{"id":1011454,"date":"2024-12-27T11:30:01","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:30:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1011454.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T11:30:03","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:30:03","slug":"python-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95get%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e5%8f%82%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1011454.html","title":{"rendered":"python \u5982\u4f55get\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7requests<\/code>\u5e93\u548curllib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u5904\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790URL\u83b7\u53d6GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong>\u5bf9\u4e8ePython\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5904\u7406GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528REQUESTS\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

requests<\/code>\u5e93\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5e93\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ca\u5176\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    requests<\/code>\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42URL\u4e2d\u9644\u52a0\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5904\u7406GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    import requests<\/p>\n
    response = requests.get('https:\/\/api.example.com\/data', params={'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'})<\/p>\n
    print(response.url)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528params<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002requests<\/code>\u5e93\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u7f16\u7801\u4e3aURL\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u9644\u52a0\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42URL\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u5728\u83b7\u53d6GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u3002requests<\/code>\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import requests<\/p>\n
      response = requests.get('https:\/\/api.example.com\/data', params={'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'})<\/p>\n
      if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n
          data = response.json()  # \u5047\u8bbe\u54cd\u5e94\u662fJSON\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n
          print(data)<\/p>\n
      else:<\/p>\n
          print('\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff1a', response.status_code)<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528response.json()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u6790\u4e3aPython\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528URLLIB\u6a21\u5757\u83b7\u53d6GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      urllib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406URL\u548cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u6bd4requests<\/code>\u5e93\u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ecd\u7136\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u8981\u4f7f\u7528urllib<\/code>\u5904\u7406GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u6784\u5efaURL\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7urllib.parse<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        from urllib.parse import urlencode<\/p>\n
        from urllib.request import urlopen<\/p>\n
        params = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}<\/p>\n
        url = 'https:\/\/api.example.com\/data?' + urlencode(params)<\/p>\n
        response = urlopen(url)<\/p>\n
        print(response.read().decode('utf-8'))<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528urlencode<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u5b57\u5178\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u9644\u52a0\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42URL\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e0erequests<\/code>\u5e93\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0curllib<\/code>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          from urllib.parse import urlencode<\/p>\n
          from urllib.request import urlopen<\/p>\n
          import json<\/p>\n
          params = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}<\/p>\n
          url = 'https:\/\/api.example.com\/data?' + urlencode(params)<\/p>\n
          response = urlopen(url)<\/p>\n
          response_data = response.read().decode('utf-8')<\/p>\n
          data = json.loads(response_data)  # \u5047\u8bbe\u54cd\u5e94\u662fJSON\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n
          print(data)<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528json.loads()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u6790\u4e3aPython\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4e09\u3001\u89e3\u6790URL\u83b7\u53d6GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790\u73b0\u6709URL\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u3002urllib.parse<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u89e3\u6790\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u8981\u89e3\u6790URL\u4e2d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528urllib.parse.parse_qs()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs<\/p>\n
            url = 'https:\/\/api.example.com\/data?key1=value1&key2=value2'<\/p>\n
            parsed_url = urlparse(url)<\/p>\n
            query_params = parse_qs(parsed_url.query)<\/p>\n
            print(query_params)<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528urlparse()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u89e3\u6790URL\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528parse_qs()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u89e3\u6790\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u79f0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u952e\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742URL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u5728\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742URL\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528urllib.parse<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u6784\u5efaURL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs, urlunparse<\/p>\n
              url = 'https:\/\/api.example.com\/data?key1=value1&key2=value2'<\/p>\n
              parsed_url = urlparse(url)<\/p>\n
              query_params = parse_qs(parsed_url.query)<\/p>\n
              \u4fee\u6539\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
              query_params['key3'] = 'value3'<\/p>\n
              \u6784\u5efa\u65b0\u7684URL<\/strong><\/h2>\n
              new_query = urlencode(query_params, doseq=True)<\/p>\n
              new_url = urlunparse(parsed_url._replace(query=new_query))<\/p>\n
              print(new_url)<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u89e3\u6790URL\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528urlunparse()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6784\u5efa\u65b0\u7684URL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u662f\u5904\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7b80\u5316\u548c\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n
              2. urllib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u5904\u7406URL\u548cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/li>\n
              3. \u89e3\u6790URL\u4e2d\u7684GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u73b0\u6709URL\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5bf9URL\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \u65e0\u8bba\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u53c2\u6570\uff1f<\/strong>
                \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5requests\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip install requests<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528params<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
                import requests\n\nurl = "https:\/\/api.example.com\/data"\nparams = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}\nresponse = requests.get(url, params=params)\n\nprint(response.url)  # \u67e5\u770b\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b8c\u6574URL\nprint(response.json())  # \u83b7\u53d6\u54cd\u5e94\u7684JSON\u6570\u636e\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff1f<\/strong>
                \u5728GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684URL\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u5982\u7a7a\u683c\u3001&\u3001?\u7b49\uff09\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u5e93\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u786e\u4fddURL\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528urllib.parse<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684quote<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
                import urllib.parse\n\nparam = "value with spaces & special chars"\nencoded_param = urllib.parse.quote(param)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u5982\u4f55\u4eceGET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
                \u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u901a\u5e38\u662fJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528response.json()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPython\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u503c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
                data = response.json()\nspecific_value = data.get('key_of_interest')\nprint(specific_value)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u524d\u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7requests\u5e93\u548curllib\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u5904\u7406 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1011464,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1011454"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1011454"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1011454\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1011466,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1011454\/revisions\/1011466"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1011464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1011454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1011454"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1011454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}