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Post Sandy Topographic lidar survey. The second new shoreline for the North Shore, Boston, South Shore, Cape Cod Bay, Outer Cape, South Cape, Nantucket, Martha’s Vineyard, and South Coast west of Buzzards Bay is from 2013-2014 lidar data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Coastal and Marine Geology Program. Shorelines were extracted from these lidar surveys using several different methods dependent on the location of the shoreline and whether or not wave data were available.
Land use and disturbance history for Agate Fossil Beds National Monument, Nebraska through March 2018
This spatial data set provides information pertaining to the known land use and disturbance history for lands within the March 2018 administrative boundary of Agate Fossil Beds National Monument, Nebraska. Land use and disturbance history presented here are not a comprehensive record of all potential land uses and disturbances but rather a record of known and documented land uses and disturbances based on the best available information. Additional land use and disturbance information may exist but due to time and budget constraints may not have been discovered during the research and development of this data set. The information in this data set was gathered through a variety of sources including but not limited to communication with National Park Service staff, historical documents, land patent records, online information searches, aerial imagery, historic photographs, and spatial data repositories. Data are presented as polygon features, each with a unique area number, its total area (in acres) and the percent of the park the area covers. Polygons were delineated based on existing GIS layers in park records, or, when these were not available, they were digitized using ESRI Arc Map 10.5.1 in conjunction with USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service NAIP orthoimagery based on written descriptions of locations (e.g., Township and Range Survey System) or maps in information sources. History of each polygon is described for one or more of five land use or disturbance types: cultivation, structures, excavation, grazing, and other disturbance. Each land use or disturbance type has six attribute fields. The first field indicates if there is evidence of the land use or disturbance type in the polygon. "Yes" indicates there is evidence and a <null> value indicates evidence was not found. A <null> value does not guarantee that the land use or disturbance type has not occurred in the area, but rather that we found no evidence of that type. The second field provides a description of the land use or disturbance event or activities. The level of detail provided in the description is based on the best available information. The third field provides the last known date of land use or disturbance or the best estimation of the last known date; for grazing, the range of time over which grazing was documented is indicated. The fourth field provides an explanation of how the land use or disturbance date was generated or the confidence level of the date. The fifth field provides an explanation of the confidence in the area boundary. The spatial accuracy of area boundaries are only as good as the available information they were generated from and should be used with the understanding that they may be overestimated, underestimated, or misaligned. In some cases the area was generated from personal recollection of a park service staff and exact location is unknown. The sixth and last field provides the references used to populate the first five fields.
DS-777 Annual Model-Backcasted Land-Use/Land-Cover Rasters from 1949 to 2008 for the High Plains Aquifer in Parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming
Estimates of land use categories are an essential component for computing the water budget of the High Plains aquifer. These raster land-use data represent yearly estimated land use for the High Plains from 1949 to 2008. These data were developed using the FOREcasting SCEnarios of future land cover (FORE-SCE) model (Sohl and others, 2007) and then processed using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The GIS software used to process these data was Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI, Inc.) ArcGIS Desktop 9.3.1.
Spreadsheet of best models for each downscaled climate dataset and for all downscaled climate datasets considered together (Best_model_lists_FL_CMIP6.xlsx)
The Florida Flood Hub for Applied Research and Innovation and the U.S. Geological Survey have developed projected future change factors for precipitation depth-duration-frequency (DDF) curves at 242 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Atlas 14 stations in Florida. The change factors were computed as the ratio of projected future to historical extreme-precipitation depths fitted to extreme-precipitation data from downscaled climate datasets using a constrained maximum likelihood (CML) approach as described in https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20225093. The change factors correspond to the period 2020-59 (centered in 2040) or to the period 2050-89 (centered in the year 2070) as compared to the 1966-2005 historical period. A Microsoft Excel workbook is provided that tabulates best models for each CMIP6 downscaled climate dataset. Best models were identified based on how well the models capture the climatology and interannual variability of four climate extreme indices using the Model Climatology Index (MCI) and the Model Variability Index (MVI) of Srivastava and others (2020). The four indices consist of annual maxima consecutive precipitation for durations of 1, 3, 5, and 7 days compared against the same indices computed based on the PRISM and SFWMD gridded precipitation datasets for five climate regions: climate region 1 in Northwest Florida, 2 in North Florida, 3 in North Central Florida, 4 in South Central Florida, and climate region 5 in South Florida. The PRISM dataset is based on the Parameter-elevation Relationships on Independent Slopes Model interpolation method of Daly and others (2008). The South Florida Water Management District’s (SFWMD) precipitation super-grid is a gridded precipitation dataset developed by modelers at the agency for use in hydrologic modeling (SFWMD, 2005). This dataset is considered by the SFWMD as the best available gridded rainfall dataset for south Florida and was used in addition to PRISM to identify best models in the South Central and South Florida climate regions. Best models were selected based on MCI and MVI evaluated within each individual downscaled dataset. Models were not compared across CMIP6 downscaled climate datasets due to all the best models belonging to a single downscaled climate dataset (LOCA2).
Archive of Digital Boomer Seismic reflection Data Collected Offshore East-Central Florida During USGS Cruise 00FGS01, July 14-22, 2000
In July of 2000, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Florida Geological Survey (FGS), conducted a geophysical survey of the Atlantic Ocean offshore Florida's east coast from Brevard County to northern Martin County. This report serves as an archive of unprocessed digital boomer seismic reflection data, trackline maps, navigation files, GIS information, digital and handwritten Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs, and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata. A filtered and gained digital image of each seismic profile is also provided. The archived trace data are in standard Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) SEG-Y format (Barry and others, 1975) and may be downloaded and processed with commercial or public domain software such as Seismic Unix (SU). Examples of SU processing scripts and (USGS) software for viewing SEG-Y files (Zihlman, 1992) are also provided. For more information on the seismic surveys see http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/g/g100fl/html/g-1-00-fl.meta.html These data are also available via GeoMapApp (http://www.geomapapp.org/) and Virtual Ocean ( http://www.virtualocean.org/) earth science exploration and visualization applications.
Flathead catfish occurrence data for the Great Lakes Basin 1890-2017
This dataset is a compilation of Flathead Catfish occurrence data from museums, literature, and state agencies. Sources include museums that are members of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, VertNet, FishNet2, state fish books, state reports, state stocking data for states surrounding the Great Lakes, and historical literature.
Chirp sub-bottom profiler 500-shot point interval navigation collected by the U.S. Geological Survey offshore of Fire Island, NY in 2011 (Geographic, WGS 84, Esri Point Shapefile)
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) mapped approximately 336 square kilometers of the lower shoreface and inner-continental shelf offshore of Fire Island, New York in 2011 using interferometric sonar and high-resolution chirp seismic-reflection systems. These spatial data support research on the Quaternary evolution of the Fire Island coastal system and provide baseline information for research on coastal processes along southern Long Island. For more information about the WHCMSC Field Activity, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2011-005-FA.
Wind rose plots for the volcano: 221120 Kurub
Implementation of a Surface Water Extent Model using Cloud-Based Remote Sensing - Code and Maps
This data release comprises the raster data files and code necessary to perform all analyses presented in the associated publication. The 16 TIF raster data files are classified surface water maps created using the Dynamic Surface Water Extent (DSWE) model implemented in Google Earth Engine using published technical documents. The 16 tiles cover the country of Cambodia, a flood-prone country in Southeast Asia lacking a comprehensive stream gauging network. Each file includes 372 bands. Bands represent surface water for each month from 1988 to 2018, and are stacked from oldest (Band 1 - January 1988) to newest (Band 372 - December 2018). DSWE classifies pixels unobscured by cloud, cloud shadow, or snow into five categories of ground surface inundation; in addition to not-water (class 0) and water (class 1), the DSWE algorithm distinguishes pixels that are less distinctly inundated (class 2: “moderate confidence”), comprise a mixture of vegetation and water (class 3: “potential wetland”), or are of marginal validity (class 4: “water or wetland - low confidence”). Class 9 is applied to classify clouds, shadows and hill shade. Two additional documents accompany the raster image files and XML metadata. The first provides a key representing the general location of each raster file. The second file includes all Google Earth Engine Javascript code, which can be used online (https://code.earthengine.google.com/) to replicate the monthly DSWE map time series for Cambodia, or for any other location on Earth. The code block includes comments to explain how each step works. These data support the following publication: These data support the following publication: Soulard, C.E., Walker, J.J., and Petrakis, R.E., 2020, Implementation of a Surface Water Extent Model in Cambodia using Cloud-Based Remote Sensing: Remote Sensing, v. 12, no. 6, p. 984, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12060984.
Calculated carbon concentrations, loads, and export in Big Cypress National Preserve, South Florida, 2015-2017
This data release provides data for quantifying the aquatic export of total carbon in a cypress swamp within the Big Cypress National Preserve, and is part of a larger carbon budget study. The U.S. Geological Survey operated two continuous streamflow and water-quality monitoring stations within the Big Cypress National Preserve in southern Florida from September 2015 to October 2017. Site-specific regression models were developed using continuously measured specific conductance and concomitant discretely collected total carbon (dissolved organic carbon, dissolved inorganic carbon, and particulate carbon) samples to calculate continuous concentrations of total carbon. Total carbon loads were calculated by multiplying concentrations and streamflow, and the difference between the load calculations was used to determine the aquatic carbon export of the study area.
Body measurements of the exotic invasive Cuban treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) in Louisiana
This dataset provides location and standard measurements of captured Cuban Treefrogs from the Audubon Park and Zoo area of New Orleans, Louisiana.
Mean annual water-budget components for Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi, for a 2020 land-cover and a set of four climate scenarios
This shapefile represents the spatial distribution of mean annual water-budget components, in inches, for Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi for a 2020 land-cover and a set of four climate scenarios. The four climate scenarios used in the water-budget analyses include a reference climate scenario representative of recent conditions during 1978–2007, hereinafter the 1978–2007 scenario, and three downscaled future-climate projections. The three future-climate projections include (1) a mid-century scenario using projected rainfall conditions representative of phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) 2041–71 scenario climate described in Elison Timm and others (2015), hereinafter the SD RCP8.5 2041–71 scenario, (2) a dry-climate scenario using projected rainfall conditions representative of the CMIP5 RCP8.5 2071–99 scenario climate described in Elison Timm and others (2015), hereinafter the SD RCP8.5 2071–99 scenario, and (3) a wet-climate scenario using a dynamical downscaling approach by configuring a regional climate model for the western North Pacific and southwest Pacific region, including the Hawaiian Islands described in Zhang and Wang (2017), hereinafter the Hawaiʻi Regional Climate Model version 2 (HRCM2) RCP8.5 2080–99 scenario. The water-budget components for each model subarea were computed for each climate scenario using a water-budget model developed by Oki (2022). A set of land-cover classes representative of conditions around 2020 was developed for this study to define the land-cover conditions for each model subarea (or polygon). The shapefile attribute information associated with each subarea present the land-cover class and an estimate of mean annual rainfall, fog interception, irrigation, septic-system leachate, seepage from reservoirs and cesspools, runoff, canopy evaporation, total evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge. This shapefile also includes select geographic and land-cover attributes of the model subareas. Brief descriptions of the water-budget components and attributes are included in this metadata file. Refer to Kāne and others (2024) for further details of the methods and sources used to determine these components and attributes.
Audiomagnetotelluric sounding data in the Silverton Caldera complex, Colorado, 2018
This data release includes audiomagnetotelluric (AMT) sounding data collected in July 2018 in the Silverton Caldera complex, Colorado, in the Southern Rocky Mountain Volcanic Field, by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Along with geologic mapping, airborne magnetics, airborne electromagnetics, and magnetotellurics, the USGS collected AMT data at 24 sites along four profiles ranging from 3 to 6 kilometers in length across the north-western structural margin of the Silverton caldera in Mineral Basin (MB01-MB05), across the south-eastern margin of the caldera along Cunningham Creek (CC01-CC05), within the caldera in Eureka Graben (EG01-EG05), and within the caldera along upper Cement Creek near the Gold King mine (GK01-GK09). Only the station locations are provided here. The sounding data and documentation are provided in ndividual links.
This data set represents the extent of the Silurian Devonian aquifers in the states of Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee.
CoSMoS (Coastal Storm Modeling System) Southern California v3.0 Phase 2 ocean-currents projections: 1-year storm in Los Angeles County
Projected Hazard: Model-derived ocean current velocities (in meters per second) for the given storm condition and sea-level rise (SLR) scenario. Model Summary: The Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) makes detailed predictions (meter-scale) over large geographic scales (100s of kilometers) of storm-induced coastal flooding and erosion for both current and future sea-level rise (SLR) scenarios. CoSMoS v3.0 for Southern California shows projections for future climate scenarios (sea-level rise and storms) to provide emergency responders and coastal planners with critical storm-hazards information that can be used to increase public safety, mitigate physical damages, and more effectively manage and allocate resources within complex coastal settings. Phase 2 data for Southern California include flood-hazard information for the coast from the border of Mexico to Pt. Conception. Several changes from Phase 1 projections are reflected in many areas; please read the model summary and inspect output carefully. Data are complete for the information presented. Details: Model background: The CoSMoS model comprises three tiers. Tier I consists of one Delft3D hydrodynamics FLOW grid for computation of tides, water level variations, flows, and currents and one SWAN grid for computation of wave generation and propagation across the continental shelf. The FLOW and SWAN models are two-way coupled so that tidal currents are accounted for in wave propagation and growth and conversely, so that orbital velocities generated by waves impart changes on tidal currents. The Tier I SWAN and FLOW models consist of identical structured curvilinear grids that extend from far offshore to the shore and range in resolution from 0.5 km in the offshore to 0.2 km in the nearshore. Spatially varying astronomic tidal amplitudes and phases and steric rises in water levels due to large-scale effects (for example, a prolonged rise in sea level) are applied along all open boundaries of the Tier I FLOW grid. Winds (split into eastward and northward components) and sea-level pressure (SLP) fields from CaRD10 (Dr. Dan Cayan, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, Los Angeles, California, written commun., 2014) that vary in both space and time are applied to all grid cells at each model time-step. Deep-water wave conditions, applied at the open boundaries of the Tier I SWAN model runs, were projected for the 21st century Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 climate scenario (2011-2100) using the WaveWatch III numerical wave model (Tolman and others, 2002) and 3-hourly winds from the GFDL-ESM2M Global Climate Model (GCM). Tier II provides higher resolution near the shore and in areas that require greater resolution of physical processes (such as bays, harbors, and estuaries). A single nested outer grid and multiple two-way coupled domain decomposition (DD) structured grids allow for local grid refinement and higher resolution where needed. Tier II was segmented into 11 sections along the Southern California Bight, to reduce computation time and complete runs within computational limitations. Water-level and Neumann time-series, extracted from Tier I simulations, are applied to the shore-parallel and lateral open boundaries of each Tier II sub-model outer grid respectively. Several of the sub-models proved to be unstable with lateral Neumann boundaries; for those cases one or both of the lateral boundaries were converted to water-level time-series or left unassigned. The open-boundary time-series are extracted from completed Tier I simulations so that there is no communication from Tier II to Tier I. Because this one-way nesting could produce erroneous results near the boundaries of Tier II and because data near any model boundary are always suspect, Tier II sub-model extents were designed to overlap in the along-coast direction. In the landward direction, Tier II DD grids extend to the 10-m topographic contour; exceptions exist where channels (such as the Los Angeles River) or other low-lying regions extend very far inland. Space- and time-varying wind and SLP fields, identical to those used in Tier I simulations, are applied to all Tier II DD grids to allow for wind-setup and local inverse barometer effects (IBE, rise or depression of water levels in response to atmospheric pressure gradients). A total of 42 time-series fluvial discharges are included in the Tier II FLOW domains in an effort to simulate exacerbated flooding caused by backflow at the confluence of high river seaward flows and elevated coastal surge levels migrating inland. Time-varying fluvial discharges are applied either at the closed boundaries or distributed as point sources within the relevant model domains. Wave computations are accomplished with the SWAN model using two grids for each Tier II sub-model: one larger grid covering the same area as the outer FLOW grid and a second finer resolution two-way coupled nearshore nested grid. The nearshore grid extends from approximately 800-1,000 m water depth up to 8-10 m elevations onshore. The landward extension is included to allow for wave computations of the higher SLR scenarios. Time- and space-varying 2D wave spectra extracted from previously completed Tier I simulations are applied approximately every kilometer along the open boundaries of the outer Tier II sub-model SWAN grids. The same space- and time-varying wind fields used in Tier I simulations are also applied to both Tier II SWAN grids to allow for computation of local wave generation. Tier III for the entire Southern California Bight consists of 4,802 cross-shore transects (CST) spaced approximately 100 m apart in the along-shore direction. The profiles extend from the -15 m isobath to at least 10 m above NAVD88. The CSTs are truncated for cases where a lagoon or other waterway exists on the landward end of the profile. Time-varying water levels and wave parameters (significant wave heights, Hs; peak periods, Tp; and peak incident wave directions, Dp), extracted from Tier II grid cells that coincide with the seaward end of the CSTs, are applied at the open boundary of each CST. The XBeach model is run in a hydrostatic (no vertical pressure gradients) mode including event-based morphodynamic change. Wave propagation, two-way wave-current interaction, water-level variations, and wave runup are computed at each transect. XBeach simulations are included in the CoSMoS model to account for infragravity waves that can significantly extend the reach of wave runup (Roelvink and others, 2009) compared to short-wave incident waves. The U.S. west coast is particularly susceptible to infragravity waves at the shore due to breaking of long-period swell waves (Tp > 15). Resulting water levels (WLs) from both Delft3D (high interest bays and marshes) and open-coast XBeach (CSTs) were spatially combined and interpolated to a 10 m grid. These WL elevations are differenced from the originating 2 m digital elevation model (DEM) to determine final flooding extent and depth of flooding. Events: The model system is run for pre-determined scenarios of interest such as the 1-yr or 100-yr storm event in combination with sea-level rise. Storms are first identified from time-series of total water level proxies (TWLpx) at the shore. TWLpx are computed for the majority of the 21st century (2010-2100), assuming a linear super-position of the major processes that contribute to the overall total water level. TWLpx time-series are then evaluated for extreme events, which define the boundary conditions for subsequent modeling with CoSMoS. Multiple 100-yr events are determined (varying Hs, Tp, Dp) and used for multiple model runs to better account for regional and directional flooding affects. Model results are combined and compiled into scenario-specific composites of flood projection. Digital Elevation Model (DEM): Our seamless, topobathymetric digital elevation model (DEM) was based largely upon the Coastal California TopoBathy Merge Project DEM, with some modifications performed by the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center to incorporate the most recent, high-resolution topographic and bathymetric datasets available. Topography is derived from bare-earth light detection and ranging (lidar) data collected in 2009-2011 for the CA Coastal Conservancy Lidar Project and bathymetry from 2009-2010 bathymetric lidar as well as acoustic multi- and single-beam data collected primarily between 2001 and 2013. The DEM was constructed to define the shape of nearshore, beach, and cliff surfaces as accurately as possible, utilizing dozens of bathymetric and topographic data sets. These data were used to populate the majority of the Tier I and II grids. To describe and include impacts from long-term shoreline evolution, including cumulative storm activity, seasonal trends, ENSO, and SLR, the DEM was modified for each SLR scenario. Long-term shoreline (Vitousek and Barnard, 2015) and cliff (Limber and others, 2015) erosion projections were efficiently combined along the cross-shore transects to evolve the shore-normal profiles. Elevation changes from the profiles were spatially-merged for a cohesive, 3D depiction of coastal evolution used to modify the DEM. These data are used to generate initial profiles of the 4,802 CSTs used for Phase 2 Tier III XBeach modeling and determining final projected flood depths in each SLR scenario. All data are referenced to NAD83 horizontal datum and NAVD88 vertical datum. Data for Tiers II and III are projected in UTM, zone 11. Outputs include: Projected ocean current velocities for the 100-year storm and 0.0 m sea-level rise scenario. Data correspond to the near-shore region including areas vulnerable to coastal flooding due to storm surge, sea-level anomalies, tide elevation, and wave run-up during the same storm and sea-level rise simulation. References Cited: Howell, S., Smith-Konter, B., Frazer, N., Tong, X., and Sandwell, D., 2016, The vertical fingerprint of earthquake cycle loading in southern California: Nature Geoscience, v. 9, p. 611-614, doi:10.1038/ngeo2741. Limber, P., Barnard, P.L. and Hapke., C., 2015, Towards projecting the retreat of California’s coastal cliffs during the 21st Century: in, Wang, P., Rosati, J.D., and Cheng, J., (eds.), The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments: 2015, World Scientific, 14 p., doi:10.1142/9789814689977_0245 Roelvink, J.A., Reniers, A., van Dongeren, A.R., van Thiel de Vries, J., McCall, R., and Lescinski, J., 2009, Modeling storm impacts on beaches, dunes and barrier islands: Coastal Engineering, v. 56, p. 1,133–1,152, doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2009.08.006. Tolman, H.L., Balasubramaniyan, B., Burroughs, L.D., Chalikov, D.V., Chao, Y.Y., Chen H.S., Gerald, V.M., 2002, Development and implementation of wind generated ocean surface wave models at NCEP: Weather and Forecasting, v. 17, p. 311-333. Vitousek, S. and Barnard, P.L., 2015, A non-linear, implicit one-line model to predict long-term shoreline change: in, Wang, P., Rosati, J.D., and Cheng, J., (eds.), The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments: 2015, World Scientific, 14 p., doi:10.1142/9789814689977_0215.
1.0-second spectral response acceleration (5% of critical damping) with a 1% probability of exceedance in 1 year
A one-year seismic hazard forecast for the Central and Eastern United States, based on induced and natural earthquakes, has been produced by the U.S. Geological Survey. The model assumes that earthquake rates calculated from several different time windows will remain relatively stationary and can be used to forecast earthquake hazard and damage intensity for the year 2017. This assessment is the first step in developing an operational earthquake forecast for the CEUS, and the analysis could be revised with updated seismicity and model parameters. Consensus input models consider alternative earthquake catalog durations, smoothing parameters, maximum magnitudes, and ground motion estimates, and represent uncertainties in earthquake occurrence and diversity of opinion in the science community. Near some areas of active induced earthquakes, hazard is higher than in the 2014 USGS National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) by more than a factor of 3; the 2014 NSHM did not consider induced earthquakes. In some areas, previously observed induced earthquakes have stopped, so the seismic hazard reverts back to the 2014 NSHM. This data set represents the results of calculations of hazard curves for a grid of points with a spacing of 0.05 degrees in latitude and longitude. This particular data set is for horizontal spectral response acceleration for 1.0-second period with a 1 percent probability of exceedance in 1 year. The data are for the Western United States and are based on the long-term 2014 National Seismic Hazard Model.
Factors influencing distribution of Coccidioides immitis in soil, Washington State, 2016 — Data release
Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii are causative agents of Valley fever, a serious fungal disease endemic to regions with hot, arid climate in the United States, Mexico, and Central and South America. The environmental niche of Coccidioides spp. is not well defined, and it remains unknown whether these fungi are primarily associated with rodents or grow as saprotrophs in soil. To better understand the environmental reservoir of these pathogens, we used a systematic soil sampling approach, quantitative PCR (qPCR), culture, whole-genome sequencing, and soil chemical analysis to identify factors associated with the presence of C. immitis at a known colonization site in Washington State linked to a human case in 2010. This data set presents qPCR results of soil samples and analytical chemistry results of deionized water leachates of the same soil samples.
sand_tsu - Tsunami Hazard Intensity Level in the coastal zone of Sand Island (Oahu), Hawaii
Tsunami Hazard Intensity Level in the coastal zone of Sand Island (Oahu), Hawaii
Accuracy of Rapid Crop Cover Map of Conterminous United States for 2016
Spatially accurate annual crop cover maps are an important component to various planning and research applications; however, the importance of these maps varies significantly with the timing of their availability. Utilizing a previously developed crop classification model (CCM), which was used to generate historical annual crop cover maps (classifying nine major crops: corn, cotton, sorghum, soybeans, spring wheat, winter wheat, alfalfa, other hay/non alfalfa, fallow/idle cropland, and ‘other’ as one class for remaining crops), we hypothesized that such crop cover maps could be generated in near real time (NRT). The CCM was trained on 14 temporal and 15 static geospatial datasets, known as predictor variables, and the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Cropland Data Layers (CDL) was used as the dependent variable. We were able to generate a NRT crop cover map by the first day of September through a process of incrementally removing weekly and monthly data from the CCM and comparing the subsequent map results with the original maps and NASS CDLs. Initially, our NRT results revealed training error of 1.4% and test error of 8.3%, as compared to 1.0% and 7.6%, respectively for the original CCM. Through the implementation of a new ‘two-mapping model’ approach, we were able to substantially improve the results of the NRT crop cover model. We divided the NRT model into one ‘crop type model’ to handle the classification of the nine specific crops and a second, binary model to classify crops as presence or absence of the ‘other’ crop. Under the two-mapping model approach, the training errors were 0.8% and 1.5% for the crop type and binary model, respectively, while test errors were 5.5% and 6.4% for crop type and binary model, respectively. With overall mapping accuracy for the map reaching 58.03 percent, this approach shows strong potential for generating crop type maps of current year in September.
Archive of Digital Chirp Sub-bottom Profile Data Collected During USGS Cruises 08CCT02 and 08CCT03, Mississippi Gulf Islands, July and September 2008
In July and September of 2008, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted geophysical surveys to investigate the geologic controls on island framework from Ship Island to Horn Island, MS, as part of a broader USGS study on Coastal Change and Transport (CCT). This report serves as an archive of unprocessed digital Chirp sub-bottom profile data, trackline maps, navigation files, GIS information, FACS logs, observer's logbook, and formal FGDC metadata. Gained digital images of the sub-bottom profiles are also provided. For more information on the seismic surveys see http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/c/c208mi/html/c-2-08-mi.meta.html and http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/s/s308mi/html/s-3-08-mi.meta.html These data are also available via GeoMapApp (http://www.geomapapp.org/) and Virtual Ocean ( http://www.virtualocean.org/) earth science exploration and visualization applications.
Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) 2021 Site 0034 land-water classification data
Wetland restoration efforts conducted by the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) in Louisiana rely on monitoring efforts to determine the efficacy of these efforts. The Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) was developed to assist in a multiple-reference approach that uses aspects of hydrogeomorphic functional assessments and probabilistic sampling for monitoring. The CRMS program includes a suite of approximately 398 sites that encompass the range of hydrological and ecological conditions for each stratum. As part of CRMS, land and water classifications are created from Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangles (DOQQs) approximately every three years at all CRMS sites. A DOQQ is a raster image in which displacement in the image caused by sensor orientation and terrain relief has been removed and combines the image characteristics of a photo with geometric qualities of a map. The DOQQs generated for this project consist of 2021 Color Infrared (CIR) Digital Imagery. These images were classified into land and water categories using a threshold of the near infrared (NIR) band, followed by supervised and unsupervised classification. Initial classification results are then reviewed by multiple image analysts to identify and manually recode errors. The final land-water classifications are intended to serve as both geographic and quantitative assessments of landscape composition on the date of acquisition. Five previous assessments have been conducted (2005, 2008, 2012, 2015/2016, and 2018). Once the program creates enough data points for statistical analyses, these data will be used for land area change rate calculation.
Cosmogenic Be-10 Exposure Data for a Boulder Field in Zepp, VA
We have dated a boulder field in Zepp, VA using cosmogenic Be-10 exposure dating. Three samples taken from boulders at three elevations in the boulder field (804 m asl, 818 m asl, and 831 m asl) were processed at the Reston Cosmogenic Nuclide (RECON) Lab and measured via accelerator mass spectrometry at the Purdue Rare Isotope Measurement (PRIME) Lab. The results of this work are summarized in the file “Zepp_Exposure_Beryllium10_Odom.csv”. This file contains all relevant sample location data, as well as input variables for exposure age calculations. We employed the CRONUS v.3 exposure age calculator (Balco et al., 2008) to estimate exposure ages for these samples and report exposure ages derived using the LSDn time-dependent production rate scaling scheme (Lifton et al., 2014). From highest to lowest elevation, the boulders increased in exposure age: 53 ± 4 ka at 831 m, 84 ± 6 ka at 818 m, and 113 ± 7 ka at 804 m. These exposure ages are generally younger than boulder field exposure ages calculated ~330 km to the northeast at Hickory Run, PA (Denn et al., 2017), but older than the Last Glacial Maximum. They produce a linear inverse trend in elevation vs. exposure age (R2 = 0.998), indicating a mean downslope movement rate of approximately -0.45 m/ky for boulders. Future study will include Al-26 measurements to evaluate the possibility of boulder reorientation and changes in cosmic ray shielding over time. References: Balco, G., Stone, J. O., Lifton, N. A., & Dunai, T. J. (2008). A complete and easily accessible means of calculating surface exposure ages or erosion rates from 10Be and 26Al measurements. Quaternary Geochronology, 3(3), 174–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2007.12.001 Denn, A. R., Bierman, P. R., Zimmerman, S. R. H., Caffee, M. W., Corbett, L. B., & Kirby, E. (2018). Cosmogenic nuclides indicate that boulder fields are dynamic, ancient, multigenerational features. GSA Today, 4–10. https://doi.org/10.1130/GSATG340A.1 Lifton, N., Sato, T., & Dunai, T. J. (2014). Scaling in situ cosmogenic nuclide production rates using analytical approximations to atmospheric cosmic-ray fluxes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 386, 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.052
Phosphorus, nitrogen, carbon, calcium, pH, and dissolved oxygen data from incubations of Colorado River water and sediment and associated ambient river water measurements
Lake Powell retains most of the phosphorus that it receives, leading to downstream phosphorus limitation. These data were compiled to examine controls on phosphorus cycling below Lake Powell in the Colorado River and from storm inputs from the Paria River. Objectives of our study were to determine how several forms of phosphorus, both organic and inorganic, were cycled under varying dissolved oxygen concentrations and pH, reflecting the range of values observed in the river over the years. These data represent nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, and carbon concentrations, water quality parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature), sediment composition, total protein, and extracellular enzyme activity (alkaline phosphatase). Additionally, these data contain some previously unpublished longer term continuous pH data from the Colorado River. These data were primarily collected in the summer of 2021, before, during, and immediately following incubations of three different sediment types with Colorado river water. Sediment and overlying water for incubations were collected at one time point from three sites: the Paria River near the confluence with the Colorado River, the Colorado River approximately 23 river kilometers below Glen Canyon Dam, and the Colorado River near its inflow to Lake Mead at the Pearce Ferry boat ramp. Data were collected by the Southwest Biological Science Center-Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center researchers. These ambient river water and sediment data can be used to describe chemical and biological conditions in the river and data from bottle incubations can be used to examine how changing laboratory conditions affect nutrient availability and cycling.
Database of Geomorphic Features, Klamath River, California, 2010
The USGS, in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, compiled a map of geomorphic features along a 140-km segment of the main stem Klamath River below Iron Gate Dam, CA. Flood disturbance within the study reach is produced by the combined effect of natural flows and reservoir releases. The physical response of the Klamath River to flood disturbance is strongly dependent upon sediment storage in bars and floodplains. The map provides a summary of channel and riparian features that was used to estimate sediment storage in bars and floodplains. Study results will be useful for interpreting linkages among physical and biological processes and for evaluating the effectiveness of flow management targeted to improve river conditions for endangered salmonid populations. The geomorphic map is contained within an ArcGIS geodatabase (v.10.6.1). The structure of the geodatabase and the methods used to delineate individual geomorphic features are described in a companion report. Curtis, J.A., Poitras, T.B., Bond, S.B., and Byrd, K.B., 2020, Sediment mobility and river corridor assessment for a 140-km segment of the main-stem Klamath River below Iron Gate Dam, CA: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021-1141, 38p.
Magnetotelluric data from Mountain Pass, CA, 2015, station mp352
This dataset consists of 65 magnetotelluric (MT) stations collected in 2015 near Mountain Pass, California. The U.S. Geological Survey acquired these data to create a regional conductivity model near the Mountain Pass mine. This work is in support of characterizing mineral deposits.
24-bit True Color NE Quadrant of RINCON NE, Orthophoto Production for Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands (rincon1_2004.tif)
This dataset is a single orthoimage from a collection of GeoTIFF format natural color orthoimages covering the islands of Puerto Rico, Mona, Desecheo, Culebra, Vieques, and the US Virgin Islands. An orthophoto is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed. Orthophotography combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. Each orthophoto provides imagery for a nominal 3.75 minute (in latitude and longitude) cell area. The source imagery was obtained in October 2004 and used to produce orthophotos with a one meter ground resolution. Imagery was acquired at 0.86 meter ground sample distance (GSD) resolution. Flight height maintained during mission was 27,000 feet AGL. The imagery was captured at 12-bit radiometric resolution and converted to 8-bit radiometric resolution during post processing. The imagery was obtained and processed by all digital means beginning with data acquisition using a Leica ADS40 Digital Airborne Sensor. The orthophotos are available in GeoTIFF form. The projected coordinate system is UTM zone 19 N, NAD 83, GRS 80, Units Meters.
An Unvegetated to Vegetated Ratio (UVVR) for coastal wetlands of the Gulf of Mexico Coast - 2022
Prior research has shown that sediment budgets, and therefore stability, of microtidal marsh complexes scale with areal unvegetated to vegetated marsh ratios (UVVR) suggesting these metrics are broadly applicable indicators of microtidal marsh vulnerability. This effort has developed the UVVR metric using readily available satellite imagery for the coastal areas of the contiguous United States (CONUS). These datasets provide annual averages of the 1) unvegetated fraction, 2) vegetated fraction, 3) water fraction and 4) an unvegetated to vegetated ratio (UVVR) at 30-meter resolution over the coastal areas of the contiguous United States for the year 2022. Additionally, multi-year average values of vegetated ratio, its standard deviation and a UVVR based on the annually-averaged vegetated ratio are provided for the coastal wetlands of the contiguous United States.
This data set represents the extent of the Lower Cretaceous aquifers in the states of Montana, Wyoming, South Dakota, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, and Minnesota..
ASIS2005_EAARLA_BE_z18_n88g12B_metadata: EAARL Coastal Topography--Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland and Virginia, 2005: Bare Earth
ASCII XYZ point cloud data were produced from remotely sensed, geographically referenced elevation measurements acquired cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Park Service (NPS). Elevation measurements were collected over Assateague Island National Seashore using the first-generation National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL), a pulsed laser ranging system mounted onboard an aircraft to measure ground elevation, vegetation canopy, and coastal topography. The system uses high-frequency laser beams directed at the Earth's surface through an opening in the bottom of the aircraft's fuselage. The laser system records the time difference between emission of the laser beam and the reception of the reflected laser signal in the aircraft. The plane travels over the target area at approximately 60 meters per second at an elevation of approximately 300 meters, resulting in a laser swath of approximately 240 meters with an average point spacing of 2-3 meters. The EAARL, developed originally by NASA at Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, measures ground elevation with a vertical resolution of 3 centimeters. A sampling rate of 3 kilohertz or higher results in an extremely dense spatial elevation dataset. Over 100 kilometers of coastline can be surveyed easily within a 3- to 4-hour mission. When resultant elevation maps for an area are analyzed, they provide a useful tool to make management decisions regarding land development.
Digital Orthorectified Aerial Image of Cottonwood Lake Study Area Wetland P3 from 1995
Orthorectified image from aerial photograph of wetland P3 in the Cottonwood Lake Study Area, Stutsman County, North Dakota. This image is part of a collection of photographs of the study area acquired during July and early August from 1975 to 2015.
Bathymetry of the Hudson Canyon region (100-m resolution Esri binary grid and 32-bit GeoTIFF, Mercator, WGS 84)
The Hudson Canyon begins on the outer continental shelf off the east coast of the United States at about 100-meters (m) water depth and extends offshore southeastward across the continental slope and rise. A multibeam survey was carried out in 2002 to map the bathymetry and backscatter intensity of the sea floor of the Hudson Canyon and adjacent slope and rise. The survey covered an area approximately 205 kilometers (km) in the offshore direction, extending from about 500 m to about 4,000 m water depth, and about 110 km in the alongshore direction, centered on the Hudson Canyon. The sea floor was mapped using a SeaBeam Instruments 2112 multibeam echosounder aboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ship Ronald H. Brown. Maps derived from the multibeam observations show sea-floor bathymetry and backscatter intensity (a measure of sea floor texture and roughness), geomorphic provinces, and sea-floor environments (Butman and others, 2006). The sea floor was mapped by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with Rutgers University and with support from NOAA.
Data measuring avian influenza infection, mercury concentration, and body condition in wild waterfowl
These data represent mercury contamination, influenza infection, and body condition in 11 species of dabbling and diving ducks in the Pacific Flyway. These data support a USGS lead scientific publication.
Male sea turtle telemetry (2009-2020) reveals high overlap with anthropogenic threats in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean
This dataset contains cumulative threat data for several species of male sea turtles tagged with satellite tags between 2009 and 2020. It contains information on species, capture date, days during tracking spent in marine protected areas, shipping lanes, near the coast, near oil rigs, and within known fishing operations. This dataset thus allows estimation of threat levels from these anthropogenic pressures for sea turtles tagged in different study sites in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean.
Nitrogen loads, yields, and associated field data collected during baseflow conditions and site attributes for small basins draining to Long Island Sound
During the spring and summer of 2022, the U.S. Geological Survey collected water-quality samples for nutrient analysis at 45 stations across the state of Connecticut and adjacent areas of New York and Rhode Island to better understand the groundwater discharge component of nitrogen loading to the Long Island Sound. The targeted stations were located in small drainage basins (less than 50 square kilometers) in the southern portion of the Long Island Sound watershed. Sites were selected randomly from groups based on expected drivers or controls on baseflow nitrogen loads. Factors used in the grouping included four metrics calculated for the upstream watershed: percent impervious cover, septic system density, percent agricultural or turf grass land cover, and percent coarse-grained stratified sediments. The water-quality samples and instantaneous discharge measurements were collected under baseflow conditions during two separate synoptic sampling events, one in the nongrowing season (April 2022) and one in the growing season (June and July 2022). Instantaneous discharge measurements were collected in addition to water-quality samples to enable the calculations of nitrogen loads and yields. The water-quality samples were analyzed for physical properties and concentrations of chloride, nutrient species, and dissolved organic carbon; some analyses were performed past analytical method holding times. This data release includes site characteristics and geospatial data for potential and final (selected) sites, as well as field data, analytical results, and calculated nitrogen loads and yields for the final sites. Column names, units and descriptions are provided in data_dictionary.txt and a lookup table for method codes is provided in MethodLookupTable.txt. Note that many station identifiers (site_no) have a leading "0" that should be retained.
Nutrient and phytoplankton data indicate poor environmental health in four oxbow lakes in central Louisiana suggesting that long-term agriculture practices and increases in shoreline development have accelerated eutrophication. Surface-water quality and phytoplankton indicators of eutrophication were examined at Lake Bruin, Lake St. John, Lake St. Joseph, and False River Lake along an eutrophication gradient. These oxbow lakes are cut-off meanders of the Mississippi River that do not receive overbank flow from the river due to the levee system built in the early twentieth century. Oxbows have formed at various times in the last few hundred years as the Mississippi River carves a more efficient hydrologic route to the Gulf of Mexico and exhibit a succession of stages in lake evolution, from deep and oligotrophic to shallow and eutrophic. Water-quality samples were collected three times per year: once in late spring, once in late summer-early fall, and once in winter. Water samples were analyzed for major ions, nutrients, suspended sediments, pesticides, dissolved organic carbon, and chlorophyll. At each site, physiochemical properties (water temperature, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and pH) were recorded at multiple depths within a single vertical profile. Phytoplankton community samples and cyanotoxin samples were collected from the photic zone at the time of water-quality sample collection at one site per lake. This data release provides water quality profile and phytoplankton data for these lakes.
Specific conductance: Yellowstone River at Corwin Springs, USGS Gage 06191500
Measuring the thermal output of Yellowstone’s large magmatic system is not straightforward, as there are thousands of thermal features spread across 3470 square miles. One way to capture and integrate the contributions from this broad area is to monitor river chemistry, because thermal water discharge eventually enters a nearby river, which acts as a collection and delivery system. Nearly all the chloride in rivers that drain Yellowstone comes from emerging hot spring water heated underground by underlying magma. Monitoring river chemistry is therefore an important way to track the behavior and overall changes in Yellowstone’s hydrothermal system. By monitoring the chloride flux, the hydrothermal discharge and heat flux from Yellowstone can be estimated and variations (both short- and long-term) can be used to identify changes in the deep hydrothermal system, earthquake activity, geyser eruptions, and other natural events (like floods and the impacts of wildfire). The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Park Service (NPS) have collaborated on Cl flux monitoring of the major rivers since the 1970s. In the past, researchers collected water samples from the major rivers in YNP, but funding restrictions, winter conditions, and the great distances between sites limited the number of samples collected annually. Beginning in 2010, specific conductance, which is relatively easy to measure and can be automated, has been used as a proxy for Cl. The use of specific conductance probes at the various monitoring sites enables a more consistent estimation of Cl flux. First posted - January 28, 2019 (available from author) Revised - May 6, 2020 (version 2.0; available from author) Revised - May 1, 2025 (version 3.0) NOTE: While previous versions are available from the author, all the records in previous versions can be found in version 3.0.
Compilation of in situ and detrital zircon U-Pb ages for the Jurassic-Paleocene North American Cordillera (28-50 degrees north)
This document includes two suites of zircon U-Pb ages that help to characterize the magmatic and sedimentary history of the North American Cordillera between ~28 and 50 degrees north. The first dataset is a compilation of published zircon U-Pb ages of igneous rocks associated with the Mesozoic-Cenozoic North American Cordilleran arc. The compilation of igneous zircon data includes 1,492 U-Pb ages from the Peninsular Ranges, Sierra Nevada, Idaho, Boulder, and Coast Mountains batholiths, as well as spatially and temporally associated igneous bodies. The second dataset is a compilation of published detrital zircon U-Pb ages from Jurassic to Paleocene strata preserved in forearc and foreland basins of the North American Cordillera. The compilation of detrital zircon data includes 101,595 U-Pb ages from 827 detrital zircon samples.
Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) 2018 Site 0660 land-water classification data
Wetland restoration efforts conducted by the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) in Louisiana rely on monitoring efforts to determine the efficacy of these efforts. The Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) was developed to assist in a multiple-reference approach that uses aspects of hydrogeomorphic functional assessments and probabilistic sampling for monitoring. The CRMS program includes a suite of approximately 398 sites that encompass the range of hydrological and ecological conditions for each stratum. As part of CRMS, land and water classifications are created from Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangles (DOQQs) approximately every three years at all CRMS sites. A DOQQ is a raster image in which displacement in the image caused by sensor orientation and terrain relief has been removed and combines the image characteristics of a photo with geometric qualities of a map. The DOQQs generated for this project consist of 2018 Color Infrared (CIR) Digital Imagery. These images were classified into land and water categories using a threshold of the near infrared (NIR) band, followed by supervised and unsupervised classification. Initial classification results are then reviewed by multiple image analysts to identify and manually recode errors. The final land-water classifications are intended to serve as both geographic and quantitative assessments of landscape composition on the date of acquisition. Four previous assessments have been conducted (2005, 2008, 2012, and 2015/2016). Once the program creates enough data points for statistical analyses, these data will be used for land area change rate calculation.
Hydrologic Data Sites for Duchesne County, Utah
This map shows the USGS (United States Geologic Survey), NWIS (National Water Inventory System) Hydrologic Data Sites for Duchesne County, Utah. The scope and purpose of NWIS is defined on the web site: http://water.usgs.gov/public/pubs/FS/FS-027-98/
Estimated Thickness of the Lower Miocene 1 Sequence, Gulf Coast
The thickness contours were created using biostratigraphic data in the Paleo-Data, Inc., Tenroc Regional Geologic Database. The depths of the microfossil locations were associated with the wells data provided by the Louisiana Department of Natural Resources. Because of the proprietary nature of the Tenroc database, no actual data can be shown and only those data points contained in the Louisiana State wells database are included in the control points layer. Contouring was accomplished in Dynamic Graphics, Inc., EarthVision modeling software (v.5) using minimum tension gridding. Three custom programs were used to convert contour lines generated from grids in EarthVision to Arc/Info coverages and then to shapefiles. The data are provided as both lines and polygons (lm1thicklg.shp and lm1thickpg.shp), and the public wells that penetrate the entire thickness of the Lower Miocene 1 sequence are provided in a point shapefile (lm1thickptg.shp). These datasets contain basic data and interpretations developed and compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey's Framework Studies and Assessment of the Gulf Coast Project. Other major sources of data include publicly available information from state agencies as well as publications of the U.S. Geological Survey and other scientific organizations. In cases where company proprietary data were used to produce various derivatives such as contour surfaces, the source is cited but the data are not displayed.
Spreadsheet of fitted historical precipitation depths at 170 NOAA Atlas 14 stations in central and south Florida derived from the Analog Resampling and Statistical Scaling Method by Jupiter Intelligence using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (JupiterWRF) downscaled climate dataset (DDF_JupiterWRF_historical.xlsx)
The South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) and the U.S. Geological Survey have developed projected future change factors for precipitation depth-duration-frequency (DDF) curves at 174 NOAA Atlas 14 stations in central and south Florida. The change factors were computed as the ratio of projected future to historical extreme precipitation depths fitted to extreme precipitation data from various downscaled climate datasets using a constrained maximum likelihood (CML) approach. The change factors correspond to the period 2050-2089 (centered in the year 2070) as compared to the 1966-2005 historical period. A Microsoft Excel workbook is provided which tabulates fitted historical precipitation depths derived from the Analog Resampling and Statistical Scaling Method by Jupiter Intelligence using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (JupiterWRF) at grid cells closest to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Atlas 14 stations in central and south Florida. The historical extreme precipitation depths are fitted to extreme precipitation data using a maximum likelihood approach and tabulated by duration (1 day) and return period (5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 years).
Fish sampling data in La Grange Pool of the Illinois River during 2015 to determine largemouth bass and silver carp population size structure and size-selective largemouth bass piscivory
Dataset contains sampling information (site, location, and date of sampling) for largemouth bass and silver carp captured in La Grange Pool of the Illinois River during 2015 used to determine the population size structure of both species for analyzing size-specific feeding of largemouth bass on young-of-year and Age-1 silver carp. The dataset also contains information on fish prey items found in largemouth bass stomachs for diet analysis.
Conceptual marsh units of Atlantic-facing New Jersey salt marshes
This data release contains coastal wetland synthesis products for the Atlantic-facing New Jersey salt marshes. Metrics for resiliency, including the unvegetated to vegetated ratio (UVVR), marsh elevation, and tidal range, are calculated for smaller units delineated from a digital elevation model, providing the spatial variability of physical factors that influence wetland health. The U.S. Geological Survey has been expanding national assessment of coastal change hazards and forecast products to coastal wetlands with the intent of providing federal, state, and local managers with tools to estimate the vulnerability and ecosystem service potential of these wetlands. For this purpose, the response and resilience of coastal wetlands to physical factors need to be assessed in terms of the ensuing change to their vulnerability and ecosystem services.
Digital Orthorectified Aerial Image of Cottonwood Lake Study Area Wetland T2 from 1981
Orthorectified image from aerial photograph of wetland T2 in the Cottonwood Lake Study Area, Stutsman County, North Dakota. This image is part of a collection of photographs of the study area acquired during July and early August from 1975 to 2015.
St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands—Seafloor elevation change in Maui, St. Croix, St. Thomas, and the Florida Keys
Coral reefs serve as natural barriers that protect adjacent shorelines from coastal hazards such as storms, waves and erosion but projections indicate global degradation of coral reefs due to anthropogenic impacts and climate change will cause a transition to net erosion by mid-century. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted research to quantify the combined effect of all constructive and destructive processes on modern coral reef ecosystems by measuring regional-scale changes in seafloor elevation. USGS staff assessed five coral reef ecosystems in the Atlantic Ocean (Upper and Lower Florida Keys), Caribbean Sea (U.S. Virgin Islands: Saint Thomas and Buck Island, St. Croix), and Pacific Ocean (Maui, Hawaii), including both coral-dominated and adjacent, non-coral dominated habitats. Scientists used historical bathymetric data from the 1930s to 1980s and contemporary light detection and ranging (lidar) digital elevation models (DEMs) from the late 1990s to 2000s to calculate changes in seafloor elevation for each study site over time periods reflecting low to high anthropogenic impacts. STC_ElevationChange.zip contains the location, elevation, and elevation change data for Buck Island-St.Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Using these changes in elevation, further analysis was done to calculate corresponding changes in seafloor volume for all study areas and habitat types within each site.
National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project - Uinta-Piceance Province (020) Tabular Datasets
This dataset comprises a collection of tabular data and graphical images supporting the U.S. Geological Survey's National Oil and Gas Assessment (NOGA) for Uinta-Piceance Province (020). The dataset includes detailed information on crude oil and natural gas production, including volumetric and descriptive data such as cumulative production, remaining reserves, and known recoverable volumes. Historical data covering field-discovery dates, well completion dates, exploration objectives, and well depths are also provided. Data sources include commercial databases along with supplemental information from various federal and state agencies. No proprietary data is included in this. The dataset is presented in multiple formats, including .pdf files for graphical images and .tab files for tabular data, encompassing eco-regional, federal land, ownership parcels, and state-wise data distributions.
Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) 2018 Site 6302 land-water classification data
Trends in 7-day-low streamflows at 174 USGS streamflow gages in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, Mid-Atlantic U.S.
This data set contains U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgage identification numbers, begin and end years of the periods of streamflow record tested, Sen slope trends in the annual minimum 7-day streamflow for the period of record tested, the p-values (significance) of the trends, and the trend Sen slopes standardized by the standard deviations of the residual errors defined as the difference between observations and the Sen slope lines, for 174 USGS streamgages with 56 to 75 years of record in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, Mid-Atlantic U.S.
Chemical analyses and precipitation depth data for wet deposition samples collected as part of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program in the Colorado Front Range, 2017-2019
The USGS Precipitation Chemistry Quality Assurance Project (PCQA) conducts research using the infrastructure of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) National Trends Network (NTN). Beginning in December 2016, the PCQA installed and began operating NTN monitoring sites in the Denver-Boulder metropolitan area to study urban reactive nitrogen wet deposition. Precipitation depth data are collected at 15-minute intervals using electronically recording precipitation gages, and weekly composite samples are obtained using automated mechanical collectors. The precipitation depth data are summarized into daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual records. The samples are analyzed by the NADP Central Analytical Laboratory per NADP Stanadard Operating Procedures and methods. The NADP Program Office delivered the sample analysis results to the USGS by email, which included parameters and censored sample data that are not available on the NADP web site for public access. Measured parameters include precipitation depth, pH, hydrogen ion concentration (from pH), specific conductance, and ion concentrations for calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate. Less than 5% of the samples are for extended durations greater than 7 days when equipment failed due to extreme weather conditions and associated power or mechanical failures, and these samples are flagged accordingly by NADP. Aliquots of some of the wet-deposition samples were analyzed for stable isotopes of nitrogen and oxygen in the nitrate molecules by the USGS Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory (2017) and the University of Pittsburgh Stable Isotope Laboratory (2019). The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Hybrid Single Particle Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) Model was used to track sources of air pollution that was washed from the atmosphere and into the sample collectors. The HYSPLIT model used the EDAS meteorological data set (NOAA archives) to estimate 24-hour back trajectories at 100m, 500m, and 750m above the land surface. Azimuths of the back trajectories for the starting time of each precipitation event and subsequent times separated by at least 6 hours, were estimated manually within approximately +(-)10 degrees, and these were precipitation weighted to compute overall azimuths for the weekly composite samples. The stable isotope values and back trajectory azimuths are only available in this data release. This data release contains chemical analyses for composite wet-deposition samples and associated daily and weekly precipitation depth data and 24-hour air parcel back trajectory azimuth estimates for locations in the Denver-Boulder, Colorado metropolitan area and nearby Front Range foothills. These data are provided in support of planned research studies conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, University of Colorado, Colorado State University, Texas A&M University, and other colleagues. Most of these data are for urban sites, which are not considered to be regionally representative. The NADP does not always allow open access to the urban site data, and they must be obtained by contacting the NADP with a special data request. Negative values for concentrations indicate analyses below analytical detection limits whereby the detection limits are obtained by taking the absolute values.
Conservation Planning for the Colorado River in Utah - Density of Native Species for Potential for Natural Recovery Model
This dataset represents the prevalence of native species as mapped along the Colorado River bottomland from the Colorado state line (San Juan and Grand Counties, Utah) to the southern Canyonlands NP boundary, as of September 2010. This mapping was conducted as part of the Colorado River Conservation Planning Project, a joint effort between the National Park Service, The Nature Conservancy, US Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management, and Utah Forestry Fire and State Lands.
Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) 2005, 2008, 2012, and 2016 Site 0329 land-water matrix
Interpretation of the Surficial Geology of Apalachicola Bay and St. George Sound, Florida (SURFICIALGEOLOGY)
These data were collected under a cooperative mapping program between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Coastal Services Center (NOAA\CSC), and the Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR). The primary objectives of this program were to collect marine geophysical data to develop a suite of seafloor maps to better define the extent of oyster habitats, the overall seafloor geology of the bay and provide updated information for management of this resource. In addition to their value for management of the bay's oyster resources, the maps also provide a geologic framework for scientific research and the public. High-resolution bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and seismic profile data were collected over 230 square kilometers of the floor of the bay. The study focused on the Apalachicola Bay and Western St. George Sound portions of the estuary in mostly in depths > 2.0 meters.
Digital elevation models (DEMs) of northern Monterey Bay, California, March 2015
This part of the data release presents digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from bathymetry and topography data of northern Monterey Bay, California collected in March 2015. Bathymetry data were collected using two personal watercraft (PWCs), each equipped with single-beam echosounders and survey-grade global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. Topography data were collected on foot with GNSS receivers mounted on backpacks and with an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) using a GNSS receiver mounted at a measured height above the ground. Additional topography data were collected with a terrestrial lidar scanner. DEM surfaces were produced from all available elevation data using linear interpolation.
Digital map of water-level changes in the High Plains aquifer, Republican River Basin in Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska, 2002 to 2015
The High Plains aquifer extends from south of 32 degrees to almost 44 degrees north latitude and from 96 degrees 30 minutes to 104 degrees west longitude. The aquifer underlies about 175,000 square miles in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. The Republican River Basin is about 25,000 square miles and is located in northeast Colorado, northern Kansas, and southwest Nebraska. The Republican River Basin overlies the High Plains aquifer for 87 percent of the basin area. This dataset consists of a raster of water-level changes for the High Plains aquifer, in the Republican River Basin, 2002 to 2015. This digital dataset was created using water-level measurements from (1) 977 wells, which are located in the Republican River Basin, and (2) 546 wells, which are located within 20 miles outside the boundary of the Republican River Basin. These 1,523 wells were measured in both 2002 and in 2015. The map was reviewed for consistency with the relevant data at a scale of 1:1,000,000.
points, transects, beach width: Barrier island geomorphology and shorebird habitat metrics at 50-m alongshore transects and 5-m cross-shore points: Cape Lookout, NC, 2014
Understanding how sea-level rise will affect coastal landforms and the species and habitats they support is critical for crafting approaches that balance the needs of humans and native species. Given this increasing need to forecast sea-level rise effects on barrier islands in the near and long terms, we are developing Bayesian networks to evaluate and to forecast the cascading effects of sea-level rise on shoreline change, barrier island state, and piping plover habitat availability. We use publicly available data products, such as lidar, orthophotography, and geomorphic feature sets derived from those, to extract metrics of barrier island characteristics at consistent sampling distances. The metrics are then incorporated into predictive models and the training data used to parameterize those models. This data release contains the extracted metrics of barrier island geomorphology and spatial data layers of habitat characteristics that are input to Bayesian networks for piping plover habitat availability and barrier island geomorphology. These datasets and models are being developed for sites along the northeastern coast of the United States. This work is one component of a larger research and management program that seeks to understand and sustain the ecological value, ecosystem services, and habitat suitability of beaches in the face of storm impacts, climate change, and sea-level rise.
Hazard curve data for annual rate of exceedance versus 1.0-second spectral response acceleration
A one-year seismic hazard forecast for the Central and Eastern United States, based on induced and natural earthquakes, has been produced by the U.S. Geological Survey. The model assumes that earthquake rates calculated from several different time windows will remain relatively stationary and can be used to forecast earthquake hazard and damage intensity for the year 2017. This assessment is the first step in developing an operational earthquake forecast for the CEUS, and the analysis could be revised with updated seismicity and model parameters. Consensus input models consider alternative earthquake catalog durations, smoothing parameters, maximum magnitudes, and ground motion estimates, and represent uncertainties in earthquake occurrence and diversity of opinion in the science community. Near some areas of active induced earthquakes, hazard is higher than in the 2014 USGS National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) by more than a factor of 3; the 2014 NSHM did not consider induced earthquakes. In some areas, previously observed induced earthquakes have stopped, so the seismic hazard reverts back to the 2014 NSHM. This data set represents the hazard curves for a grid of points with a spacing of 0.05 degrees in latitude and longitude. It represents the annual rate of exceedance versus 1.0-second spectral response acceleration.
Photogrammetric data collected by drone for hydrogeologic analysis of the Coal Creek beaver-impacted corridor near Crested Butte, Colorado
This page provides access to visual image data and derivative products collected along a beaver-impacted section of Coal Creek on July 31 of 2018. This page may be updated in the future with additional data and analysis related to drone-based imaging.
Data Release: Buttonland Swamp, water data, 2021
A Solinist water logger was used to collect water data at the Crawford Tract section of the Cache River Watershed in Illinois from June 22nd to November 29th of 2021. This data included temperature, pressure, and depth.
AllScenarios_Sediment_Fluxes: Modeling the Effects of Interior Headland Restoration on Estuarine Sediment Transport Processes in a Marine-Dominant Estuary: Delft3D Model Output
The effects of interior headland restoration on estuarine sediment transport processes are assessed through process-based numerical modeling. Three proposed interior headland restoration scenarios in the Grand Bay estuary (Mississippi/Alabama) are modeled using Delft3D (developed by Deltares) to understand impacts on suspended sediment concentrations, bed level morphology and sediment fluxes under present-day conditions and a sea level rise of 0.5 meters (m). Delft3D model output of suspended sediment concentrations (SSC), sediment fluxes, initial and final bed levels, and hydrodynamic data are included in this dataset. Model output from six scenarios (comprised of three restoration (R) alternatives and two sea level (SL) conditions) as forced by 18 climatological wind and wave forcing conditions are included in this data release (Jenkins and others, 2023a). For further information regarding model input generation, set up, and analysis, refer to Jenkins and others (2023b).
Nevada Elk Southern Owyhee Desert Migration Routes
The Southern Owyhee Desert elk herd follows an east-to-west migration pattern (fig. 40), which is unique for Nevada, where migration routes for many ungulate herds follow mountain ranges from the north to the south. A few low use corridors cross Nevada State Route 789, but several medium and high use corridors intersect Nevada State Route 226 and Interstate 11. During the summer, the herd inhabits the northern parts of the Tuscarora and Independence Mountains, which rise from the southeastern part of Owyhee Desert and demarcate the boundary between the Columbia Plateau and the Great Basin desert in northern Nevada. This summer range partially overlaps with the neighboring Y P Desert elk herd, which also has an east-to-west migratory strategy (refer to the “Y P Desert Elk” section in this report). Elevations range from 5,500 ft (1,676 m), where slopes originate at the desert floor, to 8,602 ft (2,622 m) at McCann Creek Mountain in the northern Tuscarora Mountains, and to 10,208 ft (3,111 m) at Jacks Peak in the Independence Mountains. Summer habitats include vegetative communities typical of the Great Basin desert where, historically, mixed shrubland, composed of sagebrush and rabbitbrush, dominates lower elevations and rises into higher elevations, overlapping with mountain brush species such as antelope bitterbrush, western serviceberry, snowbush, communities of quaking aspen, curl-leaf mountain-mahogany, and fir. Although much of the high-elevation vegetative communities remain intact, a long history of wildfires has converted nearly the entire low and midelevation winter ranges in the southern Owyhee Desert from shrublands to herbaceous vegetation communities. Ongoing restoration efforts actively seek to reverse the spread of invasive cheatgrass, stabilize soils, and provide forage to wildlife by seeding sagebrush and native bunch grasses, such as basin wildrye, Idaho fescue, and nonnative, but beneficial, varieties of wheatgrass and Bassia prostrata (prostrate kochia). Small pockets of intact native shrublands and grasslands still exist on the winter range. The most commonly used winter range is in the southern boundary of the Owyhee Desert, but some individuals migrate longer distances to winter in the Little Humboldt River Study Area, which is more varied topographically but has a similar winter range vegetation community. Overall, conversion of habitat from woody to herbaceous plants has benefitted elk in this herd and elsewhere in Nevada (for example, refer to the “Y P Desert Elk” section in this report). Growth for this herd is limited by an annual pulse in spring mortality, which is approximately 20–40 percent of elk each year (C. McKee, Nevada Department of Wildlife, written commun., 2023). Antlerless elk hunts were stopped in 2022, and since then population growth is stable to slightly increasing (T. Allen, Nevada Department of Wildlife, written commun., 2023). These mapping layers show the location of the migration routes for Elk (Cervus canadensis) in the Southern Owyhee Desert population in Nevada. They were developed from 58 migration sequences collected from a sample size of 45 animals comprising GPS locations collected every 1−13 hours.
DS926 Digital surfaces and thicknesses of selected hydrogeologic units of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and parts of Georgia, Alabama, and South Carolina -- Raster surface depicting the top of the regional middle confining unit (base of Upper Floridan aquifer)
Digital surfaces and thicknesses of selected hydrogeologic units of the Floridan aquifer system were developed to define an updated hydrogeologic framework as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Resources Program. This feature class contains a gridded surface depicting the top of the middle confining unit of the FAS in feet relative to NGVD29.
In order to determine the innate microbial community of shale gas reservoirs and how they are impacted by hydraulic fracturing, this study analyzed biomass collected from produced water and rock from hydraulically fractured wells in the Utica Shale. The samples include rock chips from a drill core from one Utica well, produced water from that same Utica well, and produced water from 12 different Utica wells that had been in production between 1-5 years, spanning the oil and gas windows of SE Ohio. The samples were filtered for biomass, extracted, amplified, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform.
Magnetotelluric data from Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Upper Michigan, 2015-2019, station nmn915
This dataset consists of 176 wideband magnetotelluric (MT) stations collected from 2015-2019 across parts of Minnesota, Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) acquired these data as part of regional investigations into the geologic and tectonic framework of the area and to support mineral resource investigations. These data have been used to generate a 3D regional conductivity model of the area. Files included in this publication include measured electric- and magnetic-field time series as well as estimated impedance and vertical-magnetic field transfer functions. The data included here are for MT station nmn915 in the Northern Minnesota survey region. A shapefile with station information for all stations in this dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9G2Y71H.