Overview of OpenAI Crawlers
OpenAI uses web crawlers (“robots”) and user agents to perform actions for its products, either automatically or triggered by user request. OpenAI uses OAI-SearchBot and GPTBot robots.txt tags to enable webmasters to manage how their sites and content work with AI. Each setting is independent of the others – for example, a webmaster can allow OAI-SearchBot in order to appear in search results while disallowing GPTBot to indicate that crawled content should not be used for training OpenAI’s generative AI foundation models. If your site has allowed both bots, we may use the results from just one crawl for both use cases to avoid duplicative crawling. For search results, please note it can take ~24 hours from a site’s robots.txt update for our systems to adjust.
| User agent | Description & details |
|---|---|
| OAI-SearchBot | OAI-SearchBot is for search. OAI-SearchBot is used to surface websites in search results in ChatGPT's search features. Sites that are opted out of OAI-SearchBot will not be shown in ChatGPT search answers, though can still appear as navigational links. To help ensure your site appears in search results, we recommend allowing OAI-SearchBot in your site’s robots.txt file and allowing requests from our published IP ranges below. Full user-agent string: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36; compatible; OAI-SearchBot/1.3; +https://openai.com/searchbot Published IP addresses: https://openai.com/searchbot.json |
| GPTBot | GPTBot is used to make our generative AI foundation models more useful and safe. It is used to crawl content that may be used in training our generative AI foundation models. Disallowing GPTBot indicates a site’s content should not be used in training generative AI foundation models. Full user-agent string: Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; GPTBot/1.3; +https://openai.com/gptbot Published IP addresses: https://openai.com/gptbot.json |
| ChatGPT-User | OpenAI also uses ChatGPT-User for certain user actions in ChatGPT and Custom GPTs. When users ask ChatGPT or a CustomGPT a question, it may visit a web page with a ChatGPT-User agent. ChatGPT users may also interact with external applications via GPT Actions. ChatGPT-User is not used for crawling the web in an automatic fashion. Because these actions are initiated by a user, robots.txt rules may not apply. ChatGPT-User is not used to determine whether content may appear in Search. Please use OAI-SearchBot in robots.txt for managing Search opt outs and automatic crawl. Full user-agent string: Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; ChatGPT-User/1.0; +https://openai.com/bot Published IP addresses: https://openai.com/chatgpt-user.json |
