{"id":1022246,"date":"2024-12-27T13:32:10","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T05:32:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1022246.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T13:32:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T05:32:12","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%8f%90%e5%8d%87request%e9%80%9f%e5%ba%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1022246.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u5347request\u901f\u5ea6"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25164620\/42771ff3-8871-4204-b5b1-8902f556e5d8.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u5347request\u901f\u5ea6\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> \u5728\u63d0\u5347Python\u4e2d<code>requests<\/code>\u5e93\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u65f6\uff0c<strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3001\u542f\u7528\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u4f7f\u7528CDN<\/strong>\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u7b49\u5f85\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u603b\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u5e93\u5982<code><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>ohttp<\/code>\u66ff\u4ee3<code>requests<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u63d0\u5347HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>1.1 \u4f7f\u7528<code>aiohttp<\/code><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>aiohttp<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5f02\u6b65HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4e0e<code>requests<\/code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c<code>aiohttp<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528<code>async<\/code>\u548c<code>await<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import aiohttp<\/p>\n<p>import asyncio<\/p>\n<p>async def fetch(url):<\/p>\n<p>    async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:<\/p>\n<p>        async with session.get(url) as response:<\/p>\n<p>            return await response.text()<\/p>\n<p>async def main():<\/p>\n<p>    urls = [&#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;] * 5<\/p>\n<p>    tasks = [fetch(url) for url in urls]<\/p>\n<p>    results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)<\/p>\n<p>    print(results)<\/p>\n<p>asyncio.run(main())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>fetch<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\uff0c<code>async with<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u5f02\u6b65\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<code>asyncio.gather<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>1.2 \u5f02\u6b65\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u7531\u4e8ePython\u7684<code>asyncio<\/code>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u963b\u585e\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7b49\u5f85\u8bf7\u6c42\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8eI\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8bf7\u6c42\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<code>requests<\/code>\u5e93\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u652f\u6301\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>requests.adapters<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>2.1 \u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>requests<\/code>\u5e93\u7684<code>Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u7528TCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<code>Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>session = requests.Session()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>adapter = requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter(pool_connections=100, pool_maxsize=100)<\/p>\n<p>session.mount(&#39;http:\/\/&#39;, adapter)<\/p>\n<p>response = session.get(&#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(response.text)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>2.2 \u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\u8bf7\u6c42\u76f8\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u901a\u8fc7\u590d\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u4e09\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u91cf<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u51cf\u5c11\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u51cf\u5c11\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>3.1 \u4f18\u5316\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u538b\u7f29\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>headers = {<\/p>\n<p>    &#39;User-Agent&#39;: &#39;my-app\/0.0.1&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>    &#39;Accept-Encoding&#39;: &#39;gzip, deflate&#39;<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(&#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;, headers=headers)<\/p>\n<p>print(response.text)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>3.2 \u51cf\u5c11\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9650\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u9875\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eRESTful API\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u9650\u5236\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u56db\u3001\u542f\u7528\u538b\u7f29<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u542f\u7528HTTP\u538b\u7f29\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>4.1 \u4f7f\u7528gzip\u538b\u7f29<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0<code>Accept-Encoding<\/code>\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u54cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>headers = {<\/p>\n<p>    &#39;Accept-Encoding&#39;: &#39;gzip, deflate&#39;<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(&#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;, headers=headers)<\/p>\n<p>print(response.text)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>4.2 \u538b\u7f29\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u542f\u7528\u538b\u7f29\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u867d\u7136\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684CPU\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f25\u8865\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528CDN<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u53d1\u7f51\u7edc\uff08CDN\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u901f\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u901f\u5ea6\u3002CDN\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u8d44\u6e90\u7f13\u5b58\u5230\u79bb\u7528\u6237\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>5.1 CDN\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>CDN\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u901f\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u7247\u3001CSS\u548cJavaScript\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528CDN\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230CDN\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u8d44\u6e90\u7684URL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>5.2 CDN\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>CDN\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u964d\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u5168\u7403\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0cCDN\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cCDN\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u516d\u3001\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>6.1 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728<code>requests<\/code>\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>timeout<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(&#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;, timeout=5)<\/p>\n<p>print(response.text)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>6.2 \u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u671f\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5feb\u901f\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u6216\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u4e03\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u540c\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>7.1 \u5b9e\u73b0HTTP\u7f13\u5b58<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>HTTP\u7f13\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u5934\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5982<code>Cache-Control<\/code>\u548c<code>ETag<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>requests-cache<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f13\u5b58\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests_cache<\/p>\n<p>requests_cache.install_cache(&#39;example_cache&#39;, backend=&#39;sqlite&#39;, expire_after=300)<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(&#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(response.from_cache)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>7.2 \u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u540c\u4e00\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u516b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528HTTP\/2<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>HTTP\/2\u534f\u8bae\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8eHTTP\/1.1\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>8.1 HTTP\/2\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>HTTP\/2\u652f\u6301\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u3001\u5934\u90e8\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u9001\u7b49\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u5e76\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u5934\u90e8\u538b\u7f29\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u800c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u9001\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u9001\u8d44\u6e90\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>8.2 \u5b9e\u73b0HTTP\/2<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528HTTP\/2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>hyper<\/code>\u6216<code>httpx<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528<code>httpx<\/code>\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import httpx<\/p>\n<p>response = httpx.get(&#39;http:\/\/example.com&#39;, http2=True)<\/p>\n<p>print(response.text)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u4e5d\u3001\u4f18\u5316DNS\u89e3\u6790<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>DNS\u89e3\u6790\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316DNS\u89e3\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>9.1 \u4f7f\u7528DNS\u7f13\u5b58<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>DNS\u7f13\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11DNS\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ea7\u522b\u5b9e\u73b0DNS\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>9.2 \u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9009\u62e9\u5feb\u901f\u53ef\u9760\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11DNS\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u516c\u5171DNS\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982Google DNS\u548cCloudflare DNS\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u63d0\u4f9b\u8f83\u5feb\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u5341\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u63d0\u5347Python\u4e2d<code>requests<\/code>\u5e93\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001CDN\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u548cHTTP\/2\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u548c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316Python\u4e2d\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u6027\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f18\u5316HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e93\u5982<code>aiohttp<\/code>\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5229\u7528<code>requests<\/code>\u5e93\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u91cd\u7528TCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u8bf7\u6c42\u963b\u585e\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528Python\u65f6\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86<code>requests<\/code>\u548c<code>aiohttp<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5e93\u5982<code>httpx<\/code>\u548c<code>urllib3<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<code>httpx<\/code>\u652f\u6301\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e<code>requests<\/code> API\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u800c<code>urllib3<\/code>\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u591a\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u63d0\u5347\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u5bf9\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u786e\u4fdd\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5e26\u5bbd\u8db3\u591f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528CDN\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u5185\u5bb9\u4ea4\u4ed8\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u65f6\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u51cf\u5c11\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728\u63d0\u5347Python\u4e2drequests\u5e93\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u901f\u5ea6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3001\u542f\u7528\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u4f7f\u7528C [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1022249,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1022246"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1022246"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1022246\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1022250,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1022246\/revisions\/1022250"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1022249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1022246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1022246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1022246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}