{"id":1010218,"date":"2024-12-27T11:19:01","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:19:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1010218.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T11:19:06","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:19:06","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%b2%e5%8f%a3%e9%80%9a%e8%ae%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1010218.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u4f5c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u8baf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u4f5c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u8baf\"<\/p>\n

Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93pySerial\u8fdb\u884c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u3001pySerial\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e32\u53e3\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u652f\u6301\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u9002\u5408\u4e0e\u5404\u79cd\u4e32\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528pySerial\u5e93\uff0c\u8be5\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86pySerial\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528pySerial\u8fdb\u884c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u4e32\u53e3\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u4e32\u53e3\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e32\u53e3\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u3001\u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\u8bbe\u5907\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5pySerial\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5pySerial\u5e93\u3002pySerial\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5728Windows\u3001Linux\u548cMacOS\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5pySerial\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pyserial<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u8be5\u5e93\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9996\u5148\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3\u3002\u5728pySerial\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSerial<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import serial<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ser = serial.Serial(port='COM1', baudrate=9600, timeout=1)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aCOM1<\/code>\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e3a9600\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u8bbe\u4e3a1\u79d2\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e32\u53e3\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\/dev\/ttyUSB0<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u4e32\u53e3\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e32\u53e3\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u53c2\u6570\u5305\u62ec\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u548c\u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u914d\u7f6e\u4e32\u53e3\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n
ser.baudrate = 9600  # \u6ce2\u7279\u7387<\/p>\n
ser.bytesize = serial.EIGHTBITS  # \u6570\u636e\u4f4d<\/p>\n
ser.parity = serial.PARITY_NONE  # \u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d<\/p>\n
ser.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_ONE  # \u505c\u6b62\u4f4d<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u4e32\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u901a\u4fe1\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u6570\u636e\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u4e32\u53e3\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e86\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5199\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
ser.write(b'Hello, World!')<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data = ser.read(100)  # \u8bfb\u53d6\u6700\u591a100\u5b57\u8282<\/p>\n
print(data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5411\u4e32\u53e3\u5199\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u4e32\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e86\u6700\u591a100\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u963b\u585e\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u7b49\u5f85\u76f4\u5230\u8d85\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u4e32\u53e3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b8c\u6210\u901a\u4fe1\u540e\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f97\u5173\u95ed\u4e32\u53e3\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5173\u95ed\u4e32\u53e3<\/p>\n
ser.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4e32\u53e3\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e32\u53e3\u672a\u6253\u5f00\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u8d85\u65f6\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u53ca\u65f6\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u4e32\u53e3\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    # \u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3<\/p>\n
    ser = serial.Serial(port='COM1', baudrate=9600, timeout=1)<\/p>\n
    # \u5199\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
    ser.write(b'Hello, World!')<\/p>\n
    # \u8bfb\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
    data = ser.read(100)<\/p>\n
    print(data)<\/p>\n
except serial.SerialException as e:<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u4e32\u53e3\u5f02\u5e38: {e}")<\/p>\n
finally:<\/p>\n
    # \u5173\u95ed\u4e32\u53e3<\/p>\n
    ser.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u5173\u95ed\u4e32\u53e3\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pySerial\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5e93\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e32\u53e3\u7684\u547d\u540d\u548c\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5728Windows\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5COM<\/code>\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5982COM1<\/code>\uff1b\u5728Linux\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\/dev\/tty<\/code>\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5982\/dev\/ttyUSB0<\/code>\uff1b\u800c\u5728MacOS\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e32\u53e3\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\/dev\/cu.<\/code>\u5f00\u5934\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e32\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u8bbe\u5907\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u901a\u4fe1\u6548\u7387<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    \u8c03\u6574\u6ce2\u7279\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u9ad8\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u786c\u4ef6\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u4f18\u5316\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u6d41\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u6d41\u63a7\u5236\uff08\u5982RTS\/CTS\uff09\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u5f02\u6b65IO<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u5f02\u6b65IO\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e5d\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    Python\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0ePLC\uff08\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u903b\u8f91\u63a7\u5236\u5668\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\uff1b\u5728\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0e\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u7b49\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff1b\u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6Python\u5e93\uff0c\u5982pandas\u3001numpy\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u603b\u4e4b\uff0cPython\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u4e32\u53e3\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f18\u5316\u901a\u4fe1\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fd8\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cpySerial\u5e93\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
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