{"id":1088713,"date":"2025-01-08T13:46:51","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T05:46:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1088713.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T13:46:55","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T05:46:55","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8python%e4%b8%ad%e5%bb%ba%e7%ab%8b%e5%a4%9a%e4%b8%aa%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e6%90%81%e6%b5%85-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1088713.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728python\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6401\u6d45"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/24201033\/9dcaa1c3-f906-4026-949a-c0c1348b518d.webp\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728python\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6401\u6d45\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u3002<strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u662fPython\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u521b\u5efa\u72ec\u7acb\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1.1 \u5b89\u88c5\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5<code>virtualenv<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fPython 3.3\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684<code>venv<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install virtualenv<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1.2 \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">mkdir my_project<\/p>\n<p>cd my_project<\/p>\n<p>python -m venv venv<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5728<code>my_project<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a<code>venv<\/code>\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1.3 \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u56e0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u800c\u5f02\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Windows<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">.\\venv\\Scripts\\activate<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>MacOS\u548cLinux<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">source venv\/bin\/activate<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p>\u6fc0\u6d3b\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u524d\u9762\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<code>(venv)<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5df2\u6fc0\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1.4 \u5b89\u88c5\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip<\/code>\u5b89\u88c5\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install requests flask django<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>my_project\/<\/p>\n<p>\u2502<\/p>\n<p>\u251c\u2500\u2500 venv\/                  # \u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/p>\n<p>\u251c\u2500\u2500 my_project\/            # \u9879\u76ee\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 __init__.py<\/p>\n<p>\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 m<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>n.py<\/p>\n<p>\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 module1.py<\/p>\n<p>\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 module2.py<\/p>\n<p>\u2502<\/p>\n<p>\u251c\u2500\u2500 tests\/                 # \u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 test_module1.py<\/p>\n<p>\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 test_module2.py<\/p>\n<p>\u2502<\/p>\n<p>\u251c\u2500\u2500 requirements.txt       # \u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u251c\u2500\u2500 README.md              # \u9879\u76ee\u8bf4\u660e\u6587\u6863<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2.1 \u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<code>my_project<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5185\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2.2 \u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a<code>tests<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2.3 \u521b\u5efa\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip freeze<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a<code>requirements.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip freeze &gt; requirements.txt<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u534f\u4f5c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002Git\u662f\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3.1 \u521d\u59cb\u5316Git\u4ed3\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521d\u59cb\u5316Git\u4ed3\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">git init<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3.2 \u521b\u5efa<code>.gitignore<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a<code>.gitignore<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7eb3\u5165\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u548c\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>venv\/<\/p>\n<p>*.pyc<\/p>\n<p>__pycache__\/<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3.3 \u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u5230Git\u4ed3\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">git add .<\/p>\n<p>git commit -m &quot;Initial commit&quot;<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u624b\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4.1 \u4f7f\u7528Makefile<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Makefile\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a<code>Makefile<\/code>\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-makefile\">install:<\/p>\n<p>    pip install -r requirements.txt<\/p>\n<p>test:<\/p>\n<p>    pytest<\/p>\n<p>run:<\/p>\n<p>    python my_project\/main.py<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4.2 \u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/devops\/52691.html\" target=\"_blank\">CI\/CD<\/a>\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u90e8\u7f72\uff08CI\/CD\uff09\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684CI\/CD\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ecJenkins\u3001Travis CI\u548cGitHub Actions\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4.3 \u4f7f\u7528Docker<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Docker\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u66f4\u52a0\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a<code>Dockerfile<\/code>\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u9879\u76ee\u7684Docker\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM python:3.8-slim<\/p>\n<p>WORKDIR \/app<\/p>\n<p>COPY requirements.txt .<\/p>\n<p>RUN pip install -r requirements.txt<\/p>\n<p>COPY . .<\/p>\n<p>CMD [&quot;python&quot;, &quot;my_project\/main.py&quot;]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/project-management\/23316.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406<\/a>\u548c\u534f\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u534f\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u6309\u65f6\u4ea4\u4ed8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u534f\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>5.1 \u4f7f\u7528\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u5982Jira\u3001Trello\u548cAsana\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u8fdb\u5ea6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u6309\u8ba1\u5212\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>5.2 \u5b9a\u671f\u4ee3\u7801\u8bc4\u5ba1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b9a\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u8bc4\u5ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528GitHub\u7684Pull Request\u529f\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u8bc4\u5ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>5.3 \u6587\u6863\u548c\u6c9f\u901a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6587\u6863\u548c\u6c9f\u901a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6210\u529f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5305\u62ecREADME\u6587\u4ef6\u3001API\u6587\u6863\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u6587\u6863\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u4f1a\u8bae\u548c\u6c9f\u901a\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u516d\u3001\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>6.1 \u9075\u5faa\u7f16\u7801\u89c4\u8303<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9075\u5faa\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002Python\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003PEP 8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>6.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>pylint<\/code>\u548c<code>flake8<\/code>\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684Python\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>6.3 \u5b9a\u671f\u91cd\u6784\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b9a\u671f\u91cd\u6784\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u91cd\u6784\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e03\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\uff08TDD\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\uff08TDD\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5148\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u518d\u7f16\u5199\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>7.1 \u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>unittest<\/code>\u6216<code>pytest<\/code>\u7b49\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>7.2 \u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u672a\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pytest<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u516b\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6539\u8fdb<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6280\u672f\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u6301\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4fdd\u6301\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>8.1 \u53c2\u52a0\u6280\u672f\u4f1a\u8bae\u548c\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u53c2\u52a0\u6280\u672f\u4f1a\u8bae\u548c\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8d8b\u52bf\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u540c\u884c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>8.2 \u9605\u8bfb\u6280\u672f\u4e66\u7c4d\u548c\u535a\u5ba2<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9605\u8bfb\u6280\u672f\u4e66\u7c4d\u548c\u535a\u5ba2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f18\u79c0\u7684Python\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u5982\u300aPython\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u548c\u300a\u6d41\u7545\u7684Python\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>8.3 \u53c2\u4e0e\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u53c2\u4e0e\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u79ef\u7d2f\u5b9e\u6218\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4ea4\u6d41\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u3002<strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\u662f\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u534f\u4f5c\u3001\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\u4ee5\u53ca\u6301\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u4e5f\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5728Python\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2aPython\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u521b\u5efa\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u4e13\u5c5e\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5de5\u5177\u5982<code>venv<\/code>\u548c<code>virtualenv<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u8f7b\u677e\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>requirements.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u95f4\u5feb\u901f\u5207\u6362\u548c\u91cd\u73b0\u9879\u76ee\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4f7f\u7528Git\u8fdb\u884c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2aPython\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Git\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u534f\u4f5c\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u56de\u6eda\u5230\u5148\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528GitHub\u6216GitLab\u7b49\u5e73\u53f0\u6765\u6258\u7ba1\u60a8\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u5206\u652f\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5f00\u53d1\u6216\u4fee\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u64b0\u5199\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u63d0\u4ea4\u4fe1\u606f\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2aPython\u9879\u76ee\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u653e\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5185\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<code>src<\/code>\u3001<code>tests<\/code>\u3001<code>docs<\/code>\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u5206\u79bb\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u671f\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u9879\u76ee\u95f4\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u95f4\u5207\u6362\u65f6\u66f4\u52a0\u987a\u7545\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u591a\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3001\u6587 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1088722,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1088713"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1088713"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1088713\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1088724,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1088713\/revisions\/1088724"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1088722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1088713"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1088713"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1088713"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}