{"id":1057623,"date":"2024-12-31T15:09:38","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T07:09:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1057623.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T15:09:40","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T07:09:40","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e4%b8%a4%e5%8f%b0%e7%94%b5%e8%84%91%e9%80%9a%e8%ae%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1057623.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u901a\u8baf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u901a\u8baf\"<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1aSocket\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\uff08RPC\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cSocket\u7f16\u7a0b<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002Socket\u7f16\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4f7f\u4e24\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001Socket\u7f16\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fSocket\uff1f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Socket\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5173\u6ce8\u5e95\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u8baf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Socket\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2\u3001Socket\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Socket\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e00\u822c\u5206\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u8d1f\u8d23\u76d1\u542c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5219\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import socket<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSocket\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)<\/p>\n
\u7ed1\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/strong><\/h2>\n
server_socket.bind(('0.0.0.0', 8080))<\/p>\n
\u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u542c\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u5141\u8bb85\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
server_socket.listen(5)<\/p>\n
print("\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5...")<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    # \u63a5\u53d7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n
    client_socket, addr = server_socket.accept()<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u8fde\u63a5\u6765\u81ea: {addr}")<\/p>\n
    # \u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
    data = client_socket.recv(1024)<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e: {data.decode()}")<\/p>\n
    # \u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/p>\n
    client_socket.send("\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e".encode())<\/p>\n
    # \u5173\u95ed\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n
    client_socket.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import socket<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSocket\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n
client_socket.connect(('\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740', 8080))<\/p>\n
\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n
client_socket.send("Hello, Server!".encode())<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u6536\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data = client_socket.recv(1024)<\/p>\n
print(f"\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e: {data.decode()}")<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
client_socket.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSocket\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7ed1\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u542c\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u901a\u8fc7accept<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSocket\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u521b\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Flask\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Flask, request<\/p>\n
app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/data', methods=['POST'])<\/p>\n
def receive_data():<\/p>\n
    data = request.data.decode()<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e: {data}")<\/p>\n
    return "\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e"<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__mAI<\/a>n__':<\/p>\n
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8080)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
data = "Hello, Server!"<\/p>\n
response = requests.post('http:\/\/\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740:8080\/data', data=data)<\/p>\n
print(response.text)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684POST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\uff1f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f02\u6b65\u901a\u8baf\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u6709RabbitMQ\u3001Kafka\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528RabbitMQ\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u8baf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff08\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\uff09<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pika<\/p>\n
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))<\/p>\n
channel = connection.channel()<\/p>\n
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')<\/p>\n
channel.basic_publish(exchange='', routing_key='hello', body='Hello, Server!')<\/p>\n
print("\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u53d1\u9001")<\/p>\n
connection.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff08\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\uff09<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pika<\/p>\n
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))<\/p>\n
channel = connection.channel()<\/p>\n
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')<\/p>\n
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e: {body.decode()}")<\/p>\n
channel.basic_consume(queue='hello', on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)<\/p>\n
print('\u7b49\u5f85\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d...')<\/p>\n
channel.start_consuming()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7aef\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5230RabbitMQ\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u5230\u8be5\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7aef\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5230RabbitMQ\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7start_consuming<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u542c\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\uff08RPC\uff09<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fRPC\uff1f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
RPC\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u8baf\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u7528\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684RPC\u6846\u67b6\u6709gRPC\u3001ZeroMQ\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528gRPC\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u8baf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import grpc<\/p>\n
from concurrent import futures<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
import example_pb2<\/p>\n
import example_pb2_grpc<\/p>\n
class ExampleService(example_pb2_grpc.ExampleServicer):<\/p>\n
    def SendData(self, request, context):<\/p>\n
        print(f"\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e: {request.data}")<\/p>\n
        return example_pb2.Response(message="\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e")<\/p>\n
def serve():<\/p>\n
    server = grpc.server(futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=10))<\/p>\n
    example_pb2_grpc.add_ExampleServicer_to_server(ExampleService(), server)<\/p>\n
    server.add_insecure_port('[::]:50051')<\/p>\n
    server.start()<\/p>\n
    print("\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u4e2d...")<\/p>\n
    try:<\/p>\n
        while True:<\/p>\n
            time.sleep(86400)<\/p>\n
    except KeyboardInterrupt:<\/p>\n
        server.stop(0)<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    serve()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import grpc<\/p>\n
import example_pb2<\/p>\n
import example_pb2_grpc<\/p>\n
def run():<\/p>\n
    channel = grpc.insecure_channel('localhost:50051')<\/p>\n
    stub = example_pb2_grpc.ExampleStub(channel)<\/p>\n
    response = stub.SendData(example_pb2.Request(data="Hello, Server!"))<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e: {response.message}")<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0RPC\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u542f\u52a8gRPC\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u542c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2agRPC\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Python\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e24\u53f0\u7535\u8111\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u8baf\uff1f<\/strong>
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