{"id":1056287,"date":"2024-12-31T14:58:27","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T06:58:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1056287.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T14:58:30","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T06:58:30","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e9%94%ae%e5%80%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1056287.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001values()\u65b9\u6cd5\u548citems()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0ckeys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\uff0cvalues()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u503c\uff0citems()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001KEYS()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u662fPython\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2adict_keys\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u5728for\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u6216\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

# \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
keys = my_dict.keys()<\/p>\n
print(keys)  # dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city'])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd4\u56dedict_keys\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3adict_keys\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u53cd\u6620\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5217\u8868\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528list()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
keys_list = list(my_dict.keys())<\/p>\n
print(keys_list)  # ['name', 'age', 'city']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001VALUES()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
values()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2adict_values\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u662f\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8efor\u5faa\u73af\u6216\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
values = my_dict.values()<\/p>\n
print(values)  # dict_values(['John', 30, 'New York'])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u548ckeys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cvalues()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56dedict_values\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u53cd\u6620\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
values_list = list(my_dict.values())<\/p>\n
print(values_list)  # ['John', 30, 'New York']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001ITEMS()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
items()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2adict_items\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u5143\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
items = my_dict.items()<\/p>\n
print(items)  # dict_items([('name', 'John'), ('age', 30), ('city', 'New York')])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
items()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56dedict_items\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
for key, value in my_dict.items():<\/p>\n
    print(f"Key: {key}, Value: {value}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u503c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51faKeyError\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
name = my_dict['name']<\/p>\n
print(name)  # John<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528get()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
age = my_dict.get('age', 'Not Found')<\/p>\n
print(age)  # 30<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
salary = my_dict.get('salary', 'Not Found')<\/p>\n
print(salary)  # Not Found<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4ece\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6784\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u63d0\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
filtered_dict = {k: v for k, v in my_dict.items() if v != 'New York'}<\/p>\n
print(filtered_dict)  # {'name': 'John', 'age': 30}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9Python\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528sorted()\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sorted_keys = sorted(my_dict.keys())<\/p>\n
print(sorted_keys)  # ['age', 'city', 'name']<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528map()\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
upper_values = list(map(lambda x: str(x).upper(), my_dict.values()))<\/p>\n
print(upper_values)  # ['JOHN', '30', 'NEW YORK']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08dict_keys\u3001dict_values\u3001dict_items\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u53cd\u6620\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
keys_view = my_dict.keys()<\/p>\n
print(keys_view)  # dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city'])<\/p>\n
my_dict['country'] = 'USA'<\/p>\n
print(keys_view)  # dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city', 'country'])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u5b57\u5178\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u662fPython\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u3002keys()\u3001values()\u548citems()\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u3001\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7279\u6027\u4e5f\u80fd\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528dict.keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u5178\u6240\u6709\u952e\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}\nkeys = list(my_dict.keys())\nprint(keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['a', 'b', 'c']\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7279\u5b9a\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7279\u5b9a\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178my_dict<\/code>\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u952e'b'<\/code>\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff1a  <\/p>\n
value = my_dict['b']\nprint(value)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528dict.get()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd4\u56deNone<\/code>\u6216\u60a8\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002  <\/p>\n
value = my_dict.get('d', '\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728')\nprint(value)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff1f<\/strong>
\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528dict.items()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
for key, value in my_dict.items():\n    print(f'\u952e: {key}, \u503c: {value}')\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5728\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001values […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1056294,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1056287"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1056287"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1056287\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1056297,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1056287\/revisions\/1056297"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1056294"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1056287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1056287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1056287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}