{"id":1052182,"date":"2024-12-31T14:22:47","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T06:22:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1052182.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T14:22:48","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T06:22:48","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%b0%86csv%e8%bd%ac%e5%8c%96%e4%b8%ba%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1052182.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5c06csv\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5c06csv\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5c06CSV\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528csv.DictReader<\/code>\u3001\u624b\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6784\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u5e93\u3002<\/strong> \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528csv.DictReader<\/code>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4ee5\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528csv.DictReader<\/code><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

csv.DictReader<\/code>\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684csv<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5c06CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u662fCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6807\u9898\u884c\uff0c\u503c\u662f\u76f8\u5e94\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.1 \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

import csv<\/p>\n
def csv_to_dict(file_path):<\/p>\n
    with open(file_path, mode='r', encoding='utf-8-sig') as file:<\/p>\n
        csv_dict_reader = csv.DictReader(file)<\/p>\n
        data = [row for row in csv_dict_reader]<\/p>\n
    return data<\/p>\n
file_path = 'example.csv'<\/p>\n
data_dict = csv_to_dict(file_path)<\/p>\n
print(data_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0ccsv.DictReader<\/code>\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u5c06\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u503c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1.2 \u5904\u7406\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0cCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7a7a\u884c\u3001\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7b49\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def csv_to_dict(file_path):<\/p>\n
    with open(file_path, mode='r', encoding='utf-8-sig') as file:<\/p>\n
        csv_dict_reader = csv.DictReader(file)<\/p>\n
        data = []<\/p>\n
        for row in csv_dict_reader:<\/p>\n
            # \u5904\u7406\u7a7a\u884c<\/p>\n
            if any(row.values()):<\/p>\n
                # \u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u503c<\/p>\n
                processed_row = {k: (v if v else None) for k, v in row.items()}<\/p>\n
                data.append(processed_row)<\/p>\n
    return data<\/p>\n
data_dict = csv_to_dict(file_path)<\/p>\n
print(data_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5row.values()<\/code>\u6765\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u7a7a\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7528None<\/code>\u66ff\u6362\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u624b\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6784\u5efa\u5b57\u5178<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528csv.DictReader<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u624b\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6784\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u76f8\u5bf9\u7e41\u7410\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.1 \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
def csv_to_dict(file_path):<\/p>\n
    with open(file_path, mode='r', encoding='utf-8-sig') as file:<\/p>\n
        lines = file.readlines()<\/p>\n
        headers = lines[0].strip().split(',')<\/p>\n
        data = []<\/p>\n
        for line in lines[1:]:<\/p>\n
            values = line.strip().split(',')<\/p>\n
            row_dict = dict(zip(headers, values))<\/p>\n
            data.append(row_dict)<\/p>\n
    return data<\/p>\n
data_dict = csv_to_dict(file_path)<\/p>\n
print(data_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u9898\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u904d\u5386\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u5904\u7406\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7a7a\u884c\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def csv_to_dict(file_path):<\/p>\n
    with open(file_path, mode='r', encoding='utf-8-sig') as file:<\/p>\n
        lines = file.readlines()<\/p>\n
        headers = lines[0].strip().split(',')<\/p>\n
        data = []<\/p>\n
        for line in lines[1:]:<\/p>\n
            if line.strip():  # \u5904\u7406\u7a7a\u884c<\/p>\n
                values = line.strip().split(',')<\/p>\n
                processed_values = [v if v else None for v in values]  # \u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u503c<\/p>\n
                row_dict = dict(zip(headers, processed_values))<\/p>\n
                data.append(row_dict)<\/p>\n
    return data<\/p>\n
data_dict = csv_to_dict(file_path)<\/p>\n
print(data_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
pandas<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5904\u7406CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas.read_csv<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e3aDataFrame<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5c06DataFrame<\/code>\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1 \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
def csv_to_dict(file_path):<\/p>\n
    df = pd.read_csv(file_path)<\/p>\n
    return df.to_dict(orient='records')<\/p>\n
file_path = 'example.csv'<\/p>\n
data_dict = csv_to_dict(file_path)<\/p>\n
print(data_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cpandas.read_csv<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e3aDataFrame<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7to_dict<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.2 \u5904\u7406\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pandas<\/code>\u5e93\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u8bb8\u591a\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3aNaN<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def csv_to_dict(file_path):<\/p>\n
    df = pd.read_csv(file_path)<\/p>\n
    df.fillna(value=None, inplace=True)  # \u5c06\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u66ff\u6362\u4e3aNone<\/p>\n
    return df.to_dict(orient='records')<\/p>\n
data_dict = csv_to_dict(file_path)<\/p>\n
print(data_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5c06CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u4f7f\u7528csv.DictReader<\/code><\/strong>\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7684CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u624b\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u6784\u5efa\u5b57\u5178<\/strong>\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7075\u6d3b\u5904\u7406CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u5e93<\/strong>\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528csv.DictReader<\/code>\u548cpandas<\/code>\u5e93\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u7b80\u5316\u5f88\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5c06CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u683c\u5f0f\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884cCSV\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7f6e\u7684csv<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528csv.DictReader<\/code>\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    import csv\n\nwith open('yourfile.csv', mode='r') as file:\n    csv_reader = csv.DictReader(file)\n    data = [row for row in csv_reader]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fd9\u6837\uff0cdata<\/code>\u5c06\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u662fCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5217\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u7ed3\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u4ee3\u8868CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8eCSV\u7684\u5217\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u503c\u5219\u662f\u8be5\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5217\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbeCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
    name,age\nAlice,30\nBob,25\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8f6c\u6362\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n
    [\n    {'name': 'Alice', 'age': '30'},\n    {'name': 'Bob', 'age': '25'}\n]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406CSV\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u503c\u6216\u7f3a\u5931\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728\u4f7f\u7528csv.DictReader<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679cCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7a7a\u503c\u6216\u7f3a\u5931\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u952e\u5c06\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u503c\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f3a\u5931\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
    for row in data:\n    if row['age'] == '':\n        row['age'] = 'N\/A'  # \u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u5c06CSV\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528csv.DictReader\u3001\u624b\u52a8\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6784\u5efa […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1052185,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1052182"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1052182"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1052182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1052188,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1052182\/revisions\/1052188"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1052185"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1052182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1052182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1052182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}