{"id":1076034,"date":"2025-01-08T11:49:41","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T03:49:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1076034.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T11:49:44","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T03:49:44","slug":"python%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%88%ac%e5%8f%96%e6%98%af%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e7%9a%84-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1076034.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\"<\/p>\n

Python\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982Requests\u3001BeautifulSoup\u548cScrapy\u7b49\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u89e3\u6790\u5e93\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0cRequests\u5e93<\/strong>\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0cBeautifulSoup\u5e93<\/strong>\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u904d\u5386HTML\u6587\u6863\uff0cScrapy\u6846\u67b6<\/strong>\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u722c\u53d6\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u7f51\u9875\u83b7\u53d6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002Python\u7684Requests\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u548c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Requests\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Requests\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install requests<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7requests.get<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u54cd\u5e94\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
url = 'http:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
print(response.text)  # \u6253\u5370\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001HTML\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002BeautifulSoup\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684HTML\u89e3\u6790\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5BeautifulSoup<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5BeautifulSoup\u548c\u4e00\u4e2aHTML\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u5e93lxml\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install beautifulsoup4 lxml<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
html_content = response.text<\/p>\n
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'lxml')<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6807\u9898<\/strong><\/h2>\n
titles = soup.find_all('h1')<\/p>\n
for title in titles:<\/p>\n
    print(title.text)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Scrapy\u6846\u67b6\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u722c\u53d6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u548c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0cScrapy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002Scrapy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u3001\u7528\u4e8e\u722c\u53d6\u7f51\u7ad9\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Scrapy<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Scrapy\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install scrapy<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u521b\u5efaScrapy\u9879\u76ee<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Scrapy\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
scrapy startproject myproject<\/p>\n
cd myproject<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u722c\u866b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Scrapy\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u722c\u866b\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u6293\u53d6\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u722c\u866b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import scrapy<\/p>\n
class ExampleSpider(scrapy.Spider):<\/p>\n
    name = 'example'<\/p>\n
    start_urls = ['http:\/\/example.com']<\/p>\n
    def parse(self, response):<\/p>\n
        for title in response.css('h1::text'):<\/p>\n
            yield {'title': title.get()}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u722c\u866b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u722c\u866b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
scrapy crawl example<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u3002Scrapy\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3aJSON\u3001CSV\u7b49\u683c\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Scrapy\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u722c\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3aJSON\u3001CSV\u7b49\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
scrapy crawl example -o output.json<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Item Pipeline\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Scrapy\u7684Item Pipeline\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Item Pipeline\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5728myproject\/pipelines.py\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2aPipeline<\/p>\n
class MyPipeline:<\/p>\n
    def process_item(self, item, spider):<\/p>\n
        # \u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
        item['title'] = item['title'].upper()<\/p>\n
        return item<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728settings.py\u4e2d\u542f\u7528Pipeline\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
ITEM_PIPELINES = {<\/p>\n
    'myproject.pipelines.MyPipeline': 300,<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982IP\u5c01\u9501\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406IP\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7ed5\u8fc7IP\u5c01\u9501\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
proxies = {<\/p>\n
    'http': 'http:\/\/10.10.10.10:8000',<\/p>\n
    'https': 'http:\/\/10.10.10.10:8000',<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7ed5\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
headers = {<\/p>\n
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/91.0.4472.124 Safari\/537.36'<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u722c\u53d6\u5230\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002Python\u7684Pandas\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Pandas<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Pandas\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install pandas<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data = pd.read_json('output.json')<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data.dropna(inplace=True)<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data['title'] = data['title'].str.lower()<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(data.describe())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u5ea6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982cron\u3001Celery\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528cron\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cron\u6765\u5b9a\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u722c\u866b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684cron\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u6bcf\u5929\u51cc\u66682\u70b9\u8fd0\u884c\u722c\u866b<\/p>\n
0 2 * * * \/usr\/bin\/scrapy crawl example<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Celery\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Celery\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u722c\u866b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Celery\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from celery import Celery<\/p>\n
app = Celery('tasks', broker='pyamqp:\/\/guest@localhost\/\/')<\/p>\n
@app.task<\/p>\n
def run_spider():<\/p>\n
    from scrapy.crawler import CrawlerProcess<\/p>\n
    from myproject.spiders.example import ExampleSpider<\/p>\n
    process = CrawlerProcess()<\/p>\n
    process.crawl(ExampleSpider)<\/p>\n
    process.start()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528API\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86API\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u53d1\u9001API\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001API\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/api.example.com\/data'<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url, headers={'Authorization': 'Bearer YOUR_API_KEY'})<\/p>\n
data = response.json()<\/p>\n
print(data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5904\u7406API\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
API\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u662fJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
data = response.json()<\/p>\n
df = pd.DataFrame(data)<\/p>\n
print(df.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e5d\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001IP\u5c01\u9501\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n
driver.get('http:\/\/example.com')<\/p>\n
content = driver.page_source<\/p>\n
driver.quit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5904\u7406\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5904\u7406\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u8bc6\u522b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u59822Captcha\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
captcha_image = requests.get('http:\/\/example.com\/captcha.jpg').content<\/p>\n
captcha_solution = solve_captcha(captcha_image)  # \u8c03\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u670d\u52a1\u8bc6\u522b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801<\/p>\n
response = requests.post('http:\/\/example.com\/submit', data={'captcha': captcha_solution})<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u591a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5230\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u5c0a\u91cd\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684robots.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u722c\u53d6\u9891\u7387\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u9020\u6210\u8fc7\u5927\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\u548c\u968f\u673aUser-Agent<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514dIP\u5c01\u9501\u548c\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u65f6<\/strong>\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5bf9\u722c\u866b\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u722c\u53d6\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u9075\u5faa\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89c4<\/strong>\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u722c\u53d6\u654f\u611f\u6216\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684Requests\u3001BeautifulSoup\u3001Scrapy\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u6253\u4e0b\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684Python\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u5305\u62ecRequests\u548cBeautiful Soup\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u3002Requests\u5e93\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u4e0e\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800cBeautiful Soup\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5904\u7406\u548c\u63d0\u53d6HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u6216Playwright\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6355\u83b7\u9875\u9762\u6e32\u67d3\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u8bb8\u591a\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f1a\u5b9e\u65bd\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u5176\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406IP\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u8bf7\u6c42\u9891\u7387\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u89c4\u907f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4fee\u6539User-Agent\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u8bf7\u6c42\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u722c\u866b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u968f\u673a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u4ee3\u7406\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5206\u6563\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u88ab\u5c01\u7981\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u722c\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728\u722c\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982SQLite\u3001MySQL\uff09\u6216\u8005NoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982MongoDB\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\uff0cCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff1b\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u6216\u9700\u8981\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528Pandas\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982Requests\u3001BeautifulSoup\u548cScrapy […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1076049,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1076034"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1076034"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1076034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1076051,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1076034\/revisions\/1076051"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1076049"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1076034"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1076034"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1076034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}