{"id":1074834,"date":"2025-01-08T11:38:16","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T03:38:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1074834.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T11:38:18","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T03:38:18","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%b0%86%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e5%86%99%e5%85%a5%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1074834.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u3001pickle\u6a21\u5757\u3001CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u548c\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u597d\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

JSON\uff08JavaScript Object Notation\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u5bfc\u5165json<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u4f7f\u7528json.dump()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    2\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

    import json<\/p>\n
    \u793a\u4f8b\u5b57\u5178<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    data = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
    \u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    with open('data.json', 'w') as file:<\/p>\n
        json.dump(data, file)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    3\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    json.dump()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06Python\u5b57\u5178\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362<\/strong>\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u5982\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b57\u5178\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u592a\u9002\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pickle\u6a21\u5757\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    pickle<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    1\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u5bfc\u5165pickle<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u4f7f\u7528pickle.dump()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      2\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      import pickle<\/p>\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\u5b57\u5178<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      data = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
      \u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      with open('data.pkl', 'wb') as file:<\/p>\n
          pickle.dump(data, file)<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      3\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      pickle.dump()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u51e0\u4e4e\u4efb\u4f55Python\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong>\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e14\u53ea\u80fd\u5728Python\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      CSV\uff08Comma-Separated Values\uff09\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      1\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u5bfc\u5165csv<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. \u4f7f\u7528csv.DictWriter<\/code>\u7c7b\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        2\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
        import csv<\/p>\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\u5b57\u5178<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        data = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
        \u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        with open('data.csv', 'w', newline='') as file:<\/p>\n
            writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=data.keys())<\/p>\n
            writer.writeheader()<\/p>\n
            writer.writerow(data)<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        3\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
        csv.DictWriter<\/code>\u7c7b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5d4c\u5957\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u4f73<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528YAML\u683c\u5f0f\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
        YAML\uff08YAML AI<\/a>n't Markup Language\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        1\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u5bfc\u5165yaml<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff08\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5PyYAML\u5e93\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
        2. \u4f7f\u7528yaml.dump()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          2\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
          import yaml<\/p>\n
          \u793a\u4f8b\u5b57\u5178<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          data = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
          \u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          with open('data.yaml', 'w') as file:<\/p>\n
              yaml.dump(data, file)<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          3\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
          yaml.dump()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06Python\u5b57\u5178\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aYAML\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5PyYAML\u5e93<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528XML\u683c\u5f0f\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
          XML\uff08eXtensible Markup Language\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u8bb0\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          1\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u5bfc\u5165xml.etree.ElementTree<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/li>\n
          2. \u4f7f\u7528ElementTree<\/code>\u7c7b\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            2\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
            import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET<\/p>\n
            \u793a\u4f8b\u5b57\u5178<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            data = {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
            \u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aXML<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            root = ET.Element("root")<\/p>\n
            for key, value in data.items():<\/p>\n
                child = ET.SubElement(root, key)<\/p>\n
                child.text = str(value)<\/p>\n
            \u5c06XML\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            tree = ET.ElementTree(root)<\/p>\n
            tree.write("data.xml")<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            3\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
            ElementTree<\/code>\u7c7b\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aXML\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982JSON\u548cYAML\u76f4\u89c2<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u3001pickle\u6a21\u5757\u3001CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3001YAML\u683c\u5f0f\u548cXML\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42<\/strong>\u3002JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\uff0cpickle\u6a21\u5757\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0cCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\uff0cYAML\u683c\u5f0f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cXML\u683c\u5f0f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
             \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684json<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5bfc\u5165json<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528json.dump()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
            import json\n\ndata = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}\nwith open('data.json', 'w') as json_file:\n    json.dump(data, json_file)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3adata.json<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u5178\u7684JSON\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u662f\u7684\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u5199\u5165\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528str()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
            data = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}\nwith open('data.txt', 'w') as text_file:\n    text_file.write(str(data))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8fd9\u6837\u5b57\u5178\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u683c\u5f0f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728data.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6062\u590d\u5b57\u5178\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u8981\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u5e76\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eJSON\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528json.load()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
            with open('data.json', 'r') as json_file:\n    data = json.load(json_file)\nprint(data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u5982\u679c\u662f\u4ece\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528eval()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6216ast.literal_eval()<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46ast.literal_eval()<\/code>\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
            import ast\n\nwith open('data.txt', 'r') as text_file:\n    data = ast.literal_eval(text_file.read())\nprint(data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f6c\u5316\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u3001pickle\u6a21\u5757\u3001CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528JSO […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1074838,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1074834"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1074834"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1074834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1074840,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1074834\/revisions\/1074840"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1074838"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1074834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1074834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1074834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}