A lot of beginners (including me earlier) can write Python, but get stuck when turning scripts into a real project. Here’s a practical checklist of what “standard” project setup usually includes and what each part is for:

1) Formatting + linting

• Formatter keeps code style consistent automatically.

• Linter catches common mistakes (unused imports, bad patterns). Why it matters: easier reviews + fewer silly bugs.

2) Type checking

• Helps catch mistakes like wrong argument types before runtime. Why it matters: great for refactors and larger codebases.

3) Testing

• Use pytest to write small tests and run them quickly. Why it matters: confidence when you change code.

4) Pre-commit hooks

• Automatically runs checks when you commit. Why it matters: prevents “oops I forgot to format” or “tests failing” commits.

5) Docs

• Even a simple docs site makes projects easier to understand. Why it matters: your future self will thank you.

6) CI (GitHub Actions)

• Runs the same checks on every PR/push (tests/lint/etc.). Why it matters: ensures code works the same on everyone’s machine.

If anyone wants to see an example of these pieces wired together in a starter project, I put one here:

Happy to answer questions about any of the pieces above

I have understood function , loops , bool statements about how they really work
but for classes it feels weird and all those systaxes

I need a part of a tsv file for gene analysis, but I have not found a good example of how to do it.

The idea is to select columns from col-13 to col-24 of a large tsv-file. I am using read_csv (with sep='\t'), but usecols=[13:24] is just showing an error.'

What am I doing wrong?