{"id":1077455,"date":"2025-01-08T12:02:28","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T04:02:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1077455.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T12:02:30","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T04:02:30","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%a4%9a%e6%98%8e%e7%bb%86%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e5%8c%96-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1077455.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/24181524\/0a44fa20-4d3c-4bb7-86c4-71a39915757b.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>Python\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5229\u7528openpyxl\u6216xlrd\u8fdb\u884cExcel\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u901a\u8fc7SQLAlchemy\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u501f\u52a9Selenium\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002<\/strong>\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pandas\u662fPython\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e93\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0cPandas\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u5b89\u88c5Pandas\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Pandas\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install pandas<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pandas\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u5305\u62ecCSV\u3001Excel\u3001SQL\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pandas as pd<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>df = pd.read_csv(&#39;data.csv&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(df.head())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c<code>df<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aDataFrame\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3. \u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pandas\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u3001\u805a\u5408\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u67d0\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6309\u7167 &#39;column_name&#39; \u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f<\/p>\n<p>df_sorted = df.sort_values(by=&#39;column_name&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(df_sorted)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u518d\u5982\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u67d0\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u7ec4\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6309\u7167 &#39;group_column&#39; \u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u7ec4\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/p>\n<p>df_grouped = df.groupby(&#39;group_column&#39;).mean()<\/p>\n<p>print(df_grouped)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4. \u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>df_grouped.to_csv(&#39;processed_data.csv&#39;, index=False)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u5229\u7528OpenPyXL\u6216xlrd\u8fdb\u884cExcel\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528OpenPyXL\u6216xlrd\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u5b89\u88c5OpenPyXL\u6216xlrd\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install openpyxl<\/p>\n<p>pip install xlrd<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u4f7f\u7528OpenPyXL\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from openpyxl import load_workbook<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>wb = load_workbook(&#39;data.xlsx&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>sheet = wb.active<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bfb\u53d6\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>for row in sheet.iter_rows(values_only=True):<\/p>\n<p>    print(row)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>sheet[&#39;A1&#39;] = &#39;New Value&#39;<\/p>\n<p>wb.save(&#39;updated_data.xlsx&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3. \u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import xlrd<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(&#39;data.xlsx&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>sheet = workbook.sheet_by_index(0)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bfb\u53d6\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>for row_idx in range(sheet.nrows):<\/p>\n<p>    row = sheet.row(row_idx)<\/p>\n<p>    print(row)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u901a\u8fc7SQLAlchemy\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>SQLAlchemy\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2aSQL\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u5173\u7cfb\u6620\u5c04\uff08ORM\uff09\u5e93\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u5b89\u88c5SQLAlchemy\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install SQLAlchemy<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from sqlalchemy import create_engine<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>engine = create_engine(&#39;sqlite:\/\/\/database.db&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3. \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pandas as pd<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>df = pd.read_sql(&#39;table_name&#39;, engine)<\/p>\n<p>print(df.head())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4. \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868<\/p>\n<p>df.to_sql(&#39;new_table&#39;, engine, index=False, if_exists=&#39;replace&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u501f\u52a9Selenium\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Selenium\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8eWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install selenium<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u4e0b\u8f7d\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6839\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3. \u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u811a\u672c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.get(&#39;http:\/\/www.example.com&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>element = driver.find_element_by_name(&#39;q&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>element.send_keys(&#39;Python&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>element.submit()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5173\u95ed\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.quit()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u7ed3\u8bed<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Python\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5229\u7528OpenPyXL\u6216xlrd\u8fdb\u884cExcel\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u901a\u8fc7SQLAlchemy\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u501f\u52a9Selenium\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9002\u7528\u7684\u573a\u666f\u548c\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5904\u7406\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u5e93\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u903b\u8f91\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5982OpenPyXL\u6216Pandas\uff0c\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5904\u7406\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u662f\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684<code>dropna()<\/code>\u3001<code>fillna()<\/code>\u548c<code>astype()<\/code>\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Python\u4e2d\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e93\u6700\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e93\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002Pandas\u662f\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u9996\u9009\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\u3002NumPy\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\uff0cOpenPyXL\u548cXlsxWriter\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bfb\u5199Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ece\u5728\u7ebf\u8d44\u6e90\u63d0\u53d6\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u80fd\u591f\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u660e\u7ec6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5229\u7528openpyxl\u6216xlrd\u8fdb\u884cExc [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1077460,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1077455"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1077455"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1077455\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1077462,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1077455\/revisions\/1077462"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1077460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1077455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1077455"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1077455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}