{"id":1019422,"date":"2024-12-27T12:59:33","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T04:59:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1019422.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T13:00:01","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T05:00:01","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%98%be%e7%a4%ba%e6%af%ab%e7%a7%92","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1019422.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u663e\u793a\u6beb\u79d2"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u663e\u793a\u6beb\u79d2\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528datetime\u6a21\u5757\u3001time\u6a21\u5757\u3001strftime\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4ee5\u53caformatted string<\/strong>\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002datetime\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u6570\u636e\uff0ctime\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff0cstrftime\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800cformatted string<\/strong>\u8ba9\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u4fbf\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528datetime\u6a21\u5757\u7684strftime\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a\u5305\u542b\u6beb\u79d2\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 DATETIME \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

datetime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528datetime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

from datetime import datetime<\/p>\n
now = datetime.now()<\/p>\n
print("\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a", now)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6beb\u79d2\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a2023-10-08 15:45:30.123456<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528strftime<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
formatted_time = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f")<\/p>\n
print("\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a", formatted_time)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728strftime<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c%f<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u5fae\u79d2\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u663e\u793a\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u622a\u53d6\u524d\u4e09\u4f4d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
formatted_time_millis = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f")[:-3]<\/p>\n
print("\u5305\u542b\u6beb\u79d2\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a", formatted_time_millis)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 TIME \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
time<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u662f\u81ea1970\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u79d2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528time()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
current_time = time.time()<\/p>\n
print("\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff1a", current_time)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5305\u542b\u6beb\u79d2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
local_time = time.localtime(current_time)<\/p>\n
formatted_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", local_time)<\/p>\n
milliseconds = int((current_time - int(current_time)) * 1000)<\/p>\n
print("\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a{}.{:03d}".format(formatted_time, milliseconds))<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528strftime<\/code>\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u6beb\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 STRFTIME \u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
strftime<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u591a\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528strftime<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from datetime import datetime<\/p>\n
now = datetime.now()<\/p>\n
formatted_time = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f")[:-3]<\/p>\n
print("\u57fa\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a", formatted_time)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u683c\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
strftime<\/code>\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
custom_format = now.strftime("Year: %Y, Month: %m, Day: %d, Time: %H:%M:%S.%f")[:-3]<\/p>\n
print("\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a", custom_format)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u81ea\u7531\u52a0\u5165\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 FORMATTED STRING<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python 3.6\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0cf-string<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528f-string<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from datetime import datetime<\/p>\n
now = datetime.now()<\/p>\n
formatted_time = f"{now:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f}"[:-3]<\/p>\n
print("f-string\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a", formatted_time)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u7075\u6d3b\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
f-string<\/code>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u7ec4\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
name = "Alice"<\/p>\n
formatted_string = f"Hello {name}, the current time is {now:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f}"[:-3]<\/p>\n
print("\u7075\u6d3b\u7684f-string\uff1a", formatted_string)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba9\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u7b80\u5355\u6027<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • datetime\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n
  • time\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<\/li>\n
  • strftime\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n
  • formatted string<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u5408Python 3.6\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    2. \u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    • datetime\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u548cstrftime\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u95f4\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n
    • time\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff1a\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
    • formatted string<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6613\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3Python\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      3. \u6027\u80fd<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u6027\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\uff0cdatetime\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u548ctime\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u4f7f\u7528f-string<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u660e\u663e\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u5f02\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u516d\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      1. \u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5305\u542b\u6beb\u79d2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u683c\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7cbe\u786e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import logging<\/p>\n
      from datetime import datetime<\/p>\n
      logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)<\/p>\n
      def log_event(event):<\/p>\n
          now = datetime.now()<\/p>\n
          timestamp = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f")[:-3]<\/p>\n
          logging.info(f"Event '{event}' occurred at {timestamp}")<\/p>\n
      log_event("User login")<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      2. \u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u9891\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
      from datetime import datetime<\/p>\n
      data = {<\/p>\n
          'time': [datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f")[:-3] for _ in range(5)],<\/p>\n
          'value': [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]<\/p>\n
      }<\/p>\n
      df = pd.DataFrame(data)<\/p>\n
      print(df)<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      3. \u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u548c\u91d1\u878d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import time<\/p>\n
      def monitor_system():<\/p>\n
          while True:<\/p>\n
              current_time = time.time()<\/p>\n
              formatted_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(current_time))<\/p>\n
              milliseconds = int((current_time - int(current_time)) * 1000)<\/p>\n
              print(f"System check at {formatted_time}.{milliseconds:03d}")<\/p>\n
              time.sleep(1)<\/p>\n
      monitor_system()<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e03\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728Python\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u6beb\u79d2\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0cdatetime\u6a21\u5757\u548cstrftime\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002formatted string<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408Python 3.6\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
       \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6beb\u79d2\u90e8\u5206\uff1f<\/strong>
      \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528datetime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u6beb\u79d2\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5bfc\u5165datetime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528datetime.now()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7microsecond<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u83b7\u53d6\u5fae\u79d2\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u5176\u9664\u4ee51000\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
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      \u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u6beb\u79d2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528strftime<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408microsecond<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e76\u5728\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0%f<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5fae\u79d2\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a\u4e09\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u663e\u793a\u6beb\u79d2\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
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