{"id":1020604,"date":"2024-12-27T13:13:44","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T05:13:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1020604.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T13:13:46","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T05:13:46","slug":"%e7%bd%91%e9%a1%b5%e5%90%8e%e7%ab%afpython%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%9b%91%e5%90%ac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1020604.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7f51\u9875\u540e\u7aefpython\u5982\u4f55\u76d1\u542c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u7f51\u9875\u540e\u7aefpython\u5982\u4f55\u76d1\u542c\"<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7f51\u9875\u540e\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528Python\u76d1\u542c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u3001Django\u3001FastAPI\u7b49\u6846\u67b6<\/strong>\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u6846\u67b6\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u4ee5\u53ca\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u76d1\u542c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Flask\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u6216\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u53d1\u539f\u578b\u3002\u5b83\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u9ad8\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u4e0a\u624b\uff0c\u4e14\u5177\u5907\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u76d1\u542c\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Flask\u5e93\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531\u548c\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2aURL\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002Flask\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cdHTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982GET\u3001POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001FLASK\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u76d1\u542c\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Flask\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u578b\u7684Python Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efaWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b80\u6d01\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5c0f\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001Flask\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Flask\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177pip\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install Flask<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Flask\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684Flask\u5e94\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Flask<\/p>\n
app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/')<\/p>\n
def hello_world():<\/p>\n
    return 'Hello, World!'<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__mAI<\/a>n__':<\/p>\n
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2aFlask\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u76845000\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u76d1\u542c\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002app.route('\/')<\/code>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6839URL\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u8c03\u7528hello_world<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Flask\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u591a\u79cdHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ecGET\u3001POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8def\u7531\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9amethods\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u9650\u5236\u8def\u7531\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import request<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/submit', methods=['POST'])<\/p>\n
def submit_data():<\/p>\n
    data = request.form['data']<\/p>\n
    return f'Data received: {data}'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8def\u7531\/submit<\/code>\uff0c\u4ec5\u5904\u7406POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u901a\u8fc7request.form<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001DJANGO\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u76d1\u542c\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Django\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u6784\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5927\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982ORM\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001Django\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5Django\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install Django<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Django\u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
django-admin startproject myproject<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fdb\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8Django\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python manage.py runserver<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c06\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u57288000\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u76d1\u542c\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0e\u8def\u7531<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Django\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u800c\u8def\u7531\uff08URLconf\uff09\u5219\u5c06URL\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u89c6\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python manage.py startapp myapp<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728myapp\/views.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from django.http import HttpResponse<\/p>\n
def hello_world(request):<\/p>\n
    return HttpResponse('Hello, World!')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684urls.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from django.urls import path<\/p>\n
from myapp import views<\/p>\n
urlpatterns = [<\/p>\n
    path('', views.hello_world),<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6839URL\u65f6\uff0cDjango\u5c06\u8c03\u7528hello_world<\/code>\u89c6\u56fe\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001FASTAPI\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u76d1\u542c\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
FastAPI\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u7684Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6027\u80fdAPI\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001FastAPI\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5FastAPI\u548cASGI\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5982uvicorn\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install fastapi uvicorn<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684FastAPI\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from fastapi import FastAPI<\/p>\n
app = FastAPI()<\/p>\n
@app.get('\/')<\/p>\n
async def hello_world():<\/p>\n
    return {'message': 'Hello, World!'}<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    import uvicorn<\/p>\n
    uvicorn.run(app, host='0.0.0.0', port=8000)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528uvicorn\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
uvicorn main:app --reload<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aFastAPI\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u57288000\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u76d1\u542c\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u6b65\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
FastAPI\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from fastapi import Request<\/p>\n
@app.post('\/submit')<\/p>\n
async def submit_data(request: Request):<\/p>\n
    data = await request.json()<\/p>\n
    return {'received_data': data}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8def\u7531\/submit<\/code>\uff0c\u5904\u7406POST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6JSON\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u76d1\u542c\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u76d1\u542c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u3002FastAPI\u539f\u751f\u652f\u6301\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u800cFlask\u548cDjango\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f02\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\uff09\u65f6\u91ca\u653e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u89c6\u56fe\u4e4b\u524d\u6216\u54cd\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c\u989d\u5916\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001CORS\u652f\u6301\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fFlask\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
@app.before_request<\/p>\n
def log_request():<\/p>\n
    print(f'Received request: {request.method} {request.path}')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u76d1\u542c\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n