| Vol-3667 urn:nbn:de:0074-3667-1 Copyright © 2024 for the individual papers by the papers' authors. Copyright © 2024 for the volume as a collection by its editors. This volume and its papers are published under the Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

# LAK-WS 2024
Joint Proceedings of LAK 2024 Workshops

### Joint Proceedings of LAK 2024 Workshops
co-located with 14th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK 2024)

### Kyoto, Japan, March 18-22, 2024.

Edited by

### Martin Hlosta 1
Ivan Moser 1
Brendan Flanagan 2
Gloria Milena Fernandez-Nieto 3
Lixiang Yan 3
Angela Stewart 4
Amir Winer 5
Nitza Geri 5
Umesh Ramnarain 6
Christo van der Westhuizen 6
Atsushi Shimada 7
Fumiya Okubo 7
Hsiao-Ting Tseng 8
Albert C.M. Yang 9
Owen H.T. Lu 10
Hiroaki Ogata 11
Vanessa Echeverria 3
Roberto Martinez-Maldonado 3
Yi-shan Tsai 3
Lu Lawrence 12
Shaveen Singh 3
Stanislav Pozdniakov 13
Lujie Karen Chen 14
Jiaqi Gong 15
Louise Yarnall 16
Andy Nguyen 17
Lele Sha 3
Jionghao Lin 18
Mutlu Cukurova 19
Kshitij Sharma 20
Linxuan Zhao 3
Yuheng Li 3
Yueqiao Jin 3
Dragan Gašević 3
Caitlin Mills 21
Stephen Hutt 22

1 The Swiss Distance University of Applied Sciences (Fernfachhochschule Schweiz – FFHS), The Institute for Research in Open, Distance and eLearning (IFeL), Schinerstrasse 18, Brig, 3900, Switzerland
2 Kyoto University, Center for Innovative Research and Education in Data Science, Room 302 Konoe-kan, 69 Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Yoshida, Kyoto, 606-8315, Japan
3 Monash University, Department of Human Centred Computing, Wellington Rd, Clayton VIC, 3800, Australia
4 University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
5 The Open University of Israel, 1 University Road, POB 808, Raanana 4353701, Israel
6 University of Johannesburg, Faculty of Education, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, Kingsway Campus, 2006, South Africa
7 Kyushu University, Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
8 National Central University, Department of Information Management, 300 Jhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City, 32001, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
9 National Chung-Hsing University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, 145 Xingda Road, South District, Taichung, 40221, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
10 National Chengchi University, International College of Innovation (ICI), No. 64, Sec 2, Zhinan Rd, Wenshan District, Taipei City, 11065, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
11 Kyoto University, Academic Center for Computing and Media Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
12 Utah State University, Instructional Technology of Learning Sciences, Old Main Hill, 2830, United States
13 The University of Queensland, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, St Lucia QLD, 4072, Australia
14 University of Maryland Baltimore County, Department of Information Systems, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, United States
15 The University of Alabama, College of Engineering, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States
16 SRI, SRI Education, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States
17 University of Oulu, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1 Linnanmaa, Finland
18 Carnegie Mellon University, Human-Computer Interaction Institute, 4804 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
19 University College London, UCL Knowledge Lab, 20 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AL, United Kingdom
20 Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer Science, IT-bygget, 147, Gløshaugen, Norway
21 University of Minnesota, 250 Education Sciences Bldg, 56 E River Rd, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
22 University of Denver, 2155 E Wesley Drive, Denver, CO, 80210, United States

## Table of Contents

### The 6th Workshop on Predicting Performance Based on the Analysis of Reading and Learning Behavior (DC-LAK24)

- Preface 1-2
  Summary: There were 11 papers submitted for peer-review to this workshop. Out of these, 11 papers were accepted for this volume, 9 as regular papers and 2 as short paper.
- Trustworthy and Explainable AI for Learning Analytics 3-12
  Min-Jia Li, Shun-Ting Li, Albert C. M. Yang, Anna Y.Q. Huang, Stephen J.H. Yang
- Using a Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm to Explore the Relationship Between Students' Program Debugging and Learning Performance 13-22
  Chao-Hung Liu, Ting-Chia Hsu
- Predicting Learning Achievement through Self-Regulated Learning Strategies, Motivation, and Programming Behaviors 23-31
  Pei-Xuan Wang, Ting-Chia Hsu
- Personalized Navigation Recommendation for E-book Page Jump 32-41
  Boxuan Ma, Li Chen, Min Lu
- Enhancing Personalized Learning with MBTI Forecasts and ChatGPT's Tailored Study Advice 42-46
  Yi-Chun Hsieh, Albert C.M. Yang
- Educational Data Analysis using Generative AI 47-55
  Abdul Berr, Sukrit Leelaluk, Cheng Tang, Li Chen, Fumiya Okubo, Atsushi Shimada
- The Feasibility of Utilizing ChatGPT in Learning Analytics for the Identification of At-Risk Students 56-63
  Zhi Qi Liu, Owen H.T. Lu, Hsiao-Ting Tseng
- Explore the Explanation and Consistency of Explainable AI in the LBLS Data Set 64-72
  Tiffany T.Y. Hsu, Owen H.T. Lu
- Educational Data Analysis using Generative AI 73-82
  Shuaileng Yuan, Sukrit Leelaluk, Cheng Tang, Li Chen, Fumiya Okubo, Atsushi Shimada
- Classroom Monitoring using Emotional Data 83-88
  Mohammad Nehal Hasnine, Ho Tan Nguyen, Gökhan Akçapınar, Ryugo Morita, Hiroshi Ueda
- Chatbots and English as a Foreign Language Learning: A Systematic Review 89-98
  Steve Woollaston, Brendan Flanagan, Hiroaki Ogata

### Data Storytelling and Learning Analytics Workshop (DS-LAK24)

- Preface 99
  Summary: There were 7 papers submitted for peer-review to this workshop. Out of these, 6 papers were accepted for this volume, 4 as regular papers and 2 as short papers.
- Data Storytelling on Multi-Modal Knowledge Graph via Data Comics: a Case Study in Yanyuwa Language 100-117
  Zhiping Liang, Zijie Zeng, Gloria Fernandez Nieto, Yuheng Li, Yi-Shan Tsai, Guanliang Chen, Zachari Swiecki, Dragan Gašević, John Bradley, Lele Sha
- Data Storytelling for Feedback Analytics 118-123
  Bhagya Maheshi, Mikaela Elizabeth Milesi, Hiruni Palihena, Aaron Zheng, Roberto Martinez-Maldonado, Yi-Shan Tsai
- YarnSense: Automated Data Storytelling for Multimodal Learning Analytics 124-138
  Gloria Milena Fernández-Nieto, Vanessa Echeverria, Roberto Martinez-Maldonado, Simon Buckingham Shum
- Use of SHAP Values for Identifying Differences in Behaviors for Subpopulations Under Intervention 139-149
  Juan A. Talamás-Carvajal, Hector G. Ceballos-Cancinob, Roberto Martinez-Maldonado, Yi-Shan Tsai
- Automating Data Narratives in Learning Analytics Dashboards using GenAI 150-161
  Adriano Pinargote, Eddy Calderón, Kevin Cevallos, Gladys Carrillo, Katherine Chiluiza, Vanessa Echeverria
- From Visualizing to Narrativizing: Powerful Data Storytelling through Non-Player Characters 162-170
  Maurice A. Boothe Jr, Jeffrey S. Brenneman

### Generative AI for Learning Analytics (GenAI-LA)

- Preface 171-172
  Summary: There were 12 papers submitted for peer-review to this workshop. Out of these, 9 papers were accepted for this volume, 7 as regular papers and 2 as short papers.
- 3DG: A Framework for Using Generative AI for Handling Sparse Learner Performance Data From Intelligent Tutoring Systems 173-184
  Liang Zhang, Jionghao Lin, Conrad Borchers, Meng Cao, Xiangen Hu
- An AI Agent Facilitating Student Help-Seeking: Producing Data on Student Support Needs 185-194
  Joonas Merikko, Anni Silvola
- Enhancing Trust in Generative AI: Investigating Explainability of LLMs to Analyse Confusion in MOOC Discussions 195-204
  Yuanyuan Hu, Nasser Giacaman, Claire Donald
- Generative AI for Critical Analysis: Practical Tools, Cognitive Offloading and Human Agency 205-213
  Simon Buckingham Shum
- Generative Multimodal Analysis (GMA) for Learning Process Data Analytics 214-218
  Ridwan Whitehead, Andy Nguyen, Sanna Järvelä
- GPT-3.5, GPT-4, Bard, and Claude’s Performance on the Chinese Reading Comprehension Test 219-222
  Bor-Chen Kuo, Pei-Chen Wu, Chen-Huei Liao
- Supporting Self-Regulated Learning with Generative AI: A Case of Two Empirical Studies 223-229
  Jacqueline Wong, Olga Viberg
- Supporting Student Decisions on Learning Recommendations: An LLM-Based Chatbot with Knowledge Graph Contextualization for Conversational Explainability and Mentoring 230-239
  Hasan Abu-Rasheed, Mohamad Hussam Abdulsalam, Cristian Weber, Madjid Fathi
- Tamil Co-Writer: Towards Inclusive Use of Generative AI for Writing Support 240-248
  Antonette Shibani, Faerie Mattins, Srivarshan Selvaraj, Ratnavel Rajalakshmi, Gnana Bharathy

### Learning Analytics from Virtual Reality (LAVR)

- Preface 249-250
  Summary: There were 4 papers submitted for peer-review to this workshop. Out of these, 4 papers were accepted for this volume, 2 as regular papers and 2 as short papers.
- A Learning Analytics Dashboard to Investigate the Influence of Interaction in a VR Learning Application 251-259
  Birte Heinemann, Sergej Görzen, Ana Dragoljić, Lars Meiendresch, Marc Troll, Ulrik Schroeder
- Towards using the xAPI specification for Learning Analytics in Virtual Reality 260-271
  Sergej Görzen, Birte Heinemann, Ulrik Schroeder
- Approximating eye gaze with head pose in a virtual reality microteaching scenario for pre-service teachers 272-283
  Ivan Moser, Martin Hlosta, Per Bergamin, Umesh Ramnarain, Christo Van Der Westhuizen, Mafor Penn, Noluthando Mdlalose, Koketso Pila, Ogegbo Ayodele
- Towards Learning Analytics for Student Evaluation in the Metaversity 284-291
  Amir Winer, Nitza Geri

### Marrying Asset- and Deficit-Based Approaches: A Data Feminist Perspective in Learning Analytics

- Preface 292-294
  Summary: There was 1 paper submitted for peer-review to this workshop. 1 paper was accepted for this volume.
- Exploring Strength- and Growth-Based Learning Analytics: Possibilities and Challenges for New Data, Models and Tools 295-301
  Alyssa Wise, Fanjie Li

2024-03-15: submitted by Martin Hlosta, metadata incl. bibliographic data published under Creative Commons CC0
2024-04-20: published on CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org, ISSN 1613-0073) |valid HTML5|