{"id":1050767,"date":"2024-12-31T14:10:39","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T06:10:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1050767.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T14:10:41","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T06:10:41","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%8a%8apython%e4%b8%ad%e8%ae%a1%e7%ae%97%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e4%bf%9d%e5%ad%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1050767.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u628apython\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4fdd\u5b58"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u628apython\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4fdd\u5b58\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528JSON\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Pickle\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u5b58\u53d8\u91cf\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

# \u4fdd\u5b58\u53d8\u91cf\u5230\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
variable = "Hello, World!"<\/p>\n
with open("output.txt", "w") as file:<\/p>\n
    file.write(variable)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6570\u636e\u6216\u8005\u5355\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Python\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u53d8\u91cf\u5230\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4fdd\u5b58\u53d8\u91cf\u5230\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
variable = "Hello, World!"<\/p>\n
with open("output.txt", "w") as file:<\/p>\n
    file.write(variable)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u53d8\u91cfvariable<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u5199\u5165\u5230\u540d\u4e3aoutput.txt<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f7f\u7528"w"<\/code>\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u5199\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u6e05\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4ece\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
with open("output.txt", "r") as file:<\/p>\n
    variable = file.read()<\/p>\n
print(variable)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4ece\u540d\u4e3aoutput.txt<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfvariable<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
CSV\uff08Comma-Separated Values\uff09\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u7684csv<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u64cd\u4f5cCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u53d8\u91cf\u5230CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import csv<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u5217\u8868\u53d8\u91cf\u5230CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n
with open("output.csv", "w", newline='') as file:<\/p>\n
    writer = csv.writer(file)<\/p>\n
    writer.writerow(data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u53d8\u91cfdata<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u5199\u5165\u5230\u540d\u4e3aoutput.csv<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4eceCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import csv<\/p>\n
\u4eceCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open("output.csv", "r") as file:<\/p>\n
    reader = csv.reader(file)<\/p>\n
    data = list(reader)[0]<\/p>\n
    data = [int(i) for i in data]<\/p>\n
print(data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4ece\u540d\u4e3aoutput.csv<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfdata<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001JSON\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
JSON\uff08JavaScript Object Notation\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u7684json<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u64cd\u4f5cJSON\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u53d8\u91cf\u5230JSON\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import json<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u5b57\u5178\u53d8\u91cf\u5230JSON\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}<\/p>\n
with open("output.json", "w") as file:<\/p>\n
    json.dump(data, file)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u53d8\u91cfdata<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u5199\u5165\u5230\u540d\u4e3aoutput.json<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4eceJSON\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import json<\/p>\n
\u4eceJSON\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open("output.json", "r") as file:<\/p>\n
    data = json.load(file)<\/p>\n
print(data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4ece\u540d\u4e3aoutput.json<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfdata<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001Pickle\u6a21\u5757\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Pickle\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u6062\u590d\u590d\u6742\u7684Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Pickle\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6062\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pickle<\/p>\n
\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5b57\u5178\u53d8\u91cf\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}<\/p>\n
with open("output.pkl", "wb") as file:<\/p>\n
    pickle.dump(data, file)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u53d8\u91cfdata<\/code>\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\uff0c\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u5230\u540d\u4e3aoutput.pkl<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pickle<\/p>\n
\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open("output.pkl", "rb") as file:<\/p>\n
    data = pickle.load(file)<\/p>\n
print(data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4ece\u540d\u4e3aoutput.pkl<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\uff0c\u5e76\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e3aPython\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfdata<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002SQLite\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7sqlite3<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u64cd\u4f5cSQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8868<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import sqlite3<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn = sqlite3.connect("example.db")<\/p>\n
cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
cursor.execute("""<\/p>\n
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (<\/p>\n
    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,<\/p>\n
    name TEXT NOT NULL,<\/p>\n
    age INTEGER NOT NULL<\/p>\n
)<\/p>\n
""")<\/p>\n
conn.commit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aexample.db<\/code>\u7684SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3ausers<\/code>\u7684\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u63d2\u5165\u53d8\u91cf\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
# \u63d2\u5165\u53d8\u91cf\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n
name = "Alice"<\/p>\n
age = 25<\/p>\n
cursor.execute("INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES (?, ?)", (name, age))<\/p>\n
conn.commit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u53d8\u91cfname<\/code>\u548cage<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u63d2\u5165\u5230users<\/code>\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
cursor.execute("SELECT name, age FROM users")<\/p>\n
rows = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
for row in rows:<\/p>\n
    print(f"Name: {row[0]}, Age: {row[1]}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4eceusers<\/code>\u8868\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3001JSON\u6587\u4ef6\u3001Pickle\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6570\u636e\u6216\u5355\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. JSON\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. Pickle\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u6062\u590d\u590d\u6742\u7684Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u7075\u6d3b\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f<\/strong>
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