{"id":166406,"date":"2024-05-08T15:35:52","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T07:35:52","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-05-08T15:35:56","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T07:35:56","slug":"javascript%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e4%bb%8e%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%92%8c%e6%96%87%e5%ad%97%ef%bc%8c%e5%86%8d%e6%8a%8a%e5%80%bc%e8%bf%94%e5%9b%9e%e9%a1%b5%e9%9d%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/166406.html","title":{"rendered":"JavaScript\u600e\u4e48\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u518d\u628a\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u9875\u9762"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"JavaScript\u600e\u4e48\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u518d\u628a\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u9875\u9762\"<\/p>\n

JavaScript \u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u5c06\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u9875\u9762\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbf\u95ee\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u4e0e\u5448\u73b0\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefJavaScript\u4e0e\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668API\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u540e\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u8fd4\u56deJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u7ed9\u524d\u7aef\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u524d\u7aefJavaScript\u89e3\u6790\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0DOM\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefJavaScript\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528XMLHttpRequest<\/code>\u3001fetch<\/code> API\u6216\u5176\u4ed6JavaScript\u5e93\u5982axios<\/code>\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0cJavaScript\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u9875\u9762\u7684DOM\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c55\u73b0\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5c55\u5f00\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u548c\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528Node.js\u4e2d\u7684Express<\/code>\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6210JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u83b7\u53d6\u5230JSON\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7JavaScript\u5185\u7f6e\u7684JSON.parse()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u5c06JSON\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJavaScript\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6e32\u67d3\u5230HTML\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728JavaScript\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6709\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.1 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.2 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e2d\uff0c\u540e\u7aef\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u524d\u7aefJavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aefAPI\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2.1 \u4f7f\u7528XMLHttpRequest<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

XMLHttpRequest<\/code>\u662f\u8001\u65e7\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528XMLHttpRequest<\/code>\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();<\/p>\n
xhr.open('GET', '\/api\/data', true);<\/p>\n
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {<\/p>\n
    if(xhr.readyState === 4 && xhr.status === 200) {<\/p>\n
        var data = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u9875\u9762DOM<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
};<\/p>\n
xhr.send();<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u4f7f\u7528Fetch API<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
fetch<\/code>\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684API\u6765\u5904\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
fetch('\/api\/data')<\/p>\n
    .then(response => response.json())<\/p>\n
    .then(data => {<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u9875\u9762DOM<\/p>\n
    })<\/p>\n
    .catch(error => console.error('Error:', error));<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u540e\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u540e\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u524d\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1 \u521b\u5efaAPI\u7aef\u70b9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u521b\u5efaAPI\u7aef\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7aef\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728Node.js\u7684Express\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
const express = require('express');<\/p>\n
const app = express();<\/p>\n
app.get('\/api\/data', (req, res) => {<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n
});<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.2 \u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728API\u7aef\u70b9\u4e2d\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
app.get('\/api\/data', (req, res) => {<\/p>\n
    Database.query('SELECT * FROM tablename', function(error, results, fields) {<\/p>\n
        if (error) throw error;<\/p>\n
        res.json(results); \/\/ \u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/p>\n
    });<\/p>\n
});<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u524d\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u524d\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u663e\u793a\u5728\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.1 \u89e3\u6790JSON\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u524d\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u5230JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790\u5b83\u4ee5\u4fbf\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
fetch('\/api\/data')<\/p>\n
    .then(response => response.json())<\/p>\n
    .then(data => {<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u901a\u5e38\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f1a\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u904d\u5386data\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n
    });<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4.2 \u66f4\u65b0DOM\u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u6790\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0cJavaScript\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7DOM\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\u5728\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
data.forEach(item => {<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u521b\u5efaDOM\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u9875\u9762<\/p>\n
});<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
5.1 \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
fetch('\/api\/data')<\/p>\n
    .then(response => {<\/p>\n
        if (!response.ok) {<\/p>\n
            throw new Error('Network response was not ok');<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
        return response.json();<\/p>\n
    })<\/p>\n
    .then(data => {<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u9875\u9762DOM<\/p>\n
    })<\/p>\n
    .catch(error => {<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n
    });<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
5.2 \u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e2d\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5728\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u524d\u663e\u793a\u52a0\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n
document.getElementById('loading').style.display = 'block';<\/p>\n
fetch('\/api\/data')<\/p>\n
    .then(response => response.json())<\/p>\n
    .then(data => {<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u9690\u85cf\u52a0\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n
        document.getElementById('loading').style.display = 'none';<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u9875\u9762DOM<\/p>\n
    });<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8003\u8651<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u9632\u6b62\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
6.1 \u9632\u6b62SQL\u6ce8\u5165<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u540e\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u4f7f\u7528ORM\u6765\u963b\u6b62SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
6.2 \u9632\u6b62\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\uff08XSS\uff09<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u5230DOM\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6ce8\u610f\u6e05\u7406\u6216\u8f6c\u4e49\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4XSS\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f7f\u7528textContent<\/code>\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u975einnerHTML<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0e\u663e\u793a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
7.1 \u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u52a0\u5feb\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
7.2 \u7cbe\u7b80JSON\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u51cf\u5c11JSON\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ea\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u524d\u7aef\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u4f4e\u7f51\u7edc\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0cJavaScript\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5448\u73b0\u5230\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1. \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528JavaScript\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6587\u5b57\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
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2. \u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
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3. JavaScript\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
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