Understanding User Behavior Patterns

💬 A couple of years ago, I was helping a SaaS startup to make sense of their low retention rates. The real problem? The C-suite hesitated to allow direct conversations with users. Their reasoning was rooted in their desire to maintain strictly "white-glove-level relationships" with their high-paying clients and avoid bothering them with "unnecessary" queries. Not going deeper into the validity of their rationale, but here are some things I did instead to avoid guesswork or giving assumptive recommendations: 1️⃣ Worked with internal teams: Obvious, right? But when each team works in their silo, lots of things fall through the cracks. So I got customer success, support and sales teams in the room together. We had several group discussions and identified critical common pain points they had heard from clients. 2️⃣  Analytics deep-dive: Being a SaaS platform, the startup had extensive analytics built into their product. So we spent days analyzing usage patterns, funnels, and behavior flow charts. The data spoke louder than words in revealing where users spent most of their time and where drop-offs were most common. 3️⃣ Social media as primary feedback channels: We have also started monitoring public forums, review sites, and tracked social media mentions. We collected a lot of useful insights through this unfiltered lens into users' many frustrations and occasional delights. 4️⃣ Support tickets: This part was very tedious, but the support tickets were a goldmine of information. By classifying and analyzing the nature of user concerns, we were able to identify features that users found challenging or non-intuitive. 5️⃣  Competitive analysis: And of course, we looked at the competitors. What were users saying about them? What features or offerings were making them switch or consider alternatives? 6️⃣ Internal usability tests: While I couldn't talk to users directly, I organized usability tests internally.  By simulating user scenarios and tasks, we identified main friction points in the critical user journeys. Ideal? No. But definitely eye-opening for the entire team building the platform. 7️⃣  Listening in on sales demos: Last but not least, by attending sales demos as silent observers, we got to understand the questions potential customers asked, their concerns, and their initial reactions to the software. Nothing can replace solid, well-organized user research. But through these alternative methods, we managed to paint a more holistic picture of the end-to-end product experience without ever directly reaching out to users. And these methods not only helped in pinpointing the issues leading to low retention, but also offered actionable recommendations for improvement. → And the result? A more refined, user-centric product that saw an uptick in retention, all without ruffling a single white glove 😉 #ux #uxr #startupchallenges #userretention   

One thing I've noticed when working with clients and doing discovery calls is that a lot of companies are not using customer signals to be proactive instead of reactive. Being proactive rather than reactive is the key to ensuring customer satisfaction and retention. One effective strategy to stay ahead of potential issues is by documenting and understanding "customer signals" – subtle behaviors and indicators that can serve as red flags. Recognizing these signals across the organization allows businesses to engage with customers at the right moment, preventing issues from escalating and ultimately fostering a more positive customer experience. Teams should not just try to save the account once there is a request to cancel or an escalation. You need to pay attention to the signs before you hit this point. Ensuring the entire team knows what to look for means that everyone is empowered to care and improve the customer experience. Here's a list of customer behaviors that could be potential red flags, gradually increasing as they check out or consider leaving: 🔷 Reduced Engagement: Decreased interactions with your product or service. Limited participation in surveys, webinars, or other engagement opportunities. 🔷 Decreased Usage Patterns: A decline in frequency or duration of product usage. Reduced utilization of features or services. 🔷 Unresolved Support Tickets: Multiple open support tickets that remain unresolved. Frequent escalations or dissatisfaction with support responses. 🔷 Negative Feedback or Reviews: Public expression of dissatisfaction on review platforms or social media. Consistently low scores in customer feedback surveys. 🔷 Inactive Account Behavior: Extended periods of inactivity in their account. No logins or interactions over an extended timeframe. 🔷 Communication Breakdown: Ignoring or not responding to communication attempts. Lack of response to personalized outreach or engagement efforts. 🔷 Changes in Buying Patterns: Drastic reduction in purchase frequency or order size. Shifting to lower-tier plans or downgrading services. 🔷 Exploration of Alternatives: Visiting competitor websites or exploring alternative solutions. Engaging in product comparisons and evaluations. 🔷 Billing and Payment Issues: Frequent delays or issues with payments. Unusual changes in billing patterns.

There’s something deeply satisfying about watching a well-run qualitative interview quietly evolve into a sophisticated quantitative model. I always tell my students and collaborators that when done right, a simple conversation can eventually fuel something as complex as Structural Equation Modeling. It might sound like a stretch, but it’s really not. I went through this exact process in a study where we aimed to understand why users trust or reject a new product. Like many applied UX projects, we started with messy assumptions, vague ideas. We knew launching a survey would be premature, so we turned to interviews. We had open but focused (guided) conversations with users. Certain phrases kept surfacing. Some participants talked about feeling “disconnected” from the product, even though they found it useful. Others compared it to brands they already trusted, which clearly shaped their expectations. These comments weren’t dramatic, but they hinted at deeper structures behind user decisions. I worked through the transcripts by reading closely, making notes in the margins, and sketching out connections. There was no formal codebook in the beginning. Instead, I relied on a grounded and intuitive approach shaped by years of dealing with messy real-world data. Over time, themes began to take shape. Emotional tone, familiarity, and social alignment emerged as key ideas. These did not come from forcing responses into predefined buckets, but from how users naturally framed their experiences. It was far from a clean process. I constantly revisited groupings, challenged my own interpretations, and asked whether I was seeing real patterns or just noise. But that back-and-forth reflection is exactly where the model began to form. Once the ideas felt more stable, I started thinking about structure. One pattern stood out. When users described the product’s emotional tone early in the conversation, using words like “cold” or “inviting,” they often brought up trust later on. That sequence did not happen in reverse. It was a small but (almost!) consistent thread, and it became the basis for one of our causal paths. This is something people often overlook. Interviews do more than offer themes; they can reveal directionality. If you listen closely, the order in which ideas appear can show you which concepts come first, which serve as bridges, and how the entire experience unfolds in the user’s mind. Eventually, we translated those themes into measurable constructs and tested the model with survey data. Turning rich, emotional language into structured scale items was not easy. The final SEM model did not just fit the data well. It helped us predict how users would respond to different messaging and revealed emotional drop-off points we might have missed otherwise. All of that came from listening first, not guessing. Interviews are not the soft side of research. They are the foundation that allows your most complex methods to stand on something real.

While it can be easily believed that customers are the ultimate experts about their own needs, there are ways to gain insights and knowledge that customers may not be aware of or able to articulate directly. While customers are the ultimate source of truth about their needs, product managers can complement this knowledge by employing a combination of research, data analysis, and empathetic understanding to gain a more comprehensive understanding of customer needs and expectations. The goal is not to know more than customers but to use various tools and methods to gain insights that can lead to building better products and delivering exceptional user experiences. ➡️ User Research: Conducting thorough user research, such as interviews, surveys, and observational studies, can reveal underlying needs and pain points that customers may not have fully recognized or articulated. By learning from many users, we gain holistic insights and deeper insights into their motivations and behaviors. ➡️ Data Analysis: Analyzing user data, including behavioral data and usage patterns, can provide valuable insights into customer preferences and pain points. By identifying trends and patterns in the data, product managers can make informed decisions about what features or improvements are most likely to address customer needs effectively. ➡️ Contextual Inquiry: Observing customers in their real-life environment while using the product can uncover valuable insights into their needs and challenges. Contextual inquiry helps product managers understand the context in which customers use the product and how it fits into their daily lives. ➡️ Competitor Analysis: By studying competitors and their products, product managers can identify gaps in the market and potential unmet needs that customers may not even be aware of. Understanding what competitors offer can inspire product improvements and innovation. ➡️ Surfacing Implicit Needs: Sometimes, customers may not be able to express their needs explicitly, but through careful analysis and empathetic understanding, product managers can infer these implicit needs. This requires the ability to interpret feedback, observe behaviors, and understand the context in which customers use the product. ➡️ Iterative Prototyping and Testing: Continuously iterating and testing product prototypes with users allows product managers to gather feedback and refine the product based on real-world usage. Through this iterative process, product managers can uncover deeper customer needs and iteratively improve the product to meet those needs effectively. ➡️ Expertise in the Domain: Product managers, industry thought leaders, academic researchers, and others with deep domain knowledge and expertise can anticipate customer needs based on industry trends, best practices, and a comprehensive understanding of the market. #productinnovation #discovery #productmanagement #productleadership