{"id":1044140,"date":"2024-12-31T13:12:04","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T05:12:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1044140.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T13:12:06","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T05:12:06","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e4%be%8b%e5%8c%96%e6%b5%8f%e8%a7%88%e5%99%a8%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1044140.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-docs.pingcode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/3da276b7-40b4-45f7-848b-3bae4568a184.webp?x-oss-process=image\/auto-orient,1\/format,webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>Python\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u3001Playwright\u3001Pyppeteer\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>Selenium<\/strong> \u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5e76\u4e14\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001Selenium\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Selenium \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684 Web \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684 API \u6765\u63a7\u5236\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002Selenium \u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u5982 Chrome\u3001Firefox\u3001Safari\u3001Edge \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u548c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 Selenium \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5 Selenium \u5e93\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5 Selenium \u5e93\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install selenium<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>Chrome \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9700\u8981 <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/chromium.org\/chromedriver\/\">ChromeDriver<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Firefox \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9700\u8981 <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/mozilla\/geckodriver\/releases\">GeckoDriver<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Edge \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9700\u8981 <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.microsoft.com\/en-us\/microsoft-edge\/tools\/webdriver\/\">EdgeDriver<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5c06\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf PATH \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001Chrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6307\u5b9a ChromeDriver \u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver_path = &quot;\/path\/to\/chromedriver&quot;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316 Chrome \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_path)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.get(&quot;https:\/\/www.example.com&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5173\u95ed\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.quit()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001Firefox\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6307\u5b9a GeckoDriver \u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver_path = &quot;\/path\/to\/geckodriver&quot;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316 Firefox \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=driver_path)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.get(&quot;https:\/\/www.example.com&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5173\u95ed\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.quit()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3\u3001Edge\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6307\u5b9a EdgeDriver \u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver_path = &quot;\/path\/to\/edgedriver&quot;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316 Edge \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=driver_path)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.get(&quot;https:\/\/www.example.com&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5173\u95ed\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.quit()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9009\u9879<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u65e0\u5934\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u7981\u7528\u56fe\u7247\u52a0\u8f7d\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bbe\u7f6e Chrome \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()<\/p>\n<p>chrome_options.add_argument(&quot;--headless&quot;)  # \u65e0\u5934\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>chrome_options.add_argument(&quot;--disable-gpu&quot;)  # \u7981\u7528 GPU \u52a0\u901f<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316 Chrome \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_path, options=chrome_options)<\/p>\n<p>driver.get(&quot;https:\/\/www.example.com&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>driver.quit()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5f39\u7a97<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5f39\u7a97\u3002Selenium \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f39\u7a97\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<p>from selenium.webdriver.common.alert import Alert<\/p>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_path)<\/p>\n<p>driver.get(&quot;https:\/\/www.example.com&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5904\u7406\u5f39\u7a97<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>alert = Alert(driver)<\/p>\n<p>alert.accept()  # \u63a5\u53d7\u5f39\u7a97<\/p>\n<h2><strong>alert.dismiss()  # \u53d6\u6d88\u5f39\u7a97<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.quit()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Playwright\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Playwright \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684 API \u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Playwright<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install playwright<\/p>\n<p>python -m playwright install<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright<\/p>\n<p>with sync_playwright() as p:<\/p>\n<p>    browser = p.chromium.launch(headless=False)  # \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316 Chromium \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/p>\n<p>    page = browser.new_page()<\/p>\n<p>    page.goto(&quot;https:\/\/www.example.com&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    browser.close()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u516d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Pyppeteer\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pyppeteer \u662f Puppeteer \u7684 Python \u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236 Chromium \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Pyppeteer<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install pyppeteer<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import asyncio<\/p>\n<p>from pyppeteer import launch<\/p>\n<p>async def m<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>n():<\/p>\n<p>    browser = await launch(headless=False)  # \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316 Chromium \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/p>\n<p>    page = await browser.newPage()<\/p>\n<p>    await page.goto(&quot;https:\/\/www.example.com&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    await browser.close()<\/p>\n<p>asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e03\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528 Selenium\u3001Playwright \u548c Pyppeteer \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u3002<strong>Selenium<\/strong> \u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u800c <strong>Playwright<\/strong> \u548c <strong>Pyppeteer<\/strong> \u5219\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Selenium\u5e93\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5982ChromeDriver\u6216GeckoDriver\uff09\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver\n\n# \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316Chrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\ndriver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=&#39;path\/to\/chromedriver&#39;)\n# \u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5740\ndriver.get(&#39;https:\/\/www.example.com&#39;)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u60a8\u80fd\u591f\u63a7\u5236\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u722c\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u591a\u4e2a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728Python\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u591a\u4e2a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">chrome_driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=&#39;path\/to\/chromedriver&#39;)\nfirefox_driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=&#39;path\/to\/geckodriver&#39;)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\u591a\u4e2a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9009\u9879\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528<code>Options<\/code>\u7c7b\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9009\u9879\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u5728Chrome\u4e2d\u65e0\u5934\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver\nfrom selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options\n\nchrome_options = Options()\nchrome_options.add_argument(&#39;--headless&#39;)  # \u65e0\u5934\u6a21\u5f0f\ndriver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=&#39;path\/to\/chromedriver&#39;, options=chrome_options)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u3001Playwright\u3001Pyppetee [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1044149,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1044140"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1044140"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1044140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1044152,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1044140\/revisions\/1044152"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1044149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1044140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1044140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1044140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}