The Valley of Code

1:	Fundamentals
2:	HTML
3:	Tools
4:	Deployment
5:	JavaScript
6:	TypeScript
7:	CSS
8:	DOM and Events
9:	Networking
10:	Browser API
11:	Node.js
12:	Bun
13:	HTTP Servers
14:	Forms
15:	Databases
16:	React
17:	Astro
18:	Libraries and frameworks
19:	Next.js
20:	Game Development
21:	Security
22:	Docker
23:	Python
24:	PHP
25:	Laravel
26:	Go
27:	C
28:	Linux
29:	Swift
30:	Electronics

The Valley of Code

A Flavio Copes project, yes all the 1,664 lessons have been handwritten in over 8 years with passion and sweat, it's not AI slop. Claude Code estimated 5,000 hours of work to write them, that's 2.5 years 24/7.

changelog

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Fundamentals

Welcome to The Valley of Code. Your journey in Software Development starts here. We start with Web Development, but you can also learn other programming languages later. In the fundamentals section you'll learn the basic building blocks of the Internet, the Web and how its fundamental protocol (HTTP) works.

The Internet

The basics of computer networks and protocols, introducing URLs, DNS, TCP, and UDP

0:	Introduction
1:	What is a URL
2:	What is a port
3:	The DNS protocol
4:	The TCP protocol
5:	The UDP protocol

The Web

The key concepts of the web: HTTP, what is a Web browser, and what is a Web server

0:	Introduction
1:	The HTTP protocol
2:	Hyperlinks
3:	What is a Web server
4:	What is a Web browser
5:	Roadmap to learn the Web Platform

HTML

This section covers HTML: how we define content and structure web pages.

HTML Basics

Let's learn the basics of HTML

0:	Introduction
1:	Your first HTML page
2:	Text tags
3:	Attributes
4:	Links
5:	Images
6:	Lists
7:	Head tags
8:	Container tags
9:	Using CodePen
10:	Using VS Code
11:	What is the Doctype

HTML Tables

Learn how to create well-structured, accessible HTML tables for displaying tabular data

0:	Introduction
1:	How to Create HTML Tables
2:	How to Span Rows and Columns in HTML Tables
3:	Using thead, tbody, and tfoot in HTML Tables

HTML Media

Work with images, audio, video, and embedded content using HTML media elements

0:	Introduction
1:	How to Add Images in HTML
2:	How to Create Responsive Images with srcset and picture
3:	How to Embed Audio in HTML
4:	How to Embed Video in HTML
5:	How to Embed External Content with iframe
6:	An in-depth SVG tutorial
7:	The WebP Image Format

HTML Forms

Learn how to create interactive forms to collect user input

0:	Introduction
1:	How to Create HTML Forms
2:	How to Use HTML Text Input Types
3:	How to Validate HTML Forms
4:	How to Use Selection Controls in HTML Forms
5:	How to Use Advanced HTML Input Types

More HTML

Learn semantic HTML, links, Open Graph, favicons, and accessibility

0:	Introduction
1:	How to Use Semantic HTML Container Tags
2:	How to Create Links and Navigation in HTML
3:	How to Use Open Graph Meta Tags
4:	How to Add Favicons to Your Website
5:	Introduction to Web Accessibility

HTML Tips

Small HTML quirks, troubleshooting tips, and practical solutions

0:	Introduction
1:	Preserving white space and line breaks in a string in HTML
2:	HTML, avoid displaying a broken image if the image is not found
3:	The HTML figure tag
4:	Change image source in dark mode
5:	Accept only images in file input
6:	HTML comments
7:	Some useful tricks available in HTML5
8:	How to make an hr invisible
9:	Conditionally set an HTML attribute
10:	An HTML element id is a global variable

Tools

We could do nothing without good tools. In this section I introduce a few very powerful tools you will use every day: VS Code, Git, and GitHub

VS Code

VS Code is a very powerful editor with countless great features and 3rd party extensions to do basically anything

0:	Introduction
1:	The interface
2:	Opening folders
3:	Editing
4:	Search
5:	Source control
6:	Extensions
7:	Themes
8:	Recommended extensions
9:	The command palette
10:	Shortcuts
11:	Customization
12:	Terminal
13:	How to use VS Code

VS Code Tips

A collection of tips, tricks, and advanced techniques to boost your productivity in VS Code

0:	Introduction
1:	Setup and Configuration Tips
2:	Terminal Tips
3:	Editing Tips
4:	Prettier and Auto-Formatting
5:	Language-Specific Settings
6:	Emmet for Faster HTML/CSS
7:	Debugging in VS Code
8:	Fix node modules import errors in VS Code
9:	Fixing TS issues in VS Code - Astro
10:	regex select entire line starting with..

Git

We use Git to save our code in snapshots that we can go back to whenever we want. And it lets people work together on code.

0:	Introduction
1:	Installing Git
2:	Initialize a repository
3:	Commit changes
4:	Branches
5:	Push and pull
6:	Working with a remote
7:	Solving conflicts
8:	.gitignore
9:	How to add a Git remote
10:	How to remove a Git remote
11:	How to set GitHub credentials for macOS

Git Advanced

Master advanced Git techniques including remotes, rebasing, squashing commits, worktrees, submodules, and Git workflows.

0:	Introduction
1:	Working with Remotes
2:	Squashing Commits
3:	Rebase vs Merge
4:	Git Bisect for Debugging
5:	Git Worktrees
6:	Git Submodules
7:	Understanding Detached HEAD
8:	Managing Secrets in Git
9:	Git Workflows and Best Practices
10:	How to push to 2 repositories at the same time and keep them in sync
11:	How to update a Git branch from another branch
12:	Git, detached HEAD
13:	Trigger deploys on Netlify with submodules
14:	A Git Cheat Sheet
15:	Git, squashing vs not squashing
16:	An incomplete list of great Git tutorials
17:	Git, what if you forgot to add a file to a commit?
18:	Git workflow to manage work on multiple branches
19:	How to setup the Git SSH keys

GitHub

GitHub is the de-facto centralized store for anything related to code, based upon Git. Not just that, it is an essential tool in collaboration, project management and deployment workflows.

0:	Introduction
1:	GitHub issues
2:	Social coding
3:	Pull requests
4:	Project management
5:	Comparing changes
6:	Webhooks and integrations
7:	What happens after pushing
8:	Create a GitHub account
9:	Using GitHub desktop
10:	Using Git in VS Code
11:	A developer's introduction to GitHub
12:	How to set up Git and GitHub from Zero
13:	How to authenticate to GitHub using username and password
14:	How to make your first Pull Request on GitHub
15:	Benefits of using Git (and GitHub) as a solo dev

GitHub Advanced

Learn advanced GitHub features including authentication, pull requests, and GitHub Actions for CI/CD.

0:	Introduction
1:	Setting up Git and GitHub from scratch
2:	Authentication methods
3:	Making your first pull request
4:	GitHub Actions for CI/CD

Build Tools

Learn about build tools like Vite, SWC, and Prettier.

0:	Introduction
1:	Vite Tutorial
2:	What is SWC?
3:	Fix error in tsconfig.json "cannot find type definition file for node"
4:	How to fix an error in package.json after installing Prettier
5:	Fix a PostCSS Webpack error ruleSet rules oneOf... etc etc

Notion API

Interact with Notion programmatically using the Notion API.

0:	Introduction
1:	Notion API, how to retrieve the entries in a database
2:	Notion API, select all pages with a specific emoji
3:	Notion API, update a checkbox value in a database
4:	Notion API, update the icon emoji of a page

Tools Tips

Tips and tricks for various developer tools.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to fix the ffmpeg not found error with youtube-dl
2:	How to set up hot reload on Electron
3:	How to disable 1Password in an input field
4:	How to recover lost data from an SD card
5:	Pasting code snippets in Discord
6:	Remove EXIF data from images
7:	Searching for the perfect e-ink writing device
8:	Syntax highlight any block on a Web Page
9:	What is a webhook?
10:	What's the best platform to deploy your projects?
11:	Scraping with Puppeteer
12:	Why use a preview version of a browser?
13:	A practical guide to Homebrew
14:	How to fix the xcrun invalid active developer path error in macOS

macOS

Tips, tricks, and tutorials for macOS power users and developers.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to use the macOS terminal
2:	Productivity gains of using a Mac and an iOS device
3:	A way to set up automations in macOS easily
4:	How to hide a file or folder in macOS Finder
5:	How to install a local SSL certificate in macOS
6:	Reverting a file to a previous version, on a Mac
7:	Take screenshots as JPG on macOS
8:	Convert an image or resize it using macOS Shortcuts
9:	Concatenating videos on macOS
10:	Fix files creation date in macOS
11:	Freeing space on a Mac
12:	How to add an “Open in Terminal” icon in macOS Finder
13:	How to add an “Open in VS Code” icon in macOS Finder
14:	How to find the bundle ID of a Mac app
15:	How to Fix the "Your CLT does not support macOS 11" error in macOS
16:	How to play a sound from the macOS command line
17:	How to remove the shadow from window screenshots in macOS
18:	Removing all Homebrew stuff
19:	Run a Node.js script from your macOS menu bar

Deployment

Deployment is the process of putting your code "out there", on the Internet, for everyone else to use. We commonly work on local machines, but when it is time to release, we deploy the code on a service or cloud server.

Netlify

Netlify is a great deployment platform, ideal for simple sites.

0:	Introduction
1:	Create a Netlify account
2:	Deploy to Netlify
3:	A tutorial to host your Static Site on Netlify
4:	Auto trigger deploys on Netlify
5:	Netlify Lambda Functions Tutorial
6:	How to use environment variables in Netlify functions
7:	How to use npm packages in Netlify Functions
8:	How to access query parameters in Netlify functions
9:	How to test Netlify Functions locally
10:	How to use Netlify Edge Functions
11:	How to set up "cloud cron jobs" using Netlify Scheduled Functions
12:	How I fixed the trailing slash in Netlify rewrites
13:	Durable cache on Netlify
14:	How to return HTML from a Netlify function
15:	How to use ES modules in Netlify functions
16:	How to trigger a Netlify-Vercel-Cloudflare Pages redeploy using a link

Vercel

Vercel is a great deployment platform, ideal for more complex sites.

0:	Introduction
1:	Create a Vercel account
2:	Deploy to Vercel

Fly.io

Fly.io is a platform for running full-stack apps and databases close to your users.

0:	Introduction
1:	Run an app on fly.io
2:	Deployment strategy on fly.io
3:	Run PocketBase on fly.io
4:	Deploy to Fly via GitHub action
5:	Fly.io, list all regions available

Railway

Railway is a deployment platform that makes it easy to provision infrastructure and deploy apps.

0:	Introduction
1:	Railway: Effortless Web App Deployments
2:	Using Railway private networking

Firebase

Firebase is a Google platform for building web and mobile applications with hosting, databases, and more.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to start with Firebase Hosting
2:	How to use Firebase Firestore as your database

AWS

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a comprehensive cloud platform with services for storage, computing, and more.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to create an IAM user in AWS
2:	How to make your S3 buckets public

JavaScript

JavaScript is "the Web programming language" because it has one key feature: it is the only language that browsers understand. As a Web developer, it is essential that you learn this language very well.

Basics

The fundamentals of JavaScript

0:	Introduction
1:	Literals, identifiers and variables
2:	Comments
3:	The difference between let, const and var
4:	Types
5:	Operators and expressions
6:	Let's start with arithmetic operators
7:	The assignment operator
8:	Operators precedence
9:	Strings
10:	Numbers
11:	Semicolons, white space and sensitivity

Arrays

Learn how to use arrays in JavaScript

0:	Introduction
1:	Number of items in an array
2:	Create a new array from an existing array
3:	Adding an item to an existing array
4:	Adding at the beginning of an array
5:	Adding multiple items to the array
6:	Removing an item from an array
7:	Modifying an existing array without mutating it
8:	Arrays of arrays
9:	Filling an array
10:	Array destructuring
11:	Check if an array contains a specific value
12:	Array Recipes

Conditionals

Decisions, decisions. Conditionals are how we do something, or something else.

0:	Introduction
1:	Comparison operators
2:	`if` statements
3:	How to use `else`
4:	`switch`
5:	The ternary operator

Loops

Loops are one key control flow structure of any programming language. JavaScript provides quite a few different ways to loop.

0:	Introduction
1:	The `for` loop
2:	The `do-while` loop
3:	The `while` loop
4:	The `for-of` loop
5:	The `for-in` loop
6:	Other kinds of loops

Functions

We separate tiny portions of our code into a function so we can call this function multiple times, move it to a separate file, and much more.

0:	Introduction
1:	Function parameters
2:	Returning values from a function
3:	Arrow functions
4:	Nesting functions
5:	Immediately-invoked functions
6:	Recursive functions

Objects

Objects are a super powerful data structure we use all the time in JavaScript.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to create an object
2:	Object properties
3:	Objects are passed by reference
4:	Methods
5:	Passing objects as function arguments or returning objects from a function
6:	Accessing a property of the object inside a method using `this`
7:	Object destructuring
8:	Cloning objects
9:	Sort an array of objects by a property value
10:	Merging two objects into one
11:	apply, call, bind

Arrays + functions

Combine arrays, a very useful data structure, with the power of functions, to do awesome things.

0:	Introduction
1:	map()
2:	filter()
3:	reduce()
4:	sort()
5:	find() and findIndex()
6:	forEach()

OOP in JS

We learned about objects before. Now let's learn about object-oriented programming.

0:	Introduction
1:	Classes
2:	Class methods
3:	Private class properties
4:	Constructors
5:	Inheritance
6:	Prototypes

Asynchronous

These days you can rarely write a JavaScript program without thinking about asynchronous code. You must understand this deeply.

0:	Introduction
1:	Callbacks
2:	Timers
3:	Promises
4:	Async functions
5:	Chaining promises
6:	Orchestrating promises
7:	Top-level await
8:	Async with array methods
9:	Converting callbacks to async/await

Scope, hoisting, event loop

A bit more advanced concepts, but essentials to know if you want to write programs that run correctly as you want.

0:	Introduction
1:	Global scope
2:	Function scope
3:	Block scope
4:	Shadowing
5:	Hoisting
6:	Closures
7:	An issue with `var` variables and loops
8:	The event loop

ES Modules

Learn how to import functions and variables from other files and libraries

0:	Introduction
1:	Using import and export
2:	.mjs files
3:	Default exports
4:	Multiple exports
5:	Renaming exports
6:	Using the `script` tag

Errors and exceptions

Handling errors and exceptions is how you write programs that never crash badly but always print nice error messages in case something bad happens.

0:	Introduction
1:	Types of errors
2:	Creating exceptions
3:	Handling exceptions
4:	Finally
5:	Nested try blocks

Built-in objects

JavaScript offers a ton of useful function and built-in objects.

0:	Introduction
1:	The global object
2:	Object properties
3:	Number
4:	String
5:	Math
6:	JSON
7:	Date
8:	Intl
9:	Set and Map

More operators

There is an operator for everything. Almost.

0:	Introduction
1:	More assignment operators
2:	Logical operators
3:	Nullish coalescing
4:	Optional chaining
5:	Logical nullish assignment

Strings

Master JavaScript string methods and manipulation techniques.

0:	Introduction
1:	String Basics
2:	Accessing Characters
3:	Searching Strings
4:	Extracting Substrings
5:	Transforming Strings
6:	Modifying Strings
7:	Trimming and Padding
8:	String Recipes
9:	Unicode and UTF-8
10:	Printable ASCII characters list
11:	Non-printable ASCII characters list

Numbers

Number methods and numeric operations in JavaScript

0:	Introduction
1:	Number Basics
2:	Number Validation
3:	Parsing Numbers
4:	Formatting Numbers
5:	Number Recipes
6:	The Binary Number System
7:	Underscores in numbers
8:	The Decimal Number System
9:	Converting Numbers from Decimal to Binary

Advanced JavaScript

Advanced concepts including generators, symbols, proxies, memoization, functional programming, and dynamic imports.

0:	Introduction
1:	Generators
2:	Symbols
3:	Proxy objects
4:	Memoization
5:	Functional programming
6:	Dynamic imports

Dates

Working with dates and times in JavaScript using the Date object and Intl.DateTimeFormat.

0:	Introduction
1:	Date Basics
2:	Getting Date Parts
3:	Date Formatting
4:	Date Math
5:	Date Comparisons
6:	Date Recipes

Data Structures

Learn about arrays, sets, maps, stacks, queues, and linked lists in JavaScript.

0:	Introduction
1:	Arrays
2:	Set
3:	Map
4:	Stack
5:	Queue
6:	Linked Lists

Algorithms

Learn classic algorithms like searching and sorting implemented in JavaScript.

0:	Introduction
1:	Linear Search
2:	Binary Search
3:	Bubble Sort
4:	Selection Sort
5:	Merge Sort
6:	Quicksort
7:	Algorithm Complexity and Big O Notation

Regular Expressions

Master regex patterns for pattern matching and text manipulation.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction
2:	Anchoring
3:	Match Items in Ranges
4:	Matching a Range Item Multiple Times
5:	Negating a Pattern
6:	Meta Characters
7:	Regular Expressions Choices
8:	Quantifiers
9:	Optional Items
10:	Groups
11:	Capturing Groups
12:	Using match and exec Without Groups
13:	Noncapturing Groups
14:	Flags
15:	Inspecting a Regex
16:	Escaping
17:	String Boundaries
18:	Replacing
19:	Greediness
20:	Lookaheads
21:	Lookbehinds
22:	Unicode
23:	Unicode Property Escapes
24:	Examples

ECMAScript History

The evolution of ECMAScript from ES6/ES2015 through ES2019, covering all major features introduced in each version.

0:	Introduction
1:	What is ECMAScript
2:	ES6 / ES2015 Features
3:	ES2016 Features
4:	ES2017 Features
5:	ES2018 Features
6:	ES2019 Features

Common Errors

Learn to recognize and fix common JavaScript errors like "is not a function", "document is not defined", and module-related issues.

0:	Introduction
1:	"X is not a function" errors
2:	"document is not defined" error
3:	Cannot assign to read only property
4:	Parse failure: Unterminated string constant
5:	FormData multipart fetch issues
6:	regeneratorRuntime is not defined
7:	Unexpected identifier in modules
8:	Unterminated string literal

JavaScript Recipes

Practical tips and solutions for common JavaScript tasks: random numbers, async patterns, URL encoding, destructuring, and regex.

0:	Introduction
1:	Generate Random Numbers in a Range
2:	Get Index in for...of Loop
3:	Unlimited Function Parameters
4:	Return Result from Async Function
5:	Encode and Decode URLs
6:	Destructuring Tips
7:	Number Formatting
8:	Regex Recipes
9:	Dynamic function name in JS

JavaScript Concepts

Fundamental JavaScript concepts: sync vs async, primitives vs objects, type systems, module systems, SPAs, and JavaScript engines.

0:	Introduction
1:	Synchronous vs Asynchronous
2:	Primitive types vs Objects
3:	Loosely vs Strongly typed
4:	CommonJS module system
5:	What is a Single Page Application?
6:	V8 and JavaScript engines
7:	JSONP: The predecessor to CORS
8:	Finite State Machines

JavaScript Runtimes

Explore JavaScript runtimes and related technologies: Deno as a modern Node.js alternative, and WebAssembly for running other languages in the browser.

0:	Introduction
1:	Deno
2:	WebAssembly

TypeScript

0:	Introduction
1:	Your first TypeScript program
2:	Types
3:	Typing functions
4:	The editor helps you with type errors
5:	Running TypeScript code
6:	Valid types
7:	Type aliases and interfaces
8:	Union types
9:	Typing arrays with generics
10:	The DX of editing TypeScript
11:	There's more...
12:	TypeScript declare a type that can be a string or array of strings
13:	TypeScript, disable checks for `declared but its value is never read`
14:	Object destructuring with types in TypeScript
15:	TypeScript Tutorial
16:	Zod: Type-Safe Schema Validation for TypeScript
17:	How I fixed some trouble importing types in .d.ts files

CSS

This section covers CSS: how we style content and create beautiful layouts.

CSS Basics

Let's learn the basics of CSS

0:	Introduction
1:	Colors
2:	More selectors
3:	Cascade
4:	Specificity
5:	Units
6:	Advanced selectors
7:	Typography
8:	The box model
9:	The display property
10:	Responsive design
11:	Create a simple design
12:	The CSS Guide

CSS Grid

CSS Grid is the best way to organize content on a, guess what, grid.

0:	Introduction
1:	grid-template-columns and grid-template-rows
2:	Setting columns and rows dimensions
3:	Gap between the cells
4:	Span items on multiple columns and/or rows
5:	Minimum row width
6:	Layout using grid-template-areas
7:	Example: simple grid layout
8:	Example: grid layout with header, sidebar, content and footer

Flexbox

If you need to organize items in a single row, on a single column, you might prefer using Flexbox over Grid.

0:	Introduction
1:	Align rows or columns
2:	Vertical and horizontal alignment
3:	Wrap
4:	Moving items before / after another one using order
5:	Vertical alignment using align-self
6:	Grow or shrink an item if necessary
7:	Create a layout using Flexbox
8:	How to have a flex child not fill entire height

Positioning

We can use different positioning strategies in CSS. It is important you know them all well.

0:	Introduction
1:	Relative positioning
2:	Absolute positioning
3:	Fixed positioning
4:	Sticky positioning

Animations

Learn CSS transforms, transitions, and animations to create engaging visual effects and interactive UI elements.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to Use CSS Transforms (2D and 3D)
2:	How to Create Smooth CSS Transitions
3:	How to Create CSS Animations with Keyframes
4:	How to continuously rotate an image using CSS
5:	Compare the options for Animations on the Web

CSS Selectors

Master CSS selectors including attribute selectors, pseudo-classes, and pseudo-elements

0:	Introduction
1:	How to Use Basic CSS Selectors
2:	How to Use CSS Attribute Selectors
3:	How to Use CSS Pseudo-Classes
4:	How to Use CSS Pseudo-Elements

CSS Box Model

Understand the CSS box model, box-sizing, margins, padding, and borders

0:	Introduction
1:	Understanding the CSS Box Model
2:	How to Use CSS Box Sizing
3:	How to Use CSS Margin
4:	How to Use CSS Padding
5:	How to Style CSS Borders

CSS Visual Styling

Learn fonts, typography, colors, backgrounds, filters, units, and calc()

0:	Introduction
1:	How to Work with CSS Fonts
2:	How to Style Text with CSS Typography
3:	How to Use CSS Colors
4:	How to Use CSS Backgrounds
5:	How to Use CSS Filters
6:	How to Use CSS Units
7:	How to Use the CSS calc() Function
8:	How to use Google Fonts
9:	RGB color codes

Tailwind CSS

Tailwind CSS is a library that lets you apply CSS to your project by adding a class to an HTML element rather than writing a CSS rule in a CSS file. It is a very popular technology, I love it, lots of people love it, you might love it too.

0:	Introduction
1:	Box model properties
2:	Colors
3:	Typography
4:	Flexbox and Grid in Tailwind
5:	Modifiers
6:	Responsive design in Tailwind
7:	Apply a style to children with Tailwind
8:	How to fix Unknown at rule @tailwindcss (unknownAtRules) in VS Code
9:	How to align center vertically using Tailwind
10:	How to use custom fonts with Tailwind CSS
11:	Setting up Tailwind CSS on Vite - css
12:	Show-hide an element based on existence of a parent class in Tailwind - css
13:	The Tailwind Cheat Sheet
14:	How to setup Tailwind with PurgeCSS and PostCSS
15:	You can’t generate classes dynamically in Tailwind

More CSS Topics

Advanced CSS topics including custom properties, import, inheritance, and more

0:	Introduction
1:	CSS Variables (Custom Properties)
2:	Importing a CSS file using @import
3:	CSS Inheritance
4:	CSS Comments
5:	CSS Normalizing
6:	The CSS z-index property
7:	The CSS float property and clearing
8:	CSS Feature Queries
9:	How to print your HTML with style
10:	CSS Vendor Prefixes
11:	How to style lists using CSS
12:	Styling HTML Tables with CSS
13:	CSS Error Handling
14:	Introduction to PostCSS

CSS Tips

Short solutions, debugging techniques, and practical CSS tips

0:	Introduction
1:	How to center an element with CSS
2:	CSS Border inside the element
3:	What are good CSS Breakpoint values for Responsive Design?
4:	How to debug CSS by bisecting
5:	How to disable text selection using CSS
6:	How to put an item at the bottom of its container using CSS
7:	CSS, how to select elements that do NOT have a class
8:	How to stick an element on the bottom of the page with flexbox
9:	How to apply padding to multiple lines in CSS
10:	Making a table responsive using CSS
11:	CSS url()
12:	How to make an element smaller or bigger with CSS
13:	Customizing visited links
14:	Fix extra space after inline element
15:	How to create a sidebar that’s sticky but also scrolls
16:	How to embed YouTube videos using the correct aspect ratio
17:	Responsive pre tags in CSS
18:	Responsive YouTube Video Embeds
19:	How to remove all CSS from a page at once
20:	How I added Dark Mode to my website
21:	How to add a simple dark mode

DOM and Events

Using JavaScript we can "hook" into a Web page and change everything about it, and listen for events when something happens, so we can do whatever we want.

The DOM

Learn how to use the DOM APIs with JavaScript.

0:	Introduction
1:	The `window` object
2:	The `document` object
3:	Types of nodes
4:	Traversing the DOM
5:	Editing the DOM
6:	Selectors API
7:	DOM Ready
8:	Add a class to an element
9:	Remove a class from an element
10:	Check if element has a class
11:	Change a DOM node value
12:	Loop through DOM elements
13:	Add an image to the DOM
14:	Create a DOM attribute
15:	Remove children elements
16:	Replace a DOM element
17:	insertAdjacentHTML
18:	Add click events to a list

Browser events

We can listen for any kind of event using JavaScript, including browser-initiated events, or user-initiated events.

0:	Introduction
1:	Handling events
2:	The `DOMContentLoaded` event
3:	The `event` object
4:	Mouse events
5:	Keyboard events
6:	`preventDefault()`
7:	Stopping event propagation
8:	Bubbling and capturing
9:	Form submit event
10:	Input fields events
11:	Creating custom events
12:	Keyboard Events
13:	Mouse Events
14:	Touch Events
15:	Form Events

Networking

The fundamentals of HTTP networking, and how to use fetch(), and Request / Response

HTTP

The protocol of the Web: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

Networking Fundamentals

Learn DNS, TCP, UDP, ports, and CDNs - the building blocks of the Internet.

0:	Introduction
1:	What is a CDN?
2:	DNS, Domain Name System
3:	What is a port
4:	The TCP Protocol
5:	The UDP Protocol

Nginx

Set up Nginx as a web server, reverse proxy, and configure HTTPS.

0:	Introduction
1:	What is a reverse proxy?
2:	How to configure Nginx for HTTPS
3:	A simple nginx reverse proxy for serving multiple Node.js apps from subfolders

Fetch

How to execute network requests using JavaScript. And how to inspect the Request and Response objects.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to use Fetch
2:	Catching errors in network requests
3:	The Response object
4:	Getting the body content
5:	The Request object
6:	Request headers
7:	POST requests

GraphQL

Learn GraphQL, a query language for your API, and a runtime for fulfilling those queries with your existing data.

0:	Introduction
1:	An introduction to GraphQL
2:	GraphQL API vs REST API
3:	How to create a GraphQL Server with Node.js and Express
4:	A complete introduction to Apollo, the GraphQL toolkit
5:	How to authenticate using GraphQL Cookies and JWT

Browser API

Browser APIs give you powerful capabilities to interact with the user, network, files, and more.

Store small pieces of data in the browser

0:	Introduction
1:	Setting cookies
2:	Setting a cookie expiration date
3:	Setting a cookie path
4:	Setting a cookie domain
5:	Cookies security
6:	Updating a cookie
7:	Deleting a cookie
8:	Accessing the value of a cookie
9:	Checking if a cookie exists
10:	Inspecting cookies
11:	Cookie not being set in Safari

Storage

localStorage and sessionStorage APIs

0:	Introduction
1:	Session vs local storage
2:	Setting an item
3:	Getting an item value
4:	Removing an item
5:	Clearing storage
6:	Storage size limits

History API

Navigate and manipulate browser history

0:	Introduction
1:	Navigating the history
2:	Add an entry to the history
3:	Modify history entries
4:	Access the current history entry state
5:	The `popstate` event
6:	The `hashchange` event
7:	Had an issue with bfcache - html - platform

IndexedDB

Client-side database for structured data

0:	Introduction
1:	Loading the idb library
2:	Creating a database and a store
3:	Adding data into a store
4:	Retrieving data from a store
5:	Deleting data
6:	Migrations
7:	Unique keys

Geolocation

Get the user location

0:	Introduction
1:	Getting the user's position
2:	Watching the position for changes
3:	If the user denies the position
4:	Adding more options

Drag and Drop

Implement drag and drop interactions

0:	Introduction
1:	Drop targets
2:	Drag events
3:	Dragging data
4:	Set / get the effect
5:	The data being transferred

File APIs

Work with files, blobs, and form data

0:	Introduction
1:	The File object
2:	FileList
3:	FileReader
4:	Blob
5:	FormData
6:	Accept only images in file input
7:	Check if checkbox is checked
8:	Reset a form
9:	File upload with server handling
10:	Drag and drop file upload
11:	Validating file size before upload

URL API

Parse and manipulate URLs

0:	Introduction
1:	The URL object
2:	URLSearchParams
3:	Get the URL fragment
4:	Set the URL fragment
5:	The Navigator object

Networking

Fetch API, XHR, CORS, and Streams

0:	Introduction
1:	The Fetch API
2:	XMLHttpRequest
3:	CORS
4:	Streams API

Binary Data

ArrayBuffer, TypedArrays, and DataView

0:	Introduction
1:	ArrayBuffer
2:	ArrayBufferView
3:	Typed Arrays
4:	DataView
5:	Data URLs

Web Workers

Run JavaScript in background threads

0:	Introduction
1:	Web Workers
2:	BroadcastChannel API
3:	Channel Messaging API
4:	requestAnimationFrame

PWA & Service Workers

Build offline-capable progressive web apps

0:	Introduction
1:	Progressive Web Apps
2:	Service Workers
3:	Cache API
4:	Making a website work offline
5:	Notifications API
6:	Push API
7:	Unregister service workers in Safari - platform - js - mac

Media & WebRTC

Access camera, microphone, and real-time communication

0:	Introduction
1:	getUserMedia
2:	WebRTC
3:	What to do if WebRTC on iOS shows a black box

UI APIs

Clipboard, scrolling, speech, and console

0:	Introduction
1:	Clipboard API
2:	Scrolling
3:	Console API
4:	Speech Synthesis API
5:	How to get the scroll position of an element in JavaScript
6:	How to make a page editable in the browser
7:	Safari, warn before quitting

Web Components

Build reusable custom HTML elements

0:	Introduction
1:	Custom Elements

DOM Recipes

Practical DOM manipulation recipes and tips

0:	Introduction
1:	Hiding and showing elements
2:	Check if element is descendant
3:	Change colors/styles dynamically
4:	DOM timing and when elements are ready
5:	stopPropagation vs preventDefault
6:	How to detect adblockers
7:	Creating exit intent popups

Canvas API

Draw graphics, images, and text using the HTML Canvas API

0:	Introduction
1:	Getting started with HTML Canvas
2:	Loading and drawing images on canvas
3:	Writing text on canvas

Node.js

Node.js is the foundational runtime for server-side JavaScript. It was the one that created everything back in 2009 and remains the most popular choice for running JavaScript on the server.

Introduction

Get started with Node.js: what it is, when to use it, and how it differs from browser JavaScript.

0:	Introduction
1:	Installing Node.js on your computer
2:	How to write your first Node.js program
3:	Importing other files
4:	Using npm to install packages
5:	Using built-in modules
6:	How to use the Node.js REPL
7:	Reading files with Node
8:	Writing files with Node
9:	Build an HTTP Server
10:	The Node Event emitter
11:	How to read environment variables from Node.js
12:	Node Buffers
13:	Node.js Streams
14:	How to use promises and await with Node.js callback-based functions
15:	Modern package managers (pnpm and Bun)

Working with Files

Learn how to work with the file system in Node.js: reading, writing, creating, and managing files and folders.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to check if a file exists in Node.js
2:	How to create an empty file in Node.js
3:	How to get the names of all the files in a folder in Node
4:	How to get the last updated date of a file using Node.js
5:	How to remove a file with Node.js
6:	How to write a JSON object to file in Node.js
7:	How to empty a folder in Node.js
8:	Working with file descriptors in Node
9:	Node File Paths
10:	Node file stats
11:	Working with folders in Node
12:	How to use the Node.js fs module with async/await
13:	How to get the current folder in Node
14:	How to get the file extension in Node.js from the MIME type
15:	How to get the file extension in Node.js
16:	How to list files in a folder in Node
17:	How to mass rename files in Node.js
18:	Node.js get all files in a folder recursively
19:	Incrementing multiple folders numbers at once using Node.js
20:	Save some text to a file in Node.js

CLI and Process Management

Build command-line tools with Node.js, handle arguments, spawn child processes, and manage program execution.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to execute a shell command using Node.js
2:	How to spawn a child process with Node.js
3:	Node, accept arguments from the command line
4:	Accept input from the command line in Node
5:	How to log an object in Node
6:	Output to the command line using Node
7:	How to exit from a Node.js program

HTTP and Networking

Make HTTP requests, create web servers, and handle networking in Node.js.

0:	Introduction
1:	Run a web server from any folder
2:	HTTP requests in Node using Axios
3:	Make an HTTP POST request using Node
4:	Making HTTP requests with Node
5:	Get HTTP request body data using Node
6:	Serve an HTML page using Node.js
7:	Using WebSockets with Node.js

npm

Master npm: installing packages, managing dependencies, understanding package.json, and working with the npm ecosystem.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to use or execute a package installed using npm
2:	npm dependencies and devDependencies
3:	How to fix the "Missing write access" error when using npm
4:	npm can install packages in the parent folder
5:	Install an older version of an npm package
6:	Find the installed version of an npm package
7:	How to test an npm package locally
8:	npm global or local packages
9:	What are peer dependencies in a Node module?
10:	`npm run dev` is a long-running program
11:	Semantic Versioning using npm
12:	Uninstalling npm packages with `npm uninstall`
13:	An introduction to the npm package manager
14:	The npx Node Package Runner
15:	The package.json guide
16:	The package-lock.json file
17:	What is pnpm?
18:	Should you commit the node_modules folder to Git?
19:	Update all the Node dependencies to their latest version
20:	Where does npm install the packages?
21:	Bumping Node.js dependencies
22:	Run package.json scripts upon any file changes in a folder

ES Modules

Use ES Modules (import/export) in Node.js, migrate from CommonJS, and handle common module issues.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to fix "cannot use import statement outside a module"
2:	How to fix "__dirname is not defined in ES module scope"
3:	How to fix the error "unexpected token "{". import call expects exactly one argument"
4:	How to enable ES Modules in Node.js
5:	How to use .env files in Node.js with import syntax
6:	How to use import in Node.js
7:	Expose functionality from a Node file using exports

Core Concepts

Understand Node.js fundamentals: event loop, process.nextTick, and how it differs from browser JS.

0:	Introduction
1:	The Node Core Modules
2:	Differences between Node and the Browser
3:	Node, the difference between development and production
4:	The Node.js Event Loop
5:	A brief history of Node.js
6:	Understanding process.nextTick()
7:	Understanding setImmediate()
8:	How to check the current Node.js version at runtime
9:	Why should you use Node.js in your next project?
10:	Introduction to Node.js

Built-in Modules

Master Node.js built-in modules: events, fs, http, os, and path.

0:	Introduction
1:	The Node events module
2:	The Node fs module
3:	The Node http module
4:	The Node os module
5:	The Node path module

Setup and Installation

Install Node.js, manage versions, and configure runtime options.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to fix the Homebrew error `Permission denied @ apply2files`
2:	How to update Node.js
3:	How to install Node.js
4:	The Node.js Runtime v8 options list
5:	Ubuntu how to upgrade Node.js

Debugging

Debug Node.js apps with DevTools, handle exceptions, and fix common errors.

0:	Introduction
1:	Fix Node.js imports types errors in VS Code
2:	referenceerror: window is not defined, how to solve
3:	Use the Chrome DevTools to debug a Node.js app
4:	Error handling in Node.js
5:	How to solve the `util.pump is not a function` error in Node.js

Tips

Practical tips for common Node.js tasks: email, CSV, uploads, and more.

0:	Introduction
1:	Axios crashes the Node.js process when the request fails
2:	How to set up a cron job that runs a Node.js app
3:	How to get both parsed body and raw body in Express
4:	Interact with the Google Analytics API using Node.js
5:	How to bulk convert file names using Node.js
6:	How to deep copy JavaScript objects using structuredClone
7:	How to handle file uploads in Node.js
8:	How to send an email using nodemailer
9:	Logging all the requests coming through an Express app
10:	How to upload an image to S3 using Node.js
11:	How to read a CSV file with Node.js
12:	How to set the current working directory of a Node.js program
13:	How to upload files to S3 from Node.js
14:	How to write a CSV file with Node.js
15:	Where to host a Node.js app
16:	Parsing JSON with Node.js
17:	nodemailer, how to embed an image into an email
18:	The Pug Guide
19:	Restarting a Node process without file changes
20:	How to use Sequelize to interact with PostgreSQL

Image Processing

Work with images in Node.js: Canvas, image manipulation, optimization, and data URIs.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to create and save an image with Node.js and Canvas
2:	How to download an image from URL in Node
3:	How to download and save an image using Node.js
4:	How to get an image width and height using Node
5:	How to turn an image into a data URI string
6:	How to download an image using Node.js
7:	How to print a canvas to a data URL
8:	Optimize images from a Node.js script
9:	Calling the ImageOptim macOS app from a Node.js script

Bun

Beyond Node.js, there are other JavaScript runtimes optimized for different use cases. Bun focuses on speed and developer experience.

Bun

Bun is a new runtime for server-side JavaScript, optimized for speed and performance, and developer experience.

0:	Introduction
1:	Installing Bun
2:	Running your first Bun program
3:	Working with packages
4:	Bun's built-in features

HTTP Servers

There are quite a few lightweight libraries/frameworks that build upon Server Runtimes to provide an easy to use set of features to build HTTP servers. We can call them microframeworks too. I picked Hono as the modern, feature-rich one

Express

Express is historically the most popular Node.js framework, and while more modern alternatives exist, it is still a foundational framework you will find all the time, so it is worth learning it

Hono

A server-side lightweight Web Framework similar to Express but with modern features

0:	Introduction
1:	Your first Hono app
2:	The Request object
3:	Send a response to the client
4:	Manage cookies
5:	Work with HTTP headers
6:	Handling redirects
7:	Routing
8:	JSX templates
9:	Middleware
10:	Hono on Node.js

Forms

Of all the HTML tags, forms need their own section because of how important they are.

Forms 101

The basics of building and submitting forms

0:	Introduction
1:	Creating a form
2:	Submitting a form
3:	Receiving the form data
4:	Form validation
5:	More tags useful in forms
6:	Disabled form fields are not POSTed

Form fields

How to use all the built-in form fields you can think of!

0:	Introduction
1:	Form submit field
2:	Specialized input fields
3:	Checkboxes
4:	Radio buttons
5:	File input fields
6:	Textarea
7:	Select
8:	Autocompleting form fields

Forms and JavaScript

How to interact with forms using JavaScript

0:	Introduction
1:	Inspect the value of an item
2:	Listen to events on input fields
3:	Intercepting a form submit event using JavaScript
4:	Redirect to a link when user selects option in a select

Databases

We use databases to store and retrieve data dynamically. In this section we'll talk about relational databases, NoSQL databases, and ORMs.

Database Theory

Understand the theoretical foundations of databases: data models, entity-relationship diagrams, and relational algebra.

0:	Introduction
1:	Information systems, data and information
2:	Data models
3:	What is a Database? And a DBMS?
4:	Introduction to the ER Data Model
5:	The Relational Model
6:	Relational Databases
7:	Relational Algebra
8:	Introduction to SQL
9:	Do you always need a database for your app?

SQL

Introduction to SQL, the language we use to talk to a relational database.

0:	Introduction
1:	Using TablePlus
2:	Create a Postgres database
3:	Create a new table
4:	Add data to a table
5:	Query data with SELECT
6:	Delete data from the database
7:	Update data with UPDATE
8:	Null constraints
9:	Unique and primary keys
10:	Updating a table structure
11:	Joins
12:	SQL Views
13:	SQL, copy data from one table to another

SQLite

SQLite is a lightweight, file-based database perfect for development and embedded systems.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to install SQLite on macOS
2:	SQLite User Permissions
3:	How to create an empty SQLite database

MySQL

MySQL is one of the most popular open-source relational databases.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to install MySQL on macOS
2:	Creating a user on MySQL
3:	MySQL User Permissions
4:	The basics of working with MySQL and Node

Kysely

Kysely is an awesome library to use SQL easily using JavaScript

0:	Introduction
1:	Installing Kysely
2:	Select queries
3:	Inserting data
4:	Deleting data
5:	Updating data
6:	Joins

Redis

Learn Redis, the popular in-memory key-value store and data structure server

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to Redis
2:	How to install Redis
3:	First steps with Redis
4:	Redis Lists
5:	Using Redis Sets
6:	How to use Redis Sorted Lists
7:	How to use Redis Hashes
8:	Redis Publish/subscribe
9:	How to use Redis from Node.js
10:	How to use Redis from Node.js
11:	First steps with Redis

PostgreSQL

Learn PostgreSQL, one of the most popular open source relational database management systems

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to PostgreSQL
2:	How to install PostgreSQL on macOS
3:	How to create a PostgreSQL database
4:	Navigating Databases in PostgreSQL
5:	PostgreSQL User Permissions
6:	Tables and Data Types
7:	Where to host a PostgreSQL database
8:	PostgreSQL vs MySQL
9:	Troubleshooting PostgreSQL
10:	Vercel Postgres, no transactions?
11:	Set up Lucia Auth for local Postgres DB vs Vercel Postgres
12:	Connect to Postgres local vs Vercel Postgres with Kysely

MongoDB

MongoDB is a popular NoSQL document database for modern applications

0:	Introduction
1:	The MongoDB basics tutorial
2:	How MongoDB is different from a SQL database
3:	How to insert multiple items at once in a MongoDB collection
4:	How to remove all items from a MongoDB collection
5:	How to use MongoDB with Node.js

Prisma

Prisma is a modern ORM for Node.js and TypeScript

0:	Introduction
1:	How to use Prisma
2:	Prisma relations
3:	Using multiple fields for a unique key in Prisma
4:	Prisma, how to reverse order
5:	Prisma, how to clear the database
6:	How to solve the `prisma/client did not initialize yet` error on Vercel

React

React is the most popular JavaScript library for building user interfaces. Learn component-based architecture, hooks, state management, and modern React patterns.

React Basics

Get started with React: components, JSX, events, and the fundamentals.

0:	Introduction
1:	Setting up a React project with Vite
2:	React Components
3:	Introduction to JSX
4:	Using JSX to compose UI
5:	The difference between JSX and HTML
6:	Embedding JavaScript in JSX
7:	Handling user events
8:	Install the React Developer Tools
9:	Getting started with JSX
10:	How to return multiple elements in JSX
11:	How to learn React
12:	Should you use jQuery or React?
13:	React concepts: declarative
14:	The Virtual DOM
15:	The roadmap to learn React
16:	What’s new in React 19
17:	How to install React
18:	The React Fragment
19:	React, how to transfer props to child components
20:	React PropTypes
21:	React DOM events on components
22:	How to pass a parameter to event handlers in React

React Hooks

Master React hooks: useState, useEffect, useContext, useReducer, and more.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to React Hooks
2:	How to use the useState React hook
3:	useEffect React hook, how to use
4:	How to use the useContext React hook
5:	How to use the useReducer React hook
6:	How to use the useCallback React hook
7:	How to use the useMemo React hook
8:	How to use the useRef React hook
9:	Can I use React hooks inside a conditional?
10:	Why does useEffect run two times?
11:	Using useState with an object: how to update
12:	How to reference a DOM element in React

State Management

Props, state, context, data flow, and state management libraries.

0:	Introduction
1:	Managing state
2:	Component props
3:	Data flow
4:	The React Context API
5:	React Concept: Immutability
6:	Props vs State in React
7:	Unidirectional Data Flow in React
8:	Learn how to use Redux
9:	The easy-peasy React state management library

Routing

Client-side routing with React Router.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to React Router
2:	React Router, how to get data from a dynamic route
3:	How to pass props to a child component via React Router
4:	The Reach Router Tutorial
5:	React Router, why useLocation and useHistory might return undefined

Forms

Handle forms, inputs, and form actions in React.

0:	Introduction
1:	Managing forms in React
2:	Form Actions
3:	React, how to make a checked checkbox editable
4:	How I fixed an issue with a React login form state and Browser autofill
5:	How to get the value of an input element in React

Styling

CSS, Sass, styled-components, and Tailwind CSS in React.

0:	Introduction
1:	Installing Tailwind CSS in a React app
2:	CSS in React
3:	Using SASS in React
4:	Styled Components

Patterns

Composition, HOCs, render props, portals, and SSR.

0:	Introduction
1:	React Concept: Composition
2:	React Higher Order Components
3:	React: Presentational vs Container Components
4:	React Render Props
5:	React Portals
6:	Code Splitting in React
7:	Server Side Rendering with React
8:	React Concept: Purity
9:	React StrictMode
10:	Lifecycle events
11:	React, how to dynamically choose a component to render

Debugging

Error handling, debugging, and fixing common errors.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to handle errors in React
2:	Fix the “Objects are not valid as a React child” error
3:	Fix Uncaught Error Objects are not valid as a React child
4:	How to use useEffect callback with event callbacks
5:	How to debug a React application
6:	How to fix the dangerously SetInnerHTML did not match error in React
7:	React, how to fix the TypeError: resolver is not a function error
8:	How to fix the "cannot update a component while rendering a different component" error in React
9:	Testing React components
10:	How to configure HTTPS in a React app on localhost

Tooling

Set up React projects and integrate with tools like Vite and Electron.

0:	Introduction
1:	Using Vite to create a new React app
2:	Create an app with Electron and React
3:	How to connect your React app to a backend on the same origin

JSX Recipes

JSX rendering techniques: conditionals, loops, HTML rendering, and more.

0:	Introduction
1:	How to render HTML in React
2:	Conditional rendering in React
3:	How to loop inside React JSX
4:	React, how to make responsive JSX
5:	How to repeat displaying something in JSX
6:	How to move around blocks of code with React and Tailwind

Component Recipes

Practical component interaction patterns and solutions.

0:	Introduction
1:	React, focus an item in React when added to the DOM
2:	React, edit text on double-click
3:	React: How to show a different component on click
4:	Change the Heroicons SVG stroke width in React

Projects

Hands-on tutorials and example projects to practice React.

0:	Introduction
1:	Build a counter in React
2:	Build a simple counter with React
3:	A React simple app example: fetch GitHub users information via API
4:	Tutorial: create a Spreadsheet using React

Astro

Astro is a modern web framework for building fast, content-focused websites. It supports multiple UI frameworks and ships zero JavaScript by default.

Astro Basics

Get started with Astro: components, pages, layouts, and configuration.

0:	Introduction
1:	Your first Astro site
2:	The structure of an Astro site
3:	Astro components
4:	Adding more pages
5:	Building composable layouts
6:	Astro Props
7:	CSS in Astro
8:	JavaScript in Astro
9:	Access configuration values in components
10:	Astro, when to use .astro or .ts files

Content

Work with Markdown, images, and content collections.

0:	Introduction
1:	Markdown in Astro
2:	Images
3:	Content collections
4:	Embed images in markdown without relative path
5:	Run client-side JS in Astro MDX

Routing & SSR

Dynamic routes, API endpoints, and server-side rendering.

0:	Introduction
1:	Dynamic routing
2:	SSR in Astro
3:	API endpoints in Astro
4:	Prerendering a component in an SSR page
5:	Set cookie and redirect
6:	Render different HTML based on HTTP method
7:	Decide to render a partial or not dynamically in Astro
8:	Fetching data from the network

Integrations

React integration, View Transitions, and htmx.

0:	Introduction
1:	Client-side routing and view transitions
2:	View Transitions and Dark Mode
3:	Adding React Framer Motion animations to an Astro site - react - astro
4:	Use React component in Astro - astro - react
5:	Passing Astro components to React components
6:	htmx and Astro View Transitions
7:	htmx forms and Astro View Transitions

Tips

Forms, headers, middleware, and troubleshooting.

0:	Introduction
1:	Fix .md in links
2:	Moving a simple site to Astro
3:	Astro, fix Form error “Content-Type was not one of…”
4:	Astro page layout and middleware execution order
5:	Astro, set caching headers
6:	Astro, set response header
7:	Deploying an Astro + PostgreSQL app on Railway
8:	Using Astro locals
9:	Using Cloudflare Turnstile on a Astro form
10:	Using reCAPTCHA on a Astro form
11:	Why not write logic in Astro layouts

Libraries and frameworks

UI libraries and tools that help you build interactive web applications with less code.

Alpine.js

Alpine.js is a great library to bring pages to life with client-side interactions, without the need to write a lot of custom JavaScript or use a more heavy UI library.

0:	Introduction
1:	Installing Alpine
2:	The basics of Alpine
3:	Events
4:	Defining data
5:	Looping
6:	Binding user input to variables
7:	Watching variables change
8:	Stores

htmx

Learn this very interesting library that lets you build dynamic Web applications with client/server communication without writing any JavaScript

Remix

Remix is an excellent Web Application Framework I would use when building complex React-based applications.

0:	Introduction
1:	Create your first Remix app
2:	The root route
3:	File based routing
4:	Linking your pages
5:	Styling with CSS and Tailwind
6:	Create a navigation
7:	Dynamic routes and nested routes
8:	Connecting a database
9:	Data mutations using forms and actions
10:	Introduction to Remix

Puppeteer

Automate browser tasks with Puppeteer: screenshots, scraping, and testing.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to Puppeteer
2:	Web Scraping using Node.js and Puppeteer
3:	How to click a link with a specific text with Puppeteer
4:	How to do a screenshot using Puppeteer

Other JavaScript Libraries

Popular JavaScript libraries and tools: jQuery, Axios, Moment.js, SWR, XState, and PeerJS.

0:	Introduction
1:	jQuery
2:	Axios
3:	Moment.js
4:	SWR
5:	XState
6:	PeerJS

Next.js

Next.js is a powerful React framework for building production-ready applications. Learn routing, data fetching, SSR, and deployment.

Next.js (Pages Router)

Build React applications with Next.js using the Pages Router pattern

0:	Introduction
1:	Getting started with Next.js (Pages Router), a tutorial
2:	How to install Next.js
3:	How I set up a Next.js project structure
4:	Linking two pages in Next.js using Link
5:	How to use the Next.js Router
6:	Dynamic content in Next.js with the router
7:	Prefetching content in Next.js
8:	How to programmatically change a route in Next.js
9:	View source to confirm SSR is working in Next.js
10:	Feed data to a Next.js component using getInitialProps
11:	Styling Next.js components using CSS
12:	Next.js: populate the head tag with custom tags
13:	How to use Next.js API Routes
14:	How to get cookies server-side in a Next.js app
15:	Deploying a Next.js application on Now
16:	Deploying a Next.js app in production

Next.js (App Router)

Build modern React applications with the App Router, Server Components, and React 19

0:	Introduction
1:	Server Actions
2:	Next.js, passing an id to a server action
3:	The use hook
4:	use() and data fetching
5:	The useFormStatus Hook
6:	The useOptimistic hook
7:	The useActionState hook
8:	How to get the Request headers in Next.js app router
9:	How to install shadcn-ui on latest Next.js beta-RC

Configuration

Configure and customize your Next.js applications

0:	Introduction
1:	Absolute imports in Next.js
2:	How to change a Next.js app port
3:	Next.js, adding features just to development mode
4:	Next.js how to show something in development and hide in production
5:	Adding a wrapper component to your Next.js app

Optimization

Performance optimization, bundle analysis, and caching strategies

0:	Introduction
1:	How to analyze the Next.js app bundles
2:	The Next.js App Bundles
3:	Lazy loading modules in Next.js
4:	How to run a script build time in Next.js
5:	Next.js: run code only on the server side or client side in Next.js
6:	How to cache data in Next.js globally across all pages at build time

Recipes

Practical solutions for authentication, analytics, forms, and integrations

0:	Introduction
1:	Using the router to detect the active link in Next.js
2:	Next.js Email Authentication using NextAuth
3:	Next.js embed youtube video - next
4:	How to force a page refresh in Next.js
5:	How to add Google Analytics 4 to Next.js
6:	Next.js, how to open a link in a new window
7:	How to parse Markdown in Next.js
8:	How to add ReCaptcha to a Next.js form
9:	How to upload files in a Next.js form

Debugging Next.js

Solutions for common Next.js errors, bugs, and troubleshooting guides

0:	Introduction
1:	Blank page after router.push() in Next.js?
2:	How to fix the error `PrismaClient is unable to be run in the browser` in Next.js
3:	Next.js, blank page after calling `res.redirect()`
4:	Next.js, how to fix the error `Constructor requires 'new' operator`
5:	Next.js, fix the `module not found` error
6:	How to fix the `can't resolve module` error in Next.js
7:	How to fix error serializing Date object JSON in Next.js
8:	How to fix the `unable to resolve dependency tree` PostCSS and Tailwind issue in Next.js
9:	Fix “Module not found: Can't resolve encoding” in Next.js
10:	How to fix Your custom PostCSS configuration must export a `plugins` key.
11:	Next.js, what to do when the state of a component is not refreshed when navigating
12:	Revalidation and ISR gotcha on Vercel
13:	How to fix the `Already 10 Prisma Clients are actively running` error

Game Development

Learn to create games with JavaScript. Build interactive 2D games using the Phaser.js framework.

Phaser.js

Create 2D games with Phaser, a popular JavaScript game framework

0:	Introduction
1:	Setting up a project to build a JavaScript game with Phaser
2:	Phaser: The Canvas
3:	Phaser: Scenes
4:	Phaser: Multiple scenes
5:	Phaser: The game loop
6:	Phaser: Adding images
7:	Phaser: Sprites
8:	Phaser: GameObjects
9:	Phaser: Animations
10:	Phaser: Keyboard events
11:	Phaser: Mouse input
12:	Phaser: Physics
13:	Phaser: collisions and screen boundaries
14:	Phaser: Playing sounds
15:	How to create a platformer game with Phaser.js

Security

Learn web security concepts and how to protect your applications from common vulnerabilities.

Web Security

Understand common web security vulnerabilities and how to prevent them.

0:	Introduction
1:	CSRF (Cross Site Request Forgery) tutorial
2:	Cross Site Scripting (XSS) tutorial
3:	SQL injection
4:	JSON Web Token (JWT) explained
5:	How to store passwords in the database
6:	Some inputs to check for XSS issues

Docker

Docker revolutionizes how we deploy and distribute applications. Learn how to create portable, isolated environments that work consistently across any machine with Docker installed.

Docker Basics

Get started with Docker: installation, understanding images and containers, working with Dockerfiles, and creating your first containerized applications.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to Docker
2:	Installing Docker on macOS
3:	First steps with Docker
4:	Docker Images
5:	Docker Containers
6:	Dockerfiles
7:	Using Docker Desktop to manage Containers
8:	Sharing Images on Docker Hub
9:	Create a Node.js Docker Container

Docker Advanced

Master advanced Docker techniques including command-line operations, troubleshooting, committing changes, and real-world deployment patterns.

0:	Introduction
1:	Working with Images from the command line
2:	Working with Containers from the command line
3:	Troubleshooting container exits
4:	How to commit changes to an image
5:	Updating a deployed container
6:	Accessing files outside a container
7:	Dockerfile for Astro on Fly.io
8:	Dockerfiles for Astro and Pocketbase on Railway

Python

Python is a high-level programming language perfect for beginners and professionals. In this section we cover the fundamentals: from installation and basic syntax to functions, OOP, and collections.

Python Basics

Get started with Python: installation, running programs, and understanding the fundamental concepts like variables, data types, and operators.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to Python
2:	Installing Python 3 on macOS
3:	How to check the current Python version
4:	Running Python programs
5:	Python 2 vs Python 3
6:	The basics of working with Python
7:	Python Data Types
8:	Python Operators
9:	Django in VS Code, fix the error `Unable to import django.db`
10:	Use a GoPro as a remote webcam using Python

Strings and Numbers

Master working with text and numbers in Python, including string manipulation, numeric operations, and type checking.

0:	Introduction
1:	Python Strings
2:	Python Numbers
3:	Python Booleans
4:	How to check if a variable is a string in Python
5:	How to check if a variable is a number in Python
6:	Python, how to check if a number is odd or even
7:	Python, Accepting Input
8:	Python Constants

Control Flow and Collections

Learn to control program flow with conditionals and loops, and work with essential data structures: lists, tuples, dictionaries, and sets.

0:	Introduction
1:	Control statements
2:	Ternary operator
3:	Loops
4:	Lists
5:	List comprehensions
6:	How to create a list from a string
7:	Tuples
8:	Dictionaries
9:	Sets

Functions and OOP

Write reusable code with functions and organize your programs using object-oriented programming concepts.

0:	Introduction
1:	Functions
2:	Lambda functions
3:	Nested functions
4:	Recursion
5:	Closures
6:	Objects
7:	Classes
8:	Polymorphism
9:	Operator overloading

Modules and Advanced Concepts

Organize your code with modules, manage packages, and use advanced Python features like decorators and annotations.

0:	Introduction
1:	Modules
2:	The Standard Library
3:	Installing packages with pip
4:	Virtual environments
5:	Variables scope
6:	Decorators
7:	Docstrings
8:	Introspection
9:	Annotations

Working with Files

Read, write, and manage files and directories using Python.

0:	Introduction
1:	Check if file or directory exists
2:	Create an empty file
3:	Create a directory
4:	Read the content of a file
5:	Write to a file
6:	List files in a directory
7:	Get the details of a file
8:	The with statement

Errors and Functional Programming

Handle exceptions gracefully and use functional programming patterns with map, filter, reduce, and regular expressions.

0:	Introduction
1:	Exceptions
2:	Debugging
3:	Enums
4:	map()
5:	filter()
6:	reduce()
7:	Regular Expressions

Networking and GUI

Build network applications, create HTTP and TCP servers, develop GUI apps, and learn Python best practices.

0:	Introduction
1:	Create a network request
2:	Create a Web HTTP server
3:	Create a TCP server
4:	Multithreading
5:	Accept arguments from command line
6:	GUI programming with Tkinter
7:	Pygame installation
8:	PEP8 style guide

PHP

PHP is a popular server-side scripting language designed for web development. Learn how to build dynamic web applications, handle forms, manage sessions, and deploy your PHP projects.

PHP Basics

Get started with PHP: installation, basic syntax, error handling, and essential tools

0:	Introduction
1:	How to set up PHP
2:	How to create your first PHP program
3:	How to deal with errors in PHP
4:	How to use exceptions in PHP
5:	How to use Composer and Packagist in PHP
6:	How to work with files/folders in PHP
7:	PHP print var_dump to error_log

PHP Web Development

Learn how to build web applications with PHP: handle HTTP requests, forms, cookies, sessions, and deploy your apps

0:	Introduction
1:	Handling HTTP requests in PHP
2:	How to use HTTP Headers in PHP
3:	How to use forms in PHP
4:	How to use Cookies in PHP
5:	How to use PHP Cookie-based Sessions
6:	Deploying PHP applications

Laravel

Laravel is a powerful PHP framework loved by developers worldwide. Learn to build modern web applications with elegant syntax and powerful features.

Laravel Basics

Get started with Laravel: installation, routing basics, and your first application.

0:	Introduction
1:	Getting started
2:	Dynamic routes
3:	Dynamic routes advanced
4:	Non-web routes
5:	Dynamic routes in Laravel
6:	Introduction to Laravel

Laravel Blade

Master Blade templating: layouts, components, and styling with Tailwind CSS.

0:	Introduction
1:	Blade
2:	Adding a better layout
3:	How to use Blade templates in Laravel
4:	Using Tailwind CSS with Laravel

Laravel Database

Work with databases in Laravel: migrations, Eloquent ORM, and forms.

0:	Introduction
1:	Adding a database
2:	How to use migrations to create and modify the database schema
3:	Using forms to accept user input and store it into the database
4:	Adding the form at the bottom of the list
5:	Allow users to delete dogs from the list
6:	Connecting a database to Laravel
7:	How to use migrations to create and modify the database schema
8:	Using forms to accept user input and store it into the database

Laravel Auth

Implement authentication with Laravel Breeze and protect your routes.

0:	Introduction
1:	Adding authentication using Laravel Breeze
2:	Only authenticated users can add items to the database
3:	Only authenticated users can add items to the database
4:	Setting up authentication using Laravel Breeze

Laravel Commands

Create and use custom Artisan CLI commands in Laravel.

0:	Introduction
1:	Creating commands
2:	Creating CLI commands in Laravel

Laravel Deployment

Deploy Laravel applications to production with Laravel Forge and other services.

0:	Introduction
1:	Push the app code to GitHub
2:	Deployment
3:	Deploying a site to Laravel Forge
4:	Site deployed on Laravel Forge and DNS on cloudflare saying too many redirects after setting up SSL-TLS

Go (Golang) is a modern, statically-typed programming language developed by Google. Known for its simplicity, efficiency, and excellent concurrency support, Go is perfect for building scalable web services and system tools.

Go Basics

Learn the fundamentals of Go: installation, basic syntax, data types, and how to write your first Go programs.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to Go
2:	Your first Go program
3:	Compiling and running Go programs
4:	Variables and types
5:	Operators
6:	Strings
7:	Arrays
8:	Slices
9:	Maps
10:	Visualize your local Git contributions with Go
11:	Use Go to get a list of repositories from GitHub
12:	Building a CLI command with Go: cowsay
13:	Go CLI tutorial: fortune clone
14:	Build a Command Line app with Go: lolcat

Go Advanced

Master advanced Go concepts including functions, structs, interfaces, concurrency, and build real-world applications.

0:	Introduction
1:	Conditionals
2:	Loops
3:	Functions
4:	Pointers
5:	Structs
6:	Methods
7:	Interfaces
8:	Set
9:	Binary Search Tree
10:	Go workspaces
11:	Profiling
12:	Go and Docker
13:	Tutorial: REST API
14:	Building a web crawler

C is one of the most influential programming languages in history. Learn this powerful, low-level language that forms the foundation of operating systems, embedded systems, and many modern languages.

C Basics

Get started with C: learn the essential syntax, data types, operators, arrays, pointers, and functions.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to C
2:	Variables and types
3:	Constants
4:	Operators
5:	Conditionals
6:	Loops
7:	Arrays
8:	Strings
9:	Pointers
10:	Functions

C Advanced

Dive deeper into C with advanced concepts including structures, preprocessor directives, file operations, and memory management.

0:	Introduction
1:	Input and output
2:	Variable scope
3:	Static variables
4:	Global variables
5:	Type definitions
6:	Enumerations
7:	Structures
8:	Command line parameters
9:	Header files
10:	The preprocessor
11:	NULL values
12:	Boolean values
13:	Nesting functions
14:	Conversion specifiers
15:	Using quotes
16:	String length
17:	Returning strings
18:	Array length
19:	Looping through arrays
20:	Checking character values
21:	Printing percentage signs
22:	Troubleshooting: Implicit function declarations

Linux

Master the Linux command line. Learn essential commands for navigating, manipulating files, processing text, managing processes, and administering systems. These skills are fundamental for developers, system administrators, and DevOps professionals.

Shell Scripting

Learn shell scripting with Bash and other shells. Automate tasks, write scripts, work with variables, loops, functions, and aliases.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to Shells
2:	Bash Basics
3:	Writing Shell Scripts
4:	Variables and Environment Variables
5:	Loops and Arrays
6:	Shell Script Functions
7:	Creating Aliases
8:	Tips and Tricks
9:	The Fish Shell
10:	Persist aliases and other configuration in Fish Shell
11:	How to add a path to Fish Shell
12:	Fish Shell, how to avoid recording commands to history
13:	Fish Shell, how to remove the welcome message
14:	How to replace all filenames with space with underscore using a shell script
15:	How to update all npm packages in multiple projects that sit in subfolders

Linux Basics

Master essential Linux commands for navigating the file system, viewing files, and understanding your environment. These are the fundamental commands every Linux user should know.

0:	Introduction
1:	pwd - Print Working Directory
2:	cd - Change Directory
3:	ls - List Files
4:	cat - Concatenate and Display Files
5:	less - View File Contents
6:	tail - View End of Files
7:	echo - Print to Output
8:	which - Locate Commands
9:	type - Display Command Type
10:	clear - Clear Terminal
11:	Introduction to Linux
12:	The UNIX Filesystem Commands

File Operations

Learn how to create, copy, move, and delete files and directories. Master file permissions and ownership in Linux.

0:	Introduction
1:	mkdir - Make Directory
2:	rmdir - Remove Directory
3:	touch - Create/Update Files
4:	cp - Copy Files
5:	mv - Move/Rename Files
6:	open - Open Files
7:	ln - Create Links
8:	chmod - Change File Permissions
9:	chown - Change File Owner
10:	umask - Set Default Permissions

Text Processing

Process and manipulate text files with powerful Linux commands. Learn to search, sort, filter, and transform text data.

0:	Introduction
1:	grep - Search Text
2:	find - Search Files
3:	sort - Sort Lines
4:	uniq - Remove Duplicates
5:	diff - Compare Files
6:	wc - Word Count
7:	xargs - Build Command Lines

System Information

Monitor your system, view processes, check disk usage, and gather information about your Linux environment.

0:	Introduction
1:	uname - System Information
2:	whoami - Current User
3:	who - Logged In Users
4:	df - Disk Free Space
5:	du - Disk Usage
6:	ps - Process Status
7:	top - Task Manager
8:	env - Environment Variables
9:	printenv - Print Environment
10:	Linux, no space left on device
11:	How to find the process that is using a port

Process Management

Control processes, run programs in the background, and manage jobs. Learn essential process management commands.

0:	Introduction
1:	kill - Terminate Processes
2:	killall - Kill by Name
3:	jobs - List Jobs
4:	bg - Background Jobs
5:	fg - Foreground Jobs
6:	nohup - Run Immune to Hangups
7:	How to use pm2 to serve a Node.js app

Advanced Commands

Master advanced Linux commands including editors, compression, networking, user management, and shell customization.

0:	Introduction
1:	su - Switch User
2:	sudo - Superuser Do
3:	passwd - Change Password
4:	ping - Test Network
5:	traceroute - Trace Network Path
6:	history - Command History
7:	export - Set Environment Variables
8:	crontab - Schedule Tasks
9:	alias - Create Shortcuts
10:	man - Manual Pages
11:	tar - Archive Files
12:	gzip - Compress Files
13:	gunzip - Decompress Files
14:	basename - Strip Directory
15:	dirname - Extract Directory
16:	nano - Text Editor
17:	vim - Vi Improved Editor
18:	emacs - Text Editor
19:	ed - Line Editor
20:	How to use Netcat
21:	How to download a file from a server using the terminal

Swift

Swift is Apple's powerful and intuitive programming language for iOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS. Learn Swift fundamentals and SwiftUI, Apple's declarative framework for building beautiful user interfaces across all Apple platforms.

Swift Basics

Get started with Swift programming. Learn the fundamentals including variables, data types, operators, and basic syntax.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to Swift
2:	Variables and Constants
3:	Numbers
4:	Booleans
5:	Strings
6:	Operators
7:	Operator Precedence
8:	Comments
9:	Semicolons
10:	How to join the Apple Developer Program
11:	Installing iOS and Mac beta releases
12:	Introduction to Swift and iOS development for Web developers
13:	Some thoughts on SwiftUI
14:	Why iOS

Control Flow

Master control flow in Swift with conditionals and loops. Learn to make decisions and iterate through data.

0:	Introduction
1:	If Statements
2:	Switch Statements
3:	Ternary Operator
4:	For-In Loops
5:	While Loops
6:	Repeat-While Loops
7:	Control Transfer Statements

Collections

Work with Swift's powerful collection types: arrays, dictionaries, sets, and tuples.

0:	Introduction
1:	Arrays
2:	Shuffling Arrays
3:	Random Array Items
4:	Dictionaries
5:	Sets
6:	Tuples

Functions and OOP

Learn to write reusable code with functions and organize your programs using object-oriented programming concepts.

0:	Introduction
1:	Functions
2:	Optionals and Nil
3:	Enumerations
4:	Structures
5:	Classes
6:	Objects
7:	Protocols
8:	Modules

SwiftUI Basics

Get started with SwiftUI, Apple's declarative framework for building user interfaces across all Apple platforms.

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to SwiftUI
2:	Views and Modifiers
3:	Properties
4:	Stacks
5:	Spacing
6:	Conditional Views

SwiftUI Components

Master SwiftUI's built-in components for building beautiful and interactive user interfaces.

0:	Introduction
1:	Button View
2:	Label
3:	Images
4:	List
5:	ForEach
6:	Alert
7:	Formatting Decimals in Text

Build navigation and forms in SwiftUI. Learn to create complex UIs with navigation views, tab views, and form inputs.

0:	Introduction
1:	NavigationView
2:	TabView
3:	SF Symbols
4:	Forms
5:	TextField in Forms
6:	Toggle in Forms
7:	Slider in Forms
8:	Stepper in Forms
9:	Picker in Forms
10:	DatePicker in Forms

Electronics

Learn electronics from the ground up. Understand the fundamentals of electricity, work with electronic components, program Arduino boards, and control hardware with JavaScript using Johnny Five.

Electronics Basics

Learn the fundamentals of electronics: voltage, current, resistance, circuits, and essential tools

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to Electronics
2:	Analog vs digital
3:	Current
4:	Voltage
5:	Vcc, ground, ...
6:	Resistance
7:	Short Circuit
8:	Your first circuit
9:	Prototyping using breadboards
10:	Using a multimeter
11:	Measuring voltage, current and resistance using a multimeter
12:	Milli Micro Nano Pico
13:	Calculating Ah from Watts
14:	Electronic Project: Build a voltage divider
15:	Electronic Project: Build a LED dimmer with a potentiometer

Electronic Components

Explore the essential electronic components: LEDs, resistors, buttons, sensors, motors, and displays

0:	Introduction
1:	Breadboard Power Supply Module
2:	Resistors
3:	LEDs
4:	RGB LEDs
5:	Diodes
6:	Buttons
7:	Potentiometers
8:	Buzzers
9:	Servo Motors
10:	Analog Joystick
11:	The DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor
12:	The 1602 LCD Display

Arduino

Master Arduino: learn programming, work with sensors and actuators, and build amazing electronic projects

0:	Introduction
1:	An introduction to Arduino
2:	Arduino vs Raspberry Pi
3:	The Arduino Uno rev 3 board
4:	The Arduino Uno WiFi rev 2 board
5:	The Arduino MKR WiFi 1010
6:	Introduction to the Arduino Programming Language
7:	The Arduino Create Platform
8:	Arduino: using libraries
9:	Arduino Serial Communication
10:	How to connect to a WiFi network using an Arduino
11:	Read values from an Arduino via HTTP
12:	Powering an Arduino with a power bank
13:	What to buy to get started with Arduino and Electronics

Arduino Projects

Build exciting Arduino projects: control LEDs, buzzers, sensors, motors, and create interactive systems

0:	Introduction
1:	Blink a LED
2:	Light the built-in LED using your browser
3:	Use an active buzzer
4:	Use a passive buzzer
5:	Read analog input
6:	Read a digital input
7:	Control a servo motor with a potentiometer
8:	Build a digital thermometer
9:	The Arduino built-in LED
10:	How to run a Web Server on an Arduino
11:	The analogWrite() function and PWM
12:	The map() function
13:	The tone() function

Johnny Five

Learn to control Arduino and other boards using JavaScript with the Johnny Five library

0:	Introduction
1:	Tutorial
2:	How to use a REPL
3:	How to light a LED
4:	How to work with an LCD Screen
5:	Receiving input from the device
6:	Control a browser game with Arduino and a joystick

0:	Introduction
1:	An HTTP request
2:	HTTP Methods
3:	HTTP Status Codes
4:	HTTP Client/Server communication
5:	HTTP Request Headers
6:	HTTP Response Headers
7:	HTTPS
8:	HTTP/2
9:	HTTP/3
10:	The HTTP/2 protocol
11:	Caching in HTTP
12:	The curl guide to HTTP requests
13:	The HTTP Request Headers List
14:	The HTTP Response Headers List
15:	HTTP vs HTTPS
16:	The HTTPS protocol
17:	An introduction to REST APIs
18:	What is an RFC?
19:	How to generate a local SSL certificate

0:	Introduction
1:	Introduction to Express
2:	Request parameters
3:	Send a response to the client
4:	Send a JSON response
5:	Manage cookies
6:	Work with HTTP headers
7:	Handling redirects
8:	Routing
9:	Template engines
10:	Middleware
11:	Serving Static Assets with Express
12:	Send files to the client
13:	Sessions
14:	Validating and sanitizing input
15:	Handling form data
16:	Handling CORS
17:	HTTPS with a self-signed certificate
18:	HTTPS with Let's Encrypt
19:	Handling file uploads
20:	Build a REST API with MongoDB

0:	Introduction
1:	Why htmx
2:	The core idea of htmx
3:	Installing htmx
4:	Doing a GET request
5:	Swap
6:	POST request
7:	Targets
8:	Loading indicator
9:	Confirming actions, and prompts
10:	Triggers
11:	Request headers
12:	Response headers
13:	Events
14:	Redirect after request
15:	Send files using htmx.ajax()
16:	Perform something on page load
17:	Conditionally hide HTML elements based on HTMX request status
18:	htmx + Alpine template tag
19:	htmx, include hidden input fields outside of a form
20:	htmx trigger request via JS event