
I have been "tutoring" Lauren since she was three years old and realized she was behind. I wanted to list here what I did to help her learn her basics. I used to teach preschool as well, so I just started including preschool lesson plans into my life for her.
Colors
Colors are one of the funnest things to teach I think. Because it requires not a lot of additional work than I would normally do. I teach colors through things I would normally do. Here are a couple of examples.
Example 1: Coloring pages. What kid doesn't like to color? Eden is doing it constantly on my walls, so I know she loves it. So when Lauren wanted to color, I wouldn't worry about coloring in the lines (at that point), I would worry about what colors she wants to pick.
At first I would give her a couple of markers/crayons and tell her what colors they were. After many repeats of this, then she would graduate up to three colors and I would give her the ones she could tell me the colors of. This method is challenging at first for a speech delayed child. If there was one she really wanted and was trying to think of the color I would provide the name of the color.
Example 2: When getting her dressed I would pick two pairs of pants and two shirts. And I would have her pick which combination she wanted. Sometimes this created so horrible combinations, but she would have to say, "The blue pants and the brown shirt." To get what she wanted. This took a lot of time.
We spent the better part of a year teaching her colors.
Shapes
At this point I noticed that Lauren really loved Memory games. She loved matching things. She would play memory with glee for a long time. So I made a Shape Memory game. I did it without colors because I didn't initially want the colors to confuse her.
So with this Memory Shape game I would either play:
Matching. (This is what we started with because she didn't know her shapes at all initially.) I would lay out one set and then have her say the name of the matching shape and then lay it on the shape she had just said.
Eventually we moved to....
Memory. She loves this. She cheats a little, but she learned her shapes pretty quickly.