{"id":1105808,"date":"2025-01-08T16:34:24","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:34:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1105808.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T16:34:26","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:34:26","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%af%bc%e5%85%a5%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%a4%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1105808.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25070541\/036de2df-e148-4564-9d6b-3f3b30f691ed.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\uff0c\u5229\u7528importlib\u6a21\u5757\u7b49\u3002<\/strong> 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   __init__.py<\/p>\n<p>    module1.py<\/p>\n<p>    module2.py<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5bfc\u5165\u5305<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\u548c\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import myfolder.module1<\/p>\n<p>from myfolder import module2<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528sys.path\u6dfb\u52a0\u8def\u5f84<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u6216Python\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>sys.path<\/code>\u6765\u4e34\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u8def\u5f84<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import sys<\/p>\n<p>sys.path.append(&#39;\/path\/to\/your\/folder&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff1a\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5bfc\u5165\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5757\u4e00\u6837\u5bfc\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import module_in_folder<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u4e34\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u800c\u4e0d\u60f3\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528importlib\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>importlib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5bfc\u5165importlib<\/strong>\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u5bfc\u5165<code>importlib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import importlib<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528import_module<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>importlib.import_module<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5bfc\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">module = importlib.import_module(&#39;folder.module&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9664\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u5bfc\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>pkgutil<\/code>\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528<code>pkgutil<\/code>\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u5bfc\u5165<code>pkgutil<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pkgutil<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5bfc\u5165\u5305<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>pkgutil.extend_path<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6269\u5c55\u5305\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import myfolder<\/p>\n<p>myfolder.__path__ = pkgutil.extend_path(myfolder.__path__, &#39;myfolder&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5305\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5305\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0<code>__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u65e2\u7b80\u5355\u53c8\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e34\u65f6\u5bfc\u5165\u6216\u52a8\u6001\u5bfc\u5165\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>sys.path<\/code>\u6216<code>importlib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5982<code>pkgutil<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5305\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u7ec4\u7ec7\u66f4\u52a0\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7ed3\u5408\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6216\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684\u5305\u673a\u5236\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<code>__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837Python\u624d\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e3a\u5305\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>from folder_name import module_name<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6216<code>pathlib<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u904d\u5386\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<code>os.listdir()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u800c<code>pathlib<\/code>\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>Path(folder_path).glob(&#39;*&#39;)<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53ea\u5bfc\u5165<code>.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408<code>os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7684<code>os.path.splitext()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6240\u9700\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\uff0c\u5229\u7528importlib\u6a21\u5757\u7b49\u3002 \u5176\u4e2d\u6700 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1105823,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1105808"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1105808"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1105808\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1105825,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1105808\/revisions\/1105825"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1105823"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1105808"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1105808"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1105808"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}