from flask import Blueprint, jsonify<\/p>\nanimals_bp = Blueprint('animals', __name__)<\/p>\n
@animals_bp.route('\/animals', methods=['GET'])<\/p>\n
def get_animals():<\/p>\n
animals = ['Dog', 'Cat', 'Elephant']<\/p>\n
return jsonify(animals)<\/p>\n
@animals_bp.route('\/animals', methods=['POST'])<\/p>\n
def add_animal():<\/p>\n
new_animal = request.json.get('animal')<\/p>\n
return jsonify({'animal': new_animal}), 201<\/p>\n
app.register_blueprint(animals_bp, url_prefix='\/api')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u84dd\u56fe\u5c06\u52a8\u7269\u76f8\u5173\u7684 API \u7aef\u70b9\u5206\u79bb\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u4e3b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001Django \u521b\u5efa RESTful API<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
Django \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 Web \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u7684 Web \u5e94\u7528\u3002Django REST framework \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa RESTful API \u7684 Django \u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1 \u5b89\u88c5 Django \u548c Django REST framework<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 Django \u548c Django REST framework\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install Django djangorestframework<\/p>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.2 \u521b\u5efa Django \u9879\u76ee\u548c\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
django-admin startproject myproject<\/p>\ncd myproject<\/p>\n
django-admin startapp myapp<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.3 \u914d\u7f6e Django REST framework<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728 myproject\/settings.py<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 rest_framework<\/code> \u5230 INSTALLED_APPS<\/code> \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\nINSTALLED_APPS = [<\/p>\n ...<\/p>\n
'rest_framework',<\/p>\n
'myapp',<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.4 \u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728 myapp\/models.py<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\nfrom django.db import models<\/p>\nclass Animal(models.Model):<\/p>\n
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)<\/p>\n
def __str__(self):<\/p>\n
return self.name<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728 myapp\/serializers.py<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\nfrom rest_framework import serializers<\/p>\nfrom .models import Animal<\/p>\n
class AnimalSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):<\/p>\n
class Meta:<\/p>\n
model = Animal<\/p>\n
fields = ['id', 'name']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.5 \u521b\u5efa\u89c6\u56fe\u548c\u8def\u7531<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728 myapp\/views.py<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\nfrom rest_framework import generics<\/p>\nfrom .models import Animal<\/p>\n
from .serializers import AnimalSerializer<\/p>\n
class AnimalListCreate(generics.ListCreateAPIView):<\/p>\n
queryset = Animal.objects.all()<\/p>\n
serializer_class = AnimalSerializer<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728 myapp\/urls.py<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\nfrom django.urls import path<\/p>\nfrom .views import AnimalListCreate<\/p>\n
urlpatterns = [<\/p>\n
path('animals\/', AnimalListCreate.as_view(), name='animal-list-create'),<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728 myproject\/urls.py<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\nfrom django.contrib import admin<\/p>\nfrom django.urls import path, include<\/p>\n
urlpatterns = [<\/p>\n
path('admin\/', admin.site.urls),<\/p>\n
path('api\/', include('myapp.urls')),<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.6 \u8fc1\u79fb\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u9879\u76ee<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
python manage.py makemigrations<\/p>\npython manage.py migrate<\/p>\n
python manage.py runserver<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/api\/animals\/<\/code> \u6765\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u52a8\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u56db\u3001FastAPI \u521b\u5efa RESTful API<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
FastAPI \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u3001\u5feb\u901f\uff08\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\uff09\u7684 Web \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa API\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6807\u51c6 Python \u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.1 \u5b89\u88c5 FastAPI \u548c Uvicorn<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
pip install fastapi uvicorn<\/p>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4.2 \u521b\u5efa FastAPI \u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528 FastAPI \u521b\u5efa\u7b80\u5355 RESTful API \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from fastapi import FastAPI<\/p>\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel<\/p>\n
from typing import List<\/p>\n
app = FastAPI()<\/p>\n
class Animal(BaseModel):<\/p>\n
name: str<\/p>\n
animals = []<\/p>\n
@app.get("\/animals", response_model=List[Animal])<\/p>\n
def get_animals():<\/p>\n
return animals<\/p>\n
@app.post("\/animals", response_model=Animal)<\/p>\n
def add_animal(animal: Animal):<\/p>\n
animals.append(animal)<\/p>\n
return animal<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
import uvicorn<\/p>\n
uvicorn.run(app, host='127.0.0.1', port=8000, log_level='info')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a API \u7aef\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nGET \/animals<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u52a8\u7269\u5217\u8868\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\nPOST \/animals<\/code>\uff1a\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n4.3 FastAPI \u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
FastAPI \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u3001\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\u548c WebSocket \u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.3.1 \u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from fastapi import Depends<\/p>\ndef get_db():<\/p>\n
db = "Database Connection"<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
yield db<\/p>\n
finally:<\/p>\n
pass<\/p>\n
@app.get("\/items\/")<\/p>\n
def read_items(db: str = Depends(get_db)):<\/p>\n
return {"db": db}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879 get_db<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c read_items<\/code> \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n4.3.2 \u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
FastAPI \u652f\u6301\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from fastapi import BackgroundTasks<\/p>\ndef write_log(message: str):<\/p>\n
with open("log.txt", "a") as log_file:<\/p>\n
log_file.write(message + "\\n")<\/p>\n
@app.post("\/send-notification\/")<\/p>\n
def send_notification(email: str, background_tasks: BackgroundTasks):<\/p>\n
background_tasks.add_task(write_log, f"Notification sent to {email}")<\/p>\n
return {"message": "Notification sent"}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1 write_log<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c send_notification<\/code> \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86 Python \u5199\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 Flask \u521b\u5efa RESTful API\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 Django \u521b\u5efa RESTful API \u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528 FastAPI \u521b\u5efa RESTful API\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60a8\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u504f\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u65e0\u8bba\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n \u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u7f16\u5199Python\u63a5\u53e3\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u7f16\u5199Python\u63a5\u53e3\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u5305\u62ecJSON\u3001XML\u548cYAML\u3002JSON\u56e0\u5176\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u5408Web API\u3002XML\u5219\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u800cYAML\u4ee5\u5176\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\nPython\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\uff1f<\/strong>
Python\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5305\u62ec\u7aef\u70b9URL\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982GET\u3001POST\u7b49\uff09\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u683c\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u6863\u751f\u6210\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Swagger\u6216OpenAPI\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u751f\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u6863\u66f4\u4e3a\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528json<\/code>\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eXML\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528xml.etree.ElementTree<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eYAML\u683c\u5f0f\uff0cPyYAML<\/code>\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u95e8\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u65e0\u7f1d\u5bf9\u63a5\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python \u5199\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 Flask \u6216 Django \u7b49\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u521b\u5efa R […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1030985,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1030972"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1030972"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1030972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1030987,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1030972\/revisions\/1030987"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1030985"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1030972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1030972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1030972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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<\/p>\n