{"id":1014312,"date":"2024-12-27T11:55:13","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:55:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1014312.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T11:55:15","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:55:15","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%86%e7%a6%bb%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%aepython","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1014312.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u79bb\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636epython"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u79bb\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636epython\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u4f7f\u7528for\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49<\/strong>\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u4f7f\u7528for\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982items()\u3001keys()\u3001values()\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5206\u79bb\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u63d0\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u63d0\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u5178\u7684keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u53d6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

# \u793a\u4f8b\u5b57\u5178<\/p>\n
example_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u63d0\u53d6\u952e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
keys = [key for key in example_dict]<\/p>\n
print(keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u7528\u4e8e\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u63d0\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u503c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u503c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7values()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u63d0\u53d6\u503c<\/p>\n
values = [value for value in example_dict.values()]<\/p>\n
print(values)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u540c\u6837\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5b57\u5178\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u63d0\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u548c\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528items()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u63d0\u53d6\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/p>\n
items = [(key, value) for key, value in example_dict.items()]<\/p>\n
print(items)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3)]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528FOR\u5faa\u73af<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7for\u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5206\u79bb\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528FOR\u5faa\u73af\u63d0\u53d6\u952e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
keys = []<\/p>\n
for key in example_dict:<\/p>\n
    keys.append(key)<\/p>\n
print(keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5982\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u989d\u5916\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528FOR\u5faa\u73af\u63d0\u53d6\u503c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
values = []<\/p>\n
for value in example_dict.values():<\/p>\n
    values.append(value)<\/p>\n
print(values)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u63d0\u53d6\u503c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6216\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0cfor\u5faa\u73af\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528FOR\u5faa\u73af\u63d0\u53d6\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
items = []<\/p>\n
for key, value in example_dict.items():<\/p>\n
    items.append((key, value))<\/p>\n
print(items)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3)]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u5b57\u5178\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\uff0cfor\u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u7b49\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u79bb\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528KEYS()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
keys = example_dict.keys()<\/p>\n
print(list(keys))  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u662f\u63d0\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u7684\u9996\u9009\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528VALUES()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
values()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
values = example_dict.values()<\/p>\n
print(list(values))  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u9700\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528ITEMS()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
items()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
items = example_dict.items()<\/p>\n
print(list(items))  # \u8f93\u51fa: [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3)]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5728\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u79bb\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u6d17\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u6216\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u89e3\u6790JSON\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u79bb\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import json<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542bJSON\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('data.json', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    data = json.load(file)<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u53d6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
keys = data.keys()<\/p>\n
values = data.values()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406API\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u79bb\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
response = requests.get('https:\/\/api.example.com\/data')<\/p>\n
data = response.json()<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u53d6\u5b57\u6bb5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
important_keys = [key for key in data if 'important' in key]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0cPython\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5206\u79bb\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u90fd\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684items()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5305\u542b\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\u7531\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_dict.items()<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7list()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}\nlist_of_tuples = list(my_dict.items())\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\uff0clist_of_tuples<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u5c06\u4e3a[('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3)]<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u5206\u79bb\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u6765\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7b5b\u9009\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u4ece\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c\u5927\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff1a  <\/p>\n
my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 5, 'c': 3}\nfiltered_dict = {k: v for k, v in my_dict.items() if v > 2}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cfiltered_dict<\/code>\u5c06\u5305\u542b{'b': 5, 'c': 3}<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u5206\u5f00\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff1f<\/strong>
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528keys()<\/code>\u548cvalues()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8f7b\u677e\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u5206\u5f00\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}\nkeys_list = list(my_dict.keys())\nvalues_list = list(my_dict.values())\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0ckeys_list<\/code>\u5c06\u4e3a['a', 'b', 'c']<\/code>\uff0c\u800cvalues_list<\/code>\u5c06\u4e3a[1, 2, 3]<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u4f7f\u7528for\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1014319,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1014312"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1014312"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1014312\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1014321,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1014312\/revisions\/1014321"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1014319"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1014312"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1014312"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1014312"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}