Transpose of a matrix is the process of swapping the rows to columns. For 2x3 matrix,

Matrix
a11    a12    a13
a21    a22    a23

Transposed Matrix
a11    a21
a12    a22
a13    a23

Example: Program to Find Transpose of a Matrix

1. public class Transpose {
3. public static void main(String[] args) {
4. int row = 2, column = 3;
5. int[][] matrix = { {2, 3, 4}, {5, 6, 4} };
7. // Display current matrix
8. display(matrix);
10. // Transpose the matrix
11. int[][] transpose = new int[column][row];
12. for(int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
13. for (int j = 0; j < column; j++) {
14. transpose[j][i] = matrix[i][j];
15. }
16. }
18. // Display transposed matrix
19. display(transpose);
20. }
22. public static void display(int[][] matrix) {
23. System.out.println("The matrix is: ");
24. for(int[] row : matrix) {
25. for (int column : row) {
26. System.out.print(column + " ");
27. }
28. System.out.println();
29. }
30. }
31. }

When you run the program, the output will be:

The matrix is:
2    3    4    
5    6    4    
The matrix is:
2    5    
3    6    
4    4    

In the above program, display() function is only used to print the contents of a matrix to the screen.

Here, the given matrix is of form 2x3, i.e. row = 2 and column = 3.

For the transposed matrix, we change the order of transposed to 3x2, i.e. row = 3 and column = 2. So, we have transpose = int[column][row]

The transpose of the matrix is calculated by simply swapping columns to rows:

transpose[j][i] = matrix[i][j];