| Vol-2774 urn:nbn:de:0074-2774-4 Copyright © 2020 for the individual papers by the papers' authors. Copyright © 2020 for the volume as a collection by its editors. This volume and its papers are published under the Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

# SMART 2020 SeMantic AnsweR Type Prediction Task at ISWC 2020 Semantic Web Challenge

### Proceedings of the SeMantic AnsweR Type prediction task (SMART) at ISWC 2020 Semantic Web Challenge
co-located with the 19th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2020)

### Virtual Conference, November 5th, 2020.

Edited by

### Nandana Mihindukulasooriya *
Mohnish Dubey **
Alfio Gliozzo *
Jens Lehmann **
Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo ***
Ricardo Usbeck ****

* IBM Research AI,T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA
** University of Bonn and Fraunhofer IAIS, Germany
*** Universität Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany
**** Fraunhofer IAIS, Dresden, Germany

## Table of Contents

- Preface
  Summary: There were eight systems that participated in the SMART 2020 challenge and this volume contains 8 peer-reviewed system papers corresponding to those systems.

### System Papers

- Augmentation-based Answer Type Classification of the SMART dataset (short paper)1-9
  Aleksandr Perevalov, Andreas Both
- Semantic Answer Type Prediction using BERT: IAI at the ISWC SMART Task 2020 (short paper)10-18
  Vinay Setty, Krisztian Balog
- Two-stage Semantic Answer Type Prediction for Question Answering using BERT and Class-Specificity Rewarding 19-28
  Christos Nikas, Pavlos Fafalios, Yannis Tzitzikas
- COALA - A Rule-Based Approach to Answer Type Prediction 29-40
  Nadine Steinmetz, Kai-Uwe Sattler
- A Methodology for Hierarchical Classification of Semantic Answer Types of Questions (short paper)41-48
  Ammar Ammar, Shervin Mehryar, Remzi Celebi
- Hierarchical Contextualized Representation Models for Answer Type Prediction (short paper)49-56
  Natthawut Kertkeidkachorn, Rungsiman Nararatwong, Phuc Nguyen, Ikuya Yamada, Hideaki Takeda, Ryutaro Ichise
- Fine and Ultra-Fine Entity Type Embeddings for Question Answering 57-70
  Sai Vallurupalli, Jennifer Sleeman, Tim Finin
- Question Embeddings for Semantic Answer Type Prediction 71-80
  Eleanor Bill, Ernesto Jiménez-Ruiz

2020-12-15: submitted by Nandana Mihindukulasooriya, metadata incl. bibliographic data published under Creative Commons CC0
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