Now that I finished drafting my to-be-self-published book about research, I’m going to have to do a full revision. Revision is a lot like doing a complex math problem. You have to honor the order of operations. If you don’t remember, that’s the order you have to tackle the various steps to get the correct answer. It is like doing a complex puzzle.
Rewriting is much the same. Before I double check my spelling or punctuation, I need to tackle any major issues. And I’m not talking about sentence structure. This is my nonfiction order of operations.
Topic Order
Within the manuscript as a whole and within each chapter, I first make certain information is presented in the correct order. As you may have heard it explained, you have to build the scaffolding that will allow your reader to understand the final concept.
In this case, my reader will need a solid grasp on why they need to do research to write and exactly what research is. Then I can show them how to research. Sometimes when I begin my rewrite, I realize I’ve discussed something in more than one place. I have to decide where it makes sense to keep it.
In one recent manuscript, I had to keep it in two different places. But I also had to make sure the reader understood why it was in two places and what specifics to include in each place.
Word Count and Information Density
I used to do this as two separate drafts but now I check my word count and then correct that as I work information density and if each paragraph is connected to its neighbors. This means that I may be working to add 100 words while making sure I have transitions in place. This is also where I cut out anything that feels repetitive.
I am simultaneously making sure that I have enough examples to help my readers build that scaffold. Since I tend to write lean, there are often things that I need to add. It may be another example. It may be an explanation. Or it could be a transition. I want to deliver as much information as possible so I pack it in.
Reading Level
When I am writing for young readers, I next check the reading level. This is not an issue with this particular book.
My reading level is generally fairly close when I write for tweens. I may have to bump it up or pull it down by just a little. If it needs to go up, I make sure that I use compound sentences. I look long and hard at my word choice and substitute multisyllable words that paint a more exacting picture. But I also keep my father’s saying in mind. “Don’t use a $10 word where a 5 cent word will do.
Sometimes the reading level is too high. This is generally only a problem when I write for elementary aged readers. This is when I break longer sentences in two. I also replace multisyllable words with shorter words.
Then I print out the manuscript.
Readability
Last but not least, I edit a hard copy. I cut wordy bits. I check punctuation. When I sit down at my desk to enter the changes, I read for flow. Sometimes I read aloud to myself. Sometimes I use Speak to read the manuscript aloud. It is an irritating robot-like voice but I hear mistakes that I don’t see.
But this is why order of operations is important. If you check readability before you are finished making your other changes, you may create a smooth manuscript only to tear it up again. Start with the big fixes and work your way down to the smallest.
And I still need a title and a cover. Work, work, fun work!
–SueBE