{"id":90944,"date":"2024-04-09T18:17:06","date_gmt":"2024-04-09T10:17:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/90944.html"},"modified":"2024-04-09T18:17:07","modified_gmt":"2024-04-09T10:17:07","slug":"javascript%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e7%ae%ad%e5%a4%b4%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%e4%b8%8e%e6%99%ae%e9%80%9a%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%e7%9a%84%e5%8c%ba%e5%88%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/90944.html","title":{"rendered":"JavaScript\u4e2d\u7684\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u533a\u522b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"JavaScript\u4e2d\u7684\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u533a\u522b\"<\/p>\n

\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u5728JavaScript\u4e2d\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u533a\u522b\u3002\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u77ed\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u4e0d\u7ed1\u5b9athis<\/code>\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4f5c\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u6ca1\u6709arguments<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong>\u3002\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u6700\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u66f4\u77ed\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u7528\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7f29\u51cf\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5904\u7406this<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u65f6\u4e5f\u66f4\u4e3a\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0bthis<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u5219\u4f1a\u6355\u83b7\u5176\u6240\u5728\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684this<\/code>\u503c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u95ed\u5305\u4e2d\u5904\u7406this<\/code>\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u548c\u76f4\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b80\u6d01\u6027<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e66\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u7684\u5355\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u8ba9\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u660e\u4e86\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565function<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u8bed\u53e5\u7684return<\/code>\u4ee5\u53ca\u62ec\u53f7(\u5f53\u53c2\u6570\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

const add = function(a, b) {<\/p>\n
  return a + b;<\/p>\n
};<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5199\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
const add = (a, b) => a + b;<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u4f20\u9012\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001this<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0cthis<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u4ee5\u53ca\u95ed\u5305\u4e2d\u5904\u7406this<\/code>\u53d8\u5f97\u590d\u6742\u548c\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u7ed1\u5b9a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684this<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea\u7236\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u7684this<\/code><\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u5904\u7406\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u76d1\u542c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
function Timer() {<\/p>\n
  this.seconds = 0;<\/p>\n
  setInterval(function() {<\/p>\n
    this.seconds++; \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684this\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u5411Timer\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n
  }, 1000);<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
function Timer() {<\/p>\n
  this.seconds = 0;<\/p>\n
  setInterval(() => {<\/p>\n
    this.seconds++; \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684this\u6b63\u786e\u6307\u5411Timer\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n
  }, 1000);<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u5f97\u5185\u90e8this<\/code>\u7684\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u7528\u4f5c\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9650\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4f5c\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528new<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709prototype<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684this<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u8c03\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
const Person = (name) => {<\/p>\n
  this.name = name;<\/p>\n
};<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u629b\u51faTypeError\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aPerson\u4e0d\u662f\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n
const person = new Person('John');<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7new<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u521b\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6ca1\u6709arguments<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0carguments<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6570\u7ec4\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2aarguments<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5269\u4f59\u53c2\u6570...<\/code>\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5e76\u6c42\u548c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n
function sum() {<\/p>\n
  return Array.from(arguments).reduce((sum, num) => sum + num, 0);<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n
const sum = (...nums) => nums.reduce((sum, num) => sum + num, 0);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u5316\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3JavaScript\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u5728JavaScript\u4e2d\u5404\u6709\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u573a\u666f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u7279\u6027\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u533a\u522b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u7cbe\u51c6\u5730\u7f16\u5199JavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fJavaScript\u4e2d\u7684\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\uff1f\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u662fES6\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934(=><\/code>)\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982const sum = (a, b) => a + b;<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u533a\u522b\uff1a\n
      \n
    1. \u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684this<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u7ea7\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684this<\/code>\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528this<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528new<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684prototype<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
    3. \u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709arguments<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5269\u4f59\u53c2\u6570(...args<\/code>)\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n
    4. \u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u548creturn<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u8bdd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\uff1f\u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \n
      • \u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528this<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u6784\u9020\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528this<\/code>\u5e76\u4e14\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u7236\u7ea7\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684this<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4this<\/code>\u7684\u6307\u5411\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684arguments<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u5269\u4f59\u53c2\u6570(...args<\/code>)\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684prototype<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f\u4f55\u65f6\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
          \n
        • \u5728\u6027\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7bad\u5934\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684this<\/code>\u548carguments<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u6bd4\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/li>\n
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