Belarus is prosecuting licensed ham radio operators for treason and espionage.
Because they use their equipment to have conversations with people around the world. Siarhei Besarab, callsign EU1AEY, describes what is happening movingly (archive link). Never mind that these are licensed radio operators, meaning there is a government register of everyone who is involved in this technical hobby, and there were technical exams before getting your license, so government cannot be confused as to the reality. The (mandatory) logs, and written confirmations of conversations (called QSL cards), are even used as ‘proof’.
It boggles the mind.
It figures too, because individual agency, and having individual technological capabilities, is subversive seen from an authoritarian perspective. Next to things like ham radio, and e.g. coders, this also applies to (digital) makers. When in Ukraine Crimea, Donetsk and Luhansk fell to Russian covert invasion in 2014 something similar happened in the Donetsk FabLab. The guy who founded and ran the FabLab in Donetsk, K (whom I previously met because he contributed to some of the Dutch FabLabs too), saw himself confronted with one of his regular visitors and half a dozen uniformed others, all armed, coming to tell him his work was subversive and his FabLab was hereby shut down. He went home, picked up his family and drove west.
I have a ham radio license (callsign PE1NOR). Since I was 9 years old I was involved in the radio hobby, and I obtained my license when I first went to university. For some years I’ve let it lapse, but have since renewed it. At the time I thought about being registered as having this capability and the potential risk of that exposure. On the other hand, having the license and having the equipment at home, even if I am no longer active in the hobby itself, also means I can assist in cases of higher probability than prosecution in my own country: emergencies. In emergencies the first thing to go down is regular telephone communications. As long as there’s electricity, or charged batteries at least, my radio equipment will work. In the Netherlands a network of ham radio operators have formed the DARES Dutch Amateur Radio Emergency Service, and they have agreements with a range of Dutch ‘security regions’ (groupings of municipalities), to supply emergency radio connections for civil protection. That is how you build on the technological capabilities of people.
Abbreviations are widely used in ham radio, because when using Morse code it means you can convey meaning faster.
Besarab signs his posting with three of them:
73, goodbye
QRT, stopping transmission
SK, silent key (meaning a morse key that fell silent, i.e. the operator died)