{"id":170668,"date":"2024-05-08T17:12:40","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T09:12:40","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-05-08T17:12:49","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T09:12:49","slug":"javascript-%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e5%8e%9f%e5%9e%8b%e9%93%be%e5%92%8c%e7%bb%a7%e6%89%bf%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/170668.html","title":{"rendered":"JavaScript \u7f16\u7a0b\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"JavaScript<\/p>\n

JavaScript\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u95f4\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u3002\u539f\u578b\u94fe<\/strong>\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbf\u95ee\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u7ee7\u627f<\/strong>\u5219\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b50\u5bf9\u8c61\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u7236\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u539f\u578b\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u5229\u7528Object.create\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u91c7\u7528ES6\u4e2d\u7684class\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7b49<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u539f\u578b\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u539f\u578b\u5c5e\u6027\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u5916\u5b9a\u4e49\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e94\u88ab\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba9\u5bf9\u8c61\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u539f\u578b\u5c5e\u6027<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3aJavaScript\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u7684\u539f\u578b\u5c5e\u6027\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9a\u4e49\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5185\u90e8\u7684[[Prototype]]\u6307\u9488\u4f1a\u6307\u5411\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684prototype\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ee7\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684prototype\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5185\u90e8\u91cd\u590d\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5229\u7528 Object.create \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Object.create\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684[[Prototype]]\u6307\u9488\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u578b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ee7\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Object.create\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u539f\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u539f\u578b\u7ee7\u627f\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4fbf\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ee7\u627f\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u91c7\u7528 ES6 \u4e2d\u7684 class \u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

ES6\u5f15\u5165\u7684class\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3aJavaScript\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u4f20\u7edf\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528class\u548cextends\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u89c2\u4e14\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ee7\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528class\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u82e5\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528extends\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528super\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u7406\u89e3JavaScript\u7684\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u673a\u5236\u5bf9\u6df1\u5165\u638c\u63e1JavaScript\u7f16\u7a0b\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\u800c\u7ee7\u627f\u5219\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u91cd\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u638c\u63e1\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3JavaScript\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u539f\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u8981\u6c42\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u719f\u6089\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u539f\u7406\u548c\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u603b\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u638c\u63e1JavaScript\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u6df1\u5165\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd0\u884c\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b9e\u8df5\u548c\u63a2\u7d22\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6210\u4e3a\u66f4\u52a0\u719f\u7ec3\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684JavaScript\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528JavaScript\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\uff1f<\/strong>
\nJavaScript\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fJavaScript\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u5728JavaScript\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u578b\uff08prototype\uff09\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u578b\u94fe\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627f\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b50\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u95f4\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5171\u4eab\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528JavaScript\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u539f\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8be5\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7new\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u539f\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u6269\u5c55\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
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