{"id":1033031,"date":"2024-12-31T11:38:26","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T03:38:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1033031.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T11:38:28","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T03:38:28","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%81%9a%e7%aa%97%e5%8f%a3%e4%b9%8b%e9%97%b4%e7%9a%84%e8%b7%b3%e8%bd%ac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1033031.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Python\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\"<\/p>\n

Python\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528GUI\u5e93\u5982Tkinter\u3001PyQt\u3001Kivy\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u5207\u6362\u3001\u9690\u85cf\u548c\u663e\u793a\u7a97\u53e3\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8df3\u8f6c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cTkinter\u662fPython\u7684\u6807\u51c6GUI\u5e93\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u521d\u5b66\u8005\uff1bPyQt\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u590d\u6742\u7684GUI\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\uff1bKivy\u9002\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/strong> \u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Tkinter\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001Tkinter\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u8df3\u8f6c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Tkinter\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6807\u51c6GUI\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u53d1\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Tkinter\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6309\u94ae\u89e6\u53d1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5f53\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import tkinter as tk<\/p>\n
def open_child_window():<\/p>\n
    child_window = tk.Toplevel(root)<\/p>\n
    child_window.title("\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
    label = tk.Label(child_window, text="\u8fd9\u662f\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
    label.pack()<\/p>\n
root = tk.Tk()<\/p>\n
root.title("\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
button = tk.Button(root, text="\u6253\u5f00\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3", command=open_child_window)<\/p>\n
button.pack()<\/p>\n
root.mAI<\/a>nloop()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570open_child_window<\/code>\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u7a97\u53e3\uff08\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5f53\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u8c03\u7528open_child_window<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6253\u5f00\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u8df3\u8f6c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u8df3\u8f6c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u653e\u7f6e\u6309\u94ae\u6765\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u7a97\u53e3\u5e76\u6253\u5f00\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import tkinter as tk<\/p>\n
def open_window_a():<\/p>\n
    window_a = tk.Toplevel(root)<\/p>\n
    window_a.title("\u7a97\u53e3 A")<\/p>\n
    button = tk.Button(window_a, text="\u6253\u5f00\u7a97\u53e3 B", command=lambda: open_window_b(window_a))<\/p>\n
    button.pack()<\/p>\n
def open_window_b(previous_window):<\/p>\n
    previous_window.destroy()<\/p>\n
    window_b = tk.Toplevel(root)<\/p>\n
    window_b.title("\u7a97\u53e3 B")<\/p>\n
    button = tk.Button(window_b, text="\u56de\u5230\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3", command=lambda: open_main_window(window_b))<\/p>\n
    button.pack()<\/p>\n
def open_main_window(previous_window):<\/p>\n
    previous_window.destroy()<\/p>\n
    root.deiconify()<\/p>\n
root = tk.Tk()<\/p>\n
root.title("\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
button = tk.Button(root, text="\u6253\u5f00\u7a97\u53e3 A", command=lambda: [root.withdraw(), open_window_a()])<\/p>\n
button.pack()<\/p>\n
root.mainloop()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff1aopen_window_a<\/code>\uff0copen_window_b<\/code>\u548copen_main_window<\/code>\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u7a97\u53e3A\u3001\u7a97\u53e3B\u548c\u56de\u5230\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6253\u5f00\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001PyQt\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u8df3\u8f6c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
PyQt\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684GUI\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u590d\u6742\u7684\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528PyQt\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u53f7\u548c\u69fd\u673a\u5236\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5f53\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sys<\/p>\n
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QPushButton, QWidget, QVBoxLayout<\/p>\n
class ChildWindow(QWidget):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
        super().__init__()<\/p>\n
        self.setWindowTitle("\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
        layout = QVBoxLayout()<\/p>\n
        layout.addWidget(QPushButton("\u8fd9\u662f\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3"))<\/p>\n
        self.setLayout(layout)<\/p>\n
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
        super().__init__()<\/p>\n
        self.setWindowTitle("\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
        button = QPushButton("\u6253\u5f00\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
        button.clicked.connect(self.open_child_window)<\/p>\n
        self.setCentralWidget(button)<\/p>\n
    def open_child_window(self):<\/p>\n
        self.child_window = ChildWindow()<\/p>\n
        self.child_window.show()<\/p>\n
app = QApplication(sys.argv)<\/p>\n
main_window = MainWindow()<\/p>\n
main_window.show()<\/p>\n
sys.exit(app.exec_())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aChildWindow<\/code>\u7c7b\u548c\u4e00\u4e2aMainWindow<\/code>\u7c7b\u3002MainWindow<\/code>\u7c7b\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5f53\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2aChildWindow<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u8df3\u8f6c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u8df3\u8f6c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u653e\u7f6e\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u53f7\u548c\u69fd\u673a\u5236\u6765\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u7a97\u53e3\u5e76\u6253\u5f00\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sys<\/p>\n
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QPushButton, QWidget, QVBoxLayout<\/p>\n
class WindowA(QWidget):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, main_window):<\/p>\n
        super().__init__()<\/p>\n
        self.main_window = main_window<\/p>\n
        self.setWindowTitle("\u7a97\u53e3 A")<\/p>\n
        layout = QVBoxLayout()<\/p>\n
        button = QPushButton("\u6253\u5f00\u7a97\u53e3 B")<\/p>\n
        button.clicked.connect(self.open_window_b)<\/p>\n
        layout.addWidget(button)<\/p>\n
        self.setLayout(layout)<\/p>\n
    def open_window_b(self):<\/p>\n
        self.close()<\/p>\n
        self.window_b = WindowB(self.main_window)<\/p>\n
        self.window_b.show()<\/p>\n
class WindowB(QWidget):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, main_window):<\/p>\n
        super().__init__()<\/p>\n
        self.main_window = main_window<\/p>\n
        self.setWindowTitle("\u7a97\u53e3 B")<\/p>\n
        layout = QVBoxLayout()<\/p>\n
        button = QPushButton("\u56de\u5230\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
        button.clicked.connect(self.open_main_window)<\/p>\n
        layout.addWidget(button)<\/p>\n
        self.setLayout(layout)<\/p>\n
    def open_main_window(self):<\/p>\n
        self.close()<\/p>\n
        self.main_window.show()<\/p>\n
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
        super().__init__()<\/p>\n
        self.setWindowTitle("\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
        button = QPushButton("\u6253\u5f00\u7a97\u53e3 A")<\/p>\n
        button.clicked.connect(self.open_window_a)<\/p>\n
        self.setCentralWidget(button)<\/p>\n
    def open_window_a(self):<\/p>\n
        self.hide()<\/p>\n
        self.window_a = WindowA(self)<\/p>\n
        self.window_a.show()<\/p>\n
app = QApplication(sys.argv)<\/p>\n
main_window = MainWindow()<\/p>\n
main_window.show()<\/p>\n
sys.exit(app.exec_())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86WindowA<\/code>\u548cWindowB<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u7a97\u53e3A\u548c\u7a97\u53e3B\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u6765\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u7a97\u53e3\u5e76\u6253\u5f00\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001Kivy\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u8df3\u8f6c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Kivy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u591a\u70b9\u89e6\u63a7\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u6e90Python\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Kivy\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5c4f\u5e55\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5f53\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from kivy.app import App<\/p>\n
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen<\/p>\n
from kivy.uix.button import Button<\/p>\n
class MainWindow(Screen):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, kwargs):<\/p>\n
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(kwargs)<\/p>\n
        button = Button(text="\u6253\u5f00\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
        button.bind(on_release=self.open_child_window)<\/p>\n
        self.add_widget(button)<\/p>\n
    def open_child_window(self, instance):<\/p>\n
        self.manager.current = 'child'<\/p>\n
class ChildWindow(Screen):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, kwargs):<\/p>\n
        super(ChildWindow, self).__init__(kwargs)<\/p>\n
        button = Button(text="\u8fd9\u662f\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
        self.add_widget(button)<\/p>\n
class MyApp(App):<\/p>\n
    def build(self):<\/p>\n
        sm = ScreenManager()<\/p>\n
        sm.add_widget(MainWindow(name='main'))<\/p>\n
        sm.add_widget(ChildWindow(name='child'))<\/p>\n
        return sm<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    MyApp().run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86MainWindow<\/code>\u548cChildWindow<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u4f7f\u7528ScreenManager<\/code>\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5207\u6362\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u8df3\u8f6c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u8df3\u8f6c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u653e\u7f6e\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c4f\u5e55\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6765\u5207\u6362\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from kivy.app import App<\/p>\n
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen<\/p>\n
from kivy.uix.button import Button<\/p>\n
class WindowA(Screen):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, kwargs):<\/p>\n
        super(WindowA, self).__init__(kwargs)<\/p>\n
        button = Button(text="\u6253\u5f00\u7a97\u53e3 B")<\/p>\n
        button.bind(on_release=self.open_window_b)<\/p>\n
        self.add_widget(button)<\/p>\n
    def open_window_b(self, instance):<\/p>\n
        self.manager.current = 'window_b'<\/p>\n
class WindowB(Screen):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, kwargs):<\/p>\n
        super(WindowB, self).__init__(kwargs)<\/p>\n
        button = Button(text="\u56de\u5230\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3")<\/p>\n
        button.bind(on_release=self.open_main_window)<\/p>\n
        self.add_widget(button)<\/p>\n
    def open_main_window(self, instance):<\/p>\n
        self.manager.current = 'main'<\/p>\n
class MainWindow(Screen):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, kwargs):<\/p>\n
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(kwargs)<\/p>\n
        button = Button(text="\u6253\u5f00\u7a97\u53e3 A")<\/p>\n
        button.bind(on_release=self.open_window_a)<\/p>\n
        self.add_widget(button)<\/p>\n
    def open_window_a(self, instance):<\/p>\n
        self.manager.current = 'window_a'<\/p>\n
class MyApp(App):<\/p>\n
    def build(self):<\/p>\n
        sm = ScreenManager()<\/p>\n
        sm.add_widget(MainWindow(name='main'))<\/p>\n
        sm.add_widget(WindowA(name='window_a'))<\/p>\n
        sm.add_widget(WindowB(name='window_b'))<\/p>\n
        return sm<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    MyApp().run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
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\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
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\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Tkinter\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a97\u53e3\u95f4\u8df3\u8f6c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff1f<\/strong>
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