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The selection statement allows choosing the set of instructions for execution depending upon an expression’s truth value.

• Java provides two types of selection statements – if and switch. In addition, the’:?’ (ternary operator) is also used.
• The selection statements are also called conditional statements or decision statements.

The if statement is used to test particular conditions. If the c condition evaluates to true, a course-of-action is followed, i.e, a statement or a set of statements is executed. There are four different types of If statements:

In Java, there are four different types of if statements:

• if statement
• if-else statement
• if-else-if ladder
• nested if statement

if statement:

The if statement is a single conditional statement that is only executed if the given condition is true.

Syntax:

 
if(condition)
{  
 //if true code executed
}  

If Block data flow diagram

Example:

public class IfDemo1 {  
public static void main(String[] args) 
 {  
 int age=20;  
 if(age > 18)
  {  
  System.out.print("Not a minor");  
  }  
   System.out.print(" minor");  
 }  
}  

Output:

Not a minor

Similarly, if the age is 15 then,

minor

if-else Statement

For condition testing, the if-else statement is used. If the condition is true, the if block is executed; if the condition is false, the else block is executed.

It comes in handy when we need to perform an operation based on a false result.

When the condition is false, the else block is executed.

Syntax:

if(condition)
{  
 //code for true  
}
else
{  
 //code for false  
}  

Example:

public class IfDemo2 {  
public static void main(String[] args) 
 {  
 int age=20;  
 if(age > 18)
  {  
  System.out.print("Not a minor \nCondition true");  
  
  }  
  else{
       System.out.print(" minor \nCondition false");  
  }
  
 }  
}  
 

Output:

Not a minor
Condition true

Similarly, if the age is 15 then,

minor
Condition false

If-else Block data flow diagram

We shall see about the if-else ladder and nested if in the next tutorial.

Note: also read about the Type casting in Java

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