{"id":941959,"date":"2024-12-26T21:48:43","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T13:48:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/941959.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T21:48:45","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T13:48:45","slug":"python-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%bagui","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/941959.html","title":{"rendered":"python \u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efagui"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efaPython GUI\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528Tkinter\u3001PyQt\u3001Kivy\u7b49\u5e93\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u5e93\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u9f50\u5168\u7684Python GUI\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cTkinter\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\uff1bPyQt\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u63a7\u4ef6\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u590d\u6742\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1bKivy\u5219\u9002\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a<\/strong>\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u9010\u4e00\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528TKINTER\u521b\u5efaGUI<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

Tkinter\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6807\u51c6GUI\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u65b0\u624b\u5165\u95e8\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u63a7\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u6309\u94ae\u3001\u6807\u7b7e\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u6846\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5e03\u5c40\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. Tkinter\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Tkinter\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u7a97\u53e3\uff08Window\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u63a7\u4ef6\uff08Widgets\uff09\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u3002\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff08\u5982pack<\/code>\u3001grid<\/code>\u3001place<\/code>\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u5355\u7684Tkinter\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Tkinter\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import tkinter as tk<\/p>\n
def say_hello():<\/p>\n
    print("Hello, World!")<\/p>\n
root = tk.Tk()<\/p>\n
root.title("My First Tkinter App")<\/p>\n
button = tk.Button(root, text="Click Me!", command=say_hello)<\/p>\n
button.pack()<\/p>\n
root.mAI<\/a>nloop()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u653e\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\u3002\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u8f93\u51fa\u201cHello, World!\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. Tkinter\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Tkinter\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u83dc\u5355\u3001\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6846\u548c\u753b\u5e03\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6dfb\u52a0\u83dc\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
menu = tk.Menu(root)<\/p>\n
root.config(menu=menu)<\/p>\n
file_menu = tk.Menu(menu)<\/p>\n
menu.add_cascade(label="File", menu=file_menu)<\/p>\n
file_menu.add_command(label="New", command=lambda: print("New File"))<\/p>\n
file_menu.add_command(label="Open", command=lambda: print("Open File"))<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PYQT\u521b\u5efaGUI<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
PyQt\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u590d\u6742\u754c\u9762\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u63a7\u4ef6\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u521b\u5efa\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. PyQt\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u4f7f\u7528PyQt\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install PyQt5<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
PyQt\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662fQWidget<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u754c\u9762\u7ec4\u4ef6\u90fd\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u4eceQApplication<\/code>\u7c7b\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5b83\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u5355\u7684PyQt\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684PyQt\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sys<\/p>\n
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QPushButton, QMainWindow<\/p>\n
def say_hello():<\/p>\n
    print("Hello, World!")<\/p>\n
app = QApplication(sys.argv)<\/p>\n
window = QMainWindow()<\/p>\n
window.setWindowTitle("My First PyQt App")<\/p>\n
button = QPushButton("Click Me!", window)<\/p>\n
button.clicked.connect(say_hello)<\/p>\n
window.setCentralWidget(button)<\/p>\n
window.show()<\/p>\n
sys.exit(app.exec_())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\u3002\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u8f93\u51fa\u201cHello, World!\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. PyQt\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
PyQt\u652f\u6301\u975e\u5e38\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u63a7\u4ef6\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u5e03\u5c40\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u3001\u7ed8\u56fe\u548c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u5e03\u5c40\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QVBoxLayout, QLabel<\/p>\n
class MyWindow(QMainWindow):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
        super().__init__()<\/p>\n
        self.setWindowTitle("Advanced PyQt App")<\/p>\n
        layout = QVBoxLayout()<\/p>\n
        label = QLabel("Hello, PyQt!")<\/p>\n
        button = QPushButton("Click Me!")<\/p>\n
        button.clicked.connect(say_hello)<\/p>\n
        layout.addWidget(label)<\/p>\n
        layout.addWidget(button)<\/p>\n
        container = QWidget()<\/p>\n
        container.setLayout(layout)<\/p>\n
        self.setCentralWidget(container)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u548c\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528KIVY\u521b\u5efaGUI<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
Kivy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u70b9\u89e6\u63a7\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u8f93\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. Kivy\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Kivy\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install kivy<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
Kivy\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662fApp<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u3002Kivy\u4f7f\u7528KV\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eCSS\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u5355\u7684Kivy\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Kivy\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from kivy.app import App<\/p>\n
from kivy.uix.button import Button<\/p>\n
class MyApp(App):<\/p>\n
    def build(self):<\/p>\n
        return Button(text='Hello, Kivy!')<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    MyApp().run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u6309\u94ae\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6309\u94ae\u4e0a\u663e\u793a\u201cHello, Kivy!\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. Kivy\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Kivy\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u63a7\u4ef6\u548c\u5e03\u5c40\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u52a8\u753b\u3001\u591a\u70b9\u89e6\u63a7\u548cOpenGL\u7ed8\u56fe\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528KV\u8bed\u8a00\u5b9a\u4e49\u754c\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# myapp.kv<\/p>\n
BoxLayout:<\/p>\n
    orientation: 'vertical'<\/p>\n
    Button:<\/p>\n
        text: 'Hello, Kivy!'<\/p>\n
    Button:<\/p>\n
        text: 'Click Me!'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
# main.py<\/p>\n
from kivy.app import App<\/p>\n
class MyApp(App):<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    MyApp().run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n
\u56db\u3001GUI\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5f00\u53d1GUI\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u754c\u9762\u5361\u987f\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u3001\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u754c\u9762\u5361\u987f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u754c\u9762\u5361\u987f\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u88ab\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u963b\u585e\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c06\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u653e\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728GUI\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u548c\u69fd\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5982PyQt\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u548c\u69fd\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u89e3\u8026\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528GUI\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u63a7\u4ef6\u548c\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u5e76\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u53f0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n
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