{"id":1088801,"date":"2025-01-08T13:47:38","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T05:47:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1088801.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T13:47:40","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T05:47:40","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%9c%8bpython%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1088801.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u770bpython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u770bpython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"<\/p>\n

\u8981\u67e5\u770bPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5PATH\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u6700\u65b9\u4fbf\u548c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770bPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Python\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u67e5\u770bPython\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

1. Windows\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff08cmd\uff09\u6765\u67e5\u770bPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff08cmd\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770bPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\uff1a\n
    where python<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56dePython\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684Python\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<\/p>\n<\/ol>\n
    2. macOS\u548cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728macOS\u548cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef\uff08Terminal\uff09\u6765\u67e5\u770bPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770bPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\uff1a\n
      which python<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56dePython\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4e0eWindows\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684Python\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<\/p>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
      1. Windows\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u53f3\u952e\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u6b64\u7535\u8111\u201d\u6216\u201c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u201d\u56fe\u6807\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u5c5e\u6027\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. \u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
      3. \u5728\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c5e\u6027\u201d\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u3002<\/li>\n
      4. \u5728\u201c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u201d\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u7528\u6237\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u67e5\u627e\u540d\u4e3aPATH<\/code>\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542bPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5982C:\\Python39<\/code>\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        2. macOS\u548cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728macOS\u548cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7f16\u8f91shell\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n
        2. \u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00shell\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982~\/.bashrc<\/code>\u3001~\/.bash_profile<\/code>\u6216~\/.zshrc<\/code>\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684shell\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528nano<\/code>\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00~\/.bashrc<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\n
          nano ~\/.bashrc<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        3. \u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542bPATH<\/code>\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542bPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0Python\u8def\u5f84\uff1a\n
          export PATH="\/path\/to\/python:$PATH"<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        4. \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\uff1a\n
          source ~\/.bashrc<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Python\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5b89\u88c5\u4fe1\u606f<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
          \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5b89\u88c5\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u6216\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n
          2. \u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u5165Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff1a\n
            python<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          3. \u5728Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770bPython\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\n
            import sys<\/p>\n
            print(sys.executable)<\/p>\n
            print(sys.path)<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            sys.executable<\/code>\u8fd4\u56dePython\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0csys.path<\/code>\u8fd4\u56dePython\u641c\u7d22\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<\/p>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
            \u8bb8\u591a\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Python\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528IDE\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            1. PyCharm<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728PyCharm\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Python\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u6253\u5f00PyCharm\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/li>\n
            2. \u9009\u62e9\u201cFile\u201d\u83dc\u5355\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u201cSettings\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
            3. \u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u201cProject: [project name]\u201d\u4e0b\u7684\u201cPython Interpreter\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
            4. \u5728\u53f3\u4fa7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              2. Visual Studio Code<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
              \u5728Visual Studio Code\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Python\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u6253\u5f00Visual Studio Code\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/li>\n
              2. \u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u9762\u677f\uff08\u5feb\u6377\u952eCtrl+Shift+P<\/code>\u6216Cmd+Shift+P<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
              3. \u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u201cPython: Select Interpreter\u201d\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n
              4. \u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u6240\u9700\u7684Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
                \u5728Python\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff08virtual environment\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u9694\u79bb\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                1. \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
                \u4f7f\u7528venv<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. \u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u6216\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n
                2. \u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a\n
                  python -m venv myenv<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amyenv<\/code>\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/li>\n<\/p>\n<\/ol>\n
                  2. \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  Windows\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u5728Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  myenv\\Scripts\\activate<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  macOS\u548cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u5728macOS\u548cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  source myenv\/bin\/activate<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  3. \u67e5\u770b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  which python<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  import sys<\/p>\n
                  print(sys.executable)<\/p>\n
                  print(sys.path)<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  4. \u9000\u51fa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9000\u51fa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  deactivate<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
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