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Built-in String Functions: Many functions are built into the Python interpreter and are always available. You’ll see a few that work with strings and character data in this lesson:

Note: Every string method returns a new string with the modified attributes rather than altering the original string.

Following are some of the commonly used string functions:

chr():

This function converts an integer to a character

Example:

>>> chr('97')
'a'
>>> chr(35)
'#'
>>> chr(32)
' '
>>> chr(129363)
'🥓'

len():

Returns the length of a string,

Example:

>>> s = 'I am a string'
>>> len(s)
13

>>> s = ''
>>> len(s)
0

ord():

Converts a character to an integer.

Example:

>>> ord('a')
97
>>> ord(' ')
32
>>> ord('#')
35
>>> ord('€')
8364
>>> ord('∑')
8721
>>> ord('🥓')
129363

str():

Returns a string representation of an object.

For Instance,

>>> str(49.2)
'49.2'
>>> str(3 + 29)
'32'
>>> a = str(3 + 29)
>>> a
'32'
>>> type(a)
<class 'str'>

lower():

Converts all uppercase characters in a string into lowercase.

For Instance,

>>>text="HeLlo WoRld"
>>>print(text.lower())
hello world

upper():

Converts all lowercase characters in a string into uppercase.

For Instance,

>>>text="HeLlo WoRld"
>>>print(text.lower())
HELLO WORLD

title():

Convert string to title case.

Example:

>>>text="HeLlo WoRld"
>>>print(text.title())
Hello World

isupper():

Returns true if the string is in upper case, otherwise false.

Example:

>>>text="Hello world"
>>>print(text.isupper())
False

islower():

Returns true if the string is in lower case, otherwise false.

Example:

>>>text="Hello world"
>>>print(text.islower())
False

>>>text="hello world"
>>>print(text.islower())
True

find(subString):

Returns the position of any character or a subString within any given string.

For Instance,

>>>text="Write Python 3 code in this editor and run it"
>>>subtext="editor and"
>>>print(text.find(subtext))
28

Note: also read about Strings in Python

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