{"id":1033406,"date":"2024-12-31T11:41:36","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T03:41:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1033406.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T11:41:39","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T03:41:39","slug":"python-web%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%e8%84%9a%e6%9c%ac%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1033406.html","title":{"rendered":"python web\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python<\/p>\n

Python web\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Web\u6846\u67b6\u3001CGI\u811a\u672c\u3001WSGI\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u3001\u5d4c\u5165\u5230HTML\u4e2d\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Web\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5904\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u96c6\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002Flask\u548cDjango\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Python Web\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Web\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001Flask\u6846\u67b6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

Flask\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684Python Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u9ad8\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4ee5\u53ca\u5feb\u901f\u539f\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5b89\u88c5Flask\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    pip install Flask<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aFlask\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      from flask import Flask, request, jsonify<\/p>\n
      app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
      @app.route('\/run-script', methods=['POST'])<\/p>\n
      def run_script():<\/p>\n
          # \u4ece\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
          data = request.get_json()<\/p>\n
          script_result = execute_script(data['script'])<\/p>\n
          return jsonify({'result': script_result})<\/p>\n
      def execute_script(script):<\/p>\n
          # \u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n
          exec_globals = {}<\/p>\n
          exec(script, exec_globals)<\/p>\n
          return exec_globals.get('result')<\/p>\n
      if __name__ == '__mAI<\/a>n__':<\/p>\n
          app.run(debug=True)<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u542f\u52a8Flask\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        python app.py<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          curl -X POST http:\/\/127.0.0.1:5000\/run-script -H "Content-Type: application\/json" -d '{"script": "result = 2 + 2"}'<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          2\u3001Django\u6846\u67b6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
          Django\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684Python Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Django\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u5b89\u88c5Django\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            pip install Django<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aDjango\u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              django-admin startproject myproject<\/p>\n
              cd myproject<\/p>\n
              python manage.py startapp myapp<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u5728myapp\/views.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                from django.http import JsonResponse<\/p>\n
                from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt<\/p>\n
                import json<\/p>\n
                @csrf_exempt<\/p>\n
                def run_script(request):<\/p>\n
                    if request.method == 'POST':<\/p>\n
                        data = json.loads(request.body)<\/p>\n
                        script_result = execute_script(data['script'])<\/p>\n
                        return JsonResponse({'result': script_result})<\/p>\n
                def execute_script(script):<\/p>\n
                    exec_globals = {}<\/p>\n
                    exec(script, exec_globals)<\/p>\n
                    return exec_globals.get('result')<\/p>\n
                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. \u5728myapp\/urls.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49URL\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  from django.urls import path<\/p>\n
                  from .views import run_script<\/p>\n
                  urlpatterns = [<\/p>\n
                      path('run-script\/', run_script),<\/p>\n
                  ]<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u5c06myapp<\/code>\u7684URL\u5305\u542b\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u7684URL\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2dmyproject\/urls.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                    from django.contrib import admin<\/p>\n
                    from django.urls import include, path<\/p>\n
                    urlpatterns = [<\/p>\n
                        path('admin\/', admin.site.urls),<\/p>\n
                        path('myapp\/', include('myapp.urls')),<\/p>\n
                    ]<\/p>\n
                    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                      \n
                    1. \u8fd0\u884cDjango\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                      python manage.py runserver<\/p>\n
                      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                        \n
                      1. \u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                        curl -X POST http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/myapp\/run-script\/ -H "Content-Type: application\/json" -d '{"script": "result = 2 + 2"}'<\/p>\n
                        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                        \u4e8c\u3001CGI\u811a\u672c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
                        Common Gateway Interface (CGI) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u53e4\u8001\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528CGI\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                          \n
                        1. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aCGI\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982script.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                          #!\/usr\/bin\/env python3<\/p>\n
                          import cgi<\/p>\n
                          import cgitb<\/p>\n
                          cgitb.enable()<\/p>\n
                          print("Content-Type: text\/html\\n")<\/p>\n
                          form = cgi.FieldStorage()<\/p>\n
                          script = form.getvalue("script")<\/p>\n
                          exec_globals = {}<\/p>\n
                          exec(script, exec_globals)<\/p>\n
                          result = exec_globals.get('result')<\/p>\n
                          print(f"<html><body><h1>Result: {result}<\/h1><\/body><\/html>")<\/p>\n
                          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                            \n
                          1. \u786e\u4fdd\u811a\u672c\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                            chmod +x script.py<\/p>\n
                            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                              \n
                            1. \n
                              \u914d\u7f6eWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u4f8b\u5982Apache\uff09\u4ee5\u652f\u6301CGI\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06CGI\u811a\u672c\u653e\u7f6e\u5728CGI\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\/usr\/lib\/cgi-bin<\/code>\u6216\/var\/www\/cgi-bin<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                            2. \n
                              \u901a\u8fc7Web\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6216\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd0\u884cCGI\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                              curl "http:\/\/yourserver.com\/cgi-bin\/script.py?script=result%20=%202%20+%202"<\/p>\n
                              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                              \u4e09\u3001WSGI\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
                              Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI) \u662fPython Web\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u4f7f\u7528WSGI\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6765\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684WSGI\u5e94\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                \n
                              1. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aWSGI\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982app.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                def application(environ, start_response):<\/p>\n
                                    try:<\/p>\n
                                        request_body_size = int(environ.get('CONTENT_LENGTH', 0))<\/p>\n
                                    except (ValueError):<\/p>\n
                                        request_body_size = 0<\/p>\n
                                    request_body = environ['wsgi.input'].read(request_body_size)<\/p>\n
                                    script = request_body.decode('utf-8').split('=')[1]<\/p>\n
                                    exec_globals = {}<\/p>\n
                                    exec(script, exec_globals)<\/p>\n
                                    result = exec_globals.get('result')<\/p>\n
                                    response_body = f"Result: {result}"<\/p>\n
                                    status = '200 OK'<\/p>\n
                                    response_headers = [('Content-Type', 'text\/plain'), ('Content-Length', str(len(response_body)))]<\/p>\n
                                    start_response(status, response_headers)<\/p>\n
                                    return [response_body.encode('utf-8')]<\/p>\n
                                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                  \n
                                1. \u4f7f\u7528WSGI\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Gunicorn\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                  pip install gunicorn<\/p>\n
                                  gunicorn app:application<\/p>\n
                                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                    \n
                                  1. \u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                    curl -X POST http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/ -d "script=result = 2 + 2"<\/p>\n
                                    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                    \u56db\u3001\u5d4c\u5165\u5230HTML\u4e2d<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
                                    \u5c06Python\u811a\u672c\u5d4c\u5165\u5230HTML\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Jinja2\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                      \n
                                    1. \u5b89\u88c5Jinja2\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                      pip install Jinja2<\/p>\n
                                      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                        \n
                                      1. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aHTML\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982template.html<\/code>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                        <!DOCTYPE html><\/p>\n
                                        <html><\/p>\n
                                        <head><\/p>\n
                                            <title>Python Script Result<\/title><\/p>\n
                                        <\/head><\/p>\n
                                        <body><\/p>\n
                                            <h1>Result: {{ result }}<\/h1><\/p>\n
                                        <\/body><\/p>\n
                                        <\/html><\/p>\n
                                        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                          \n
                                        1. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u811a\u672c\u6765\u6e32\u67d3\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982render_template.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                          from jinja2 import Template<\/p>\n
                                          template = Template(open('template.html').read())<\/p>\n
                                          script = "result = 2 + 2"<\/p>\n
                                          exec_globals = {}<\/p>\n
                                          exec(script, exec_globals)<\/p>\n
                                          result = exec_globals.get('result')<\/p>\n
                                          rendered_html = template.render(result=result)<\/p>\n
                                          print(rendered_html)<\/p>\n
                                          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                            \n
                                          1. \u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                            python render_template.py<\/p>\n
                                            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                            \u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5728Python Web\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Web\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u6700\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002Flask\u9002\u5408\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee<\/strong>\uff0c\u800cDjango\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee<\/strong>\u3002CGI\u548cWSGI<\/strong>\u662f\u8f83\u4e3a\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5d4c\u5165\u5230HTML\u4e2d<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                            \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                             \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python Web\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\uff1f<\/strong>
                                            \u5728Python Web\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684\u5185\u7f6eexec()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u6267\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u5916\u90e8\u811a\u672c\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u8003\u8651\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            \u5728Python Web\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u96c6\u6210\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff1f<\/strong>
                                            \u5927\u591a\u6570\u6d41\u884c\u7684Python Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5982Flask\u548cDjango\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe\u6216API\u7aef\u70b9\u6765\u96c6\u6210\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u811a\u672c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5b83\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u73b0\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6743\u9650\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u6076\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            \u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong>
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