{"id":1032200,"date":"2024-12-31T11:31:42","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T03:31:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1032200.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T11:31:44","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T03:31:44","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%af%b9ftp%e5%8a%a0%e5%af%86%e4%bc%a0%e8%be%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1032200.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9FTP\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9FTP\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5b9e\u73b0FTP\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528ftplib\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5982paramiko\u3001\u914d\u7f6eSSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5982paramiko\u5b9e\u73b0SFTP\u4f20\u8f93\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528ftplib\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

ftplib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86FTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0cftplib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ftplib<\/code>\u7ed3\u5408ssl<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u73b0FTP\u7684SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import ftplib<\/p>\n
import ssl<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efaSSL\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/strong><\/h2>\n
context = ssl.create_default_context()<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efaFTP_TLS\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ftp = ftplib.FTP_TLS(context=context)<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u5230FTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ftp.connect('ftp.example.com', 21)<\/p>\n
\u767b\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ftp.login('username', 'password')<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6e\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ftp.prot_p()<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884cFTP\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ftp.retrlines('LIST')<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ftp.quit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528paramiko\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
paramiko<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86SSHv2\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0SFTP\uff08SSH File Transfer Protocol\uff09\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u3002paramiko<\/code>\u5e93\u6bd4ftplib<\/code>\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5paramiko<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5paramiko<\/code>\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install paramiko<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528paramiko\u5b9e\u73b0SFTP<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import paramiko<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efaSSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u5230SFTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ssh.connect('sftp.example.com', username='username', password='password')<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efaSFTP\u4f1a\u8bdd<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sftp = ssh.open_sftp()<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sftp.put('local_file.txt', 'remote_file.txt')<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sftp.get('remote_file.txt', 'local_file.txt')<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95edSFTP\u4f1a\u8bdd<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sftp.close()<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95edSSH\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ssh.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u914d\u7f6eSSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6eSSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528FTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684SSL\/TLS\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4ee5vsftpd\uff08Very Secure FTP Daemon\uff09\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5vsftpd<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
sudo apt-get install vsftpd<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u751f\u6210SSL\u8bc1\u4e66<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout \/etc\/ssl\/private\/vsftpd.pem -out \/etc\/ssl\/private\/vsftpd.pem<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u914d\u7f6evsftpd<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f16\u8f91\/etc\/vsftpd.conf<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u542f\u7528SSL<\/p>\n
ssl_enable=YES<\/p>\n
\u6307\u5b9aSSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
rsa_cert_file=\/etc\/ssl\/private\/vsftpd.pem<\/p>\n
rsa_private_key_file=\/etc\/ssl\/private\/vsftpd.pem<\/p>\n
\u5141\u8bb8\u533f\u540d\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528SSL<\/strong><\/h2>\n
allow_anon_ssl=NO<\/p>\n
\u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528SSL<\/strong><\/h2>\n
force_local_data_ssl=YES<\/p>\n
force_local_logins_ssl=YES<\/p>\n
\u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ssl_tlsv1=YES<\/p>\n
ssl_sslv2=NO<\/p>\n
ssl_sslv3=NO<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u91cd\u542fvsftpd\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart vsftpd<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u7ed3\u5408ftplib\u548cssl\u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u73b0FTPS<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u524d\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684ftplib<\/code>\u548cssl<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0FTPS\uff08FTP Secure\uff09\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import ftplib<\/p>\n
import ssl<\/p>\n
def ftp_secure_connect(host, port, username, password):<\/p>\n
    # \u521b\u5efaSSL\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/p>\n
    context = ssl.create_default_context()<\/p>\n
    # \u521b\u5efaFTP_TLS\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n
    ftp = ftplib.FTP_TLS(context=context)<\/p>\n
    # \u8fde\u63a5\u5230FTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n
    ftp.connect(host, port)<\/p>\n
    # \u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n
    ftp.login(username, password)<\/p>\n
    # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93<\/p>\n
    ftp.prot_p()<\/p>\n
    return ftp<\/p>\n
ftp = ftp_secure_connect('ftp.example.com', 21, 'username', 'password')<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884cFTP\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ftp.retrlines('LIST')<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ftp.quit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93pysftp<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
pysftp<\/code>\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0SFTP\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86paramiko\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5pysftp<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5pysftp<\/code>\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install pysftp<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528pysftp\u5b9e\u73b0SFTP<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pysftp<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49SFTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
hostname = 'sftp.example.com'<\/p>\n
username = 'username'<\/p>\n
password = 'password'<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efaSFTP\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with pysftp.Connection(hostname, username=username, password=password) as sftp:<\/p>\n
    # \u5207\u6362\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n
    sftp.cwd('\/path\/to\/directory')<\/p>\n
    # \u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
    sftp.put('local_file.txt')<\/p>\n
    # \u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
    sftp.get('remote_file.txt', 'local_file.txt')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pycurl\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
pycurl<\/code>\u5e93\u662flibcurl\u7684Python\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0FTP\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u3002pycurl<\/code>\u5e93\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5305\u62ecFTP\u3001FTPS\u548cSFTP\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5pycurl<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5pycurl<\/code>\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install pycurl<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528pycurl\u5b9e\u73b0FTPS<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pycurl<\/p>\n
from io import BytesIO<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49FTPS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
url = 'ftps:\/\/ftp.example.com\/remote_file.txt'<\/p>\n
username = 'username'<\/p>\n
password = 'password'<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efapycurl\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
curl = pycurl.Curl()<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6eFTPS URL<\/strong><\/h2>\n
curl.setopt(pycurl.URL, url)<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801<\/strong><\/h2>\n
curl.setopt(pycurl.USERPWD, f'{username}:{password}')<\/p>\n
\u542f\u7528SSL<\/strong><\/h2>\n
curl.setopt(pycurl.USE_SSL, pycurl.SSL_ALL)<\/p>\n
\u5ffd\u7565SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff08\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0)<\/p>\n
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0)<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
buffer = BytesIO()<\/p>\n
curl.setopt(pycurl.WRITEDATA, buffer)<\/p>\n
curl.perform()<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/h2>\n
response_code = curl.getinfo(pycurl.RESPONSE_CODE)<\/p>\n
print(f'HTTP response code: {response_code}')<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95edpycurl\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
curl.close()<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(buffer.getvalue().decode('utf-8'))<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u4f7f\u7528asyncio\u548cAI<\/a>oftp\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
aioftp<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8easyncio<\/code>\u7684\u5f02\u6b65FTP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0FTP\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5aioftp<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5aioftp<\/code>\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install aioftp<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528aioftp\u5b9e\u73b0FTPS<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import asyncio<\/p>\n
import aioftp<\/p>\n
async def main():<\/p>\n
    # \u5b9a\u4e49FTPS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
    host = 'ftp.example.com'<\/p>\n
    port = 21<\/p>\n
    user = 'username'<\/p>\n
    password = 'password'<\/p>\n
    # \u521b\u5efaFTP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/p>\n
    async with aioftp.Client.context(host, port, user, password, ssl=True) as client:<\/p>\n
        # \u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
        async for path in client.list("\/"):<\/p>\n
            print(path)<\/p>\n
        # \u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
        await client.download("remote_file.txt", "local_file.txt")<\/p>\n
        # \u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
        await client.upload("local_file.txt", "remote_file.txt")<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong><\/h2>\n
asyncio.run(main())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0FTP\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6807\u51c6\u5e93ftplib<\/code>\u7ed3\u5408ssl<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93paramiko<\/code>\u5b9e\u73b0SFTP\u3001\u914d\u7f6eFTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93pysftp<\/code>\u3001pycurl<\/code>\u548caioftp<\/code>\u7b49\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528FTP\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0FTP\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528ftplib<\/code>\u5e93\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408SSL\/TLS\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7ftplib.FTP_TLS<\/code>\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u7684FTP\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u88ab\u7a83\u542c\u6216\u7be1\u6539\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528auth()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u542f\u52a8\u5b89\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0a\u4f20\u548c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0FTP\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1f<\/strong>
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