{"id":1062086,"date":"2024-12-31T15:48:43","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T07:48:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1062086.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T15:48:46","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T07:48:46","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%a0%e9%99%a4%e9%94%99%e8%af%af%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1062086.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5220\u9664\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5220\u9664\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6216\u8005\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u5668<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5f02\u5e38\u6355\u83b7\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

1.1 \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7try-except\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

try:<\/p>\n
    # \u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
    result = 10 \/ 0<\/p>\n
except ZeroDivisionError as e:<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a{e}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cZeroDivisionError<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\uff0c\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f02\u5e38\u800c\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1.2 \u6355\u83b7\u591a\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728except\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    result = 10 \/ 0<\/p>\n
except (ZeroDivisionError, TypeError) as e:<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a{e}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1.3 \u6355\u83b7\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u54ea\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u7528\u7684 Exception<\/code> \u7c7b\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    result = 10 \/ 0<\/p>\n
except Exception as e:<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a{e}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1.4 else\u548cfinally\u5b50\u53e5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728try-except\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528else\u548cfinally\u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u548c\u65e0\u8bba\u6709\u65e0\u5f02\u5e38\u90fd\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    result = 10 \/ 2<\/p>\n
except Exception as e:<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a{e}")<\/p>\n
else:<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1a{result}")<\/p>\n
finally:<\/p>\n
    print("\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
2.1 \u65e5\u5fd7\u6a21\u5757\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6a21\u5757\uff08logging\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8bb0\u5f55\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165logging\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import logging<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong><\/h2>\n
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.ERROR, format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    result = 10 \/ 0<\/p>\n
except ZeroDivisionError as e:<\/p>\n
    logging.error(f"\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a{e}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aERROR\uff0c\u53ea\u6709ERROR\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7ea7\u522b\u548c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.3 \u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
logging\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7ea7\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n