{"id":1008341,"date":"2024-12-27T11:01:51","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:01:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1008341.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T11:01:53","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:01:53","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e6%a0%91%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1008341.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u5efa\u7acb\u6811\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u8868\u793a\u6811\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u5e76\u4fbf\u4e8e\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u8282\u70b9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u6210\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u5411\u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

class TreeNode:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, value):<\/p>\n
        self.value = value<\/p>\n
        self.children = []<\/p>\n
    def add_child(self, child_node):<\/p>\n
        self.children.append(child_node)<\/p>\n
    def remove_child(self, child_node):<\/p>\n
        self.children = [child for child in self.children if child != child_node]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cTreeNode<\/code>\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u548c\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u3002add_child<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u800cremove_child<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u6811\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9012\u5f52\u6216\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u6784\u5efa\u6811\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def build_tree(root, values):<\/p>\n
    for value in values:<\/p>\n
        child_node = TreeNode(value)<\/p>\n
        root.add_child(child_node)<\/p>\n
        # \u9012\u5f52\u5730\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6784\u5efa\u5b50\u6811<\/p>\n
        build_tree(child_node, [])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2abuild_tree<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u6784\u5efa\u5b50\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u8282\u70b9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5217\u8868\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u5e8f\u6811\uff0c\u800c\u5b57\u5178\u5219\u66f4\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class TreeNodeWithDict:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, value):<\/p>\n
        self.value = value<\/p>\n
        self.children = {}<\/p>\n
    def add_child(self, child_key, child_node):<\/p>\n
        self.children[child_key] = child_node<\/p>\n
    def remove_child(self, child_key):<\/p>\n
        if child_key in self.children:<\/p>\n
            del self.children[child_key]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cTreeNodeWithDict<\/code>\u7c7b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\u3002\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff08DFS\uff09\u548c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff08BFS\uff09\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff08DFS\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    def dfs(node):<\/p>\n
        if node is None:<\/p>\n
            return<\/p>\n
        print(node.value)<\/p>\n
        for child in node.children:<\/p>\n
            dfs(child)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    DFS\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9012\u5f52\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u8bbf\u95ee\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff08BFS\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      from collections import deque<\/p>\n
      def bfs(root):<\/p>\n
          if root is None:<\/p>\n
              return<\/p>\n
          queue = deque([root])<\/p>\n
          while queue:<\/p>\n
              node = queue.popleft()<\/p>\n
              print(node.value)<\/p>\n
              for child in node.children:<\/p>\n
                  queue.append(child)<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      BFS\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8fed\u4ee3\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u961f\u5217\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5c1a\u672a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u8bbf\u95ee\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9010\u5c42\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e94\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u548c\u89e3\u6790\u6811\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5458\u5de5\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7ecf\u7406\u662f\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5458\u5de5\u662f\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8868\u793a\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7ec4\u7ec7\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u51b3\u7b56\u6811<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u662f\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60<\/a>\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u8868\u793a\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u542b\u51b3\u7b56\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u89e3\u6790\u6811<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u6811\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u89e3\u6790\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u8bed\u6cd5\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790\u6811\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bed\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\u3001\u9012\u5f52\u6784\u5efa\u6811\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
               \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6811\u8282\u70b9\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6811\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5176\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
              class TreeNode:\n    def __init__(self, data):\n        self.data = data\n        self.children = []\n    \n    def add_child(self, child_node):\n        self.children.append(child_node)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
              \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
              Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u89e3\u6790\u5404\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982JSON\uff09\u3002\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u540c\u6837\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u7b56\u6811\u548c\u5c42\u6b21\u805a\u7c7b\u7b49\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u5982\u4f55\u904d\u5386Python\u4e2d\u7684\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u904d\u5386\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff08DFS\uff09\u548c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff08BFS\uff09\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0DFS\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u961f\u5217\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0BFS\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
              def dfs(node):\n    print(node.data)  # \u5904\u7406\u8282\u70b9\n    for child in node.children:\n        dfs(child)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
              \u8fd9\u79cd\u904d\u5386\u65b9\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u8bbf\u95ee\u6811\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u5efa\u7acb\u6811\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1008347,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008341"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1008341"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1008351,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008341\/revisions\/1008351"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1008347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1008341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1008341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1008341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}