{"id":1091351,"date":"2025-01-08T14:10:46","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T06:10:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1091351.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T14:10:51","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T06:10:51","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%bb%99%e7%9b%91%e8%80%83%e4%ba%ba%e5%91%98%e9%9a%8f%e6%9c%ba%e6%8e%92%e5%ba%8f-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1091351.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u7ed9\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u7ed9\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\"<\/p>\n

\u8981\u7ed9\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684random\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5bfc\u5165\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u540d\u5355\u3001\u4f7f\u7528random.shuffle\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u540d\u5355\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\uff09\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u540d\u5355
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u540d\u5355\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u59d3\u540d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u540d\u5355\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

invigilators = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "David", "Eve", "Frank"]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528random.shuffle\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f
Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684random\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684shuffle\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import random<\/p>\n
random.shuffle(invigilators)<\/p>\n
print(invigilators)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\uff0cinvigilators\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5c06\u88ab\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u67d0\u4e9b\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u5185\u91cd\u590d\u76d1\u8003\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728shuffle\u524d\u6216\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u67d0\u4e2a\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u6b21\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u573a\u8003\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def ensure_no_repeats(invigilators):<\/p>\n
    while True:<\/p>\n
        random.shuffle(invigilators)<\/p>\n
        if all(invigilators[i] != invigilators[i-1] for i in range(1, len(invigilators))):<\/p>\n
            break<\/p>\n
    return invigilators<\/p>\n
invigilators = ensure_no_repeats(invigilators)<\/p>\n
print(invigilators)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u786e\u4fdd\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136random.shuffle\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528random.choices\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
invigilators = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "David", "Eve", "Frank"]<\/p>\n
weights = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]  # \u6743\u91cd\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u88ab\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u6982\u7387<\/p>\n
invigilators_sorted = random.choices(invigilators, weights=weights, k=len(invigilators))<\/p>\n
print(invigilators_sorted)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6743\u91cd\u8d8a\u9ad8\u7684\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u88ab\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u6982\u7387\u8d8a\u5927\uff0ck\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u603b\u4eba\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u6269\u5c55<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8377\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u504f\u597d\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u5b89\u6392\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class Invigilator:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, name, max_hours):<\/p>\n
        self.name = name<\/p>\n
        self.max_hours = max_hours<\/p>\n
        self.assigned_hours = 0<\/p>\n
invigilators = [<\/p>\n
    Invigilator("Alice", 10),<\/p>\n
    Invigilator("Bob", 8),<\/p>\n
    Invigilator("Charlie", 12),<\/p>\n
    Invigilator("David", 15),<\/p>\n
    Invigilator("Eve", 10),<\/p>\n
    Invigilator("Frank", 8)<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
def assign_invigilators(invigilators, required_hours):<\/p>\n
    schedule = []<\/p>\n
    while required_hours > 0:<\/p>\n
        random.shuffle(invigilators)<\/p>\n
        for invigilator in invigilators:<\/p>\n
            if invigilator.assigned_hours < invigilator.max_hours:<\/p>\n
                invigilator.assigned_hours += 1<\/p>\n
                required_hours -= 1<\/p>\n
                schedule.append(invigilator.name)<\/p>\n
                if required_hours == 0:<\/p>\n
                    break<\/p>\n
    return schedule<\/p>\n
required_hours = 30<\/p>\n
schedule = assign_invigilators(invigilators, required_hours)<\/p>\n
print(schedule)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0f\u65f6\u6570\uff0cassign_invigilators\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0f\u65f6\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5b9e\u73b0\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u6548\u679c\u3002random\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u968f\u673a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u5206\u914d\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u4e3a\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u751f\u6210\u968f\u673a\u987a\u5e8f\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528random\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684shuffle\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u59d3\u540d\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528shuffle\u51fd\u6570\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import random\n\ninvigilators = ["\u5f20\u4e09", "\u674e\u56db", "\u738b\u4e94", "\u8d75\u516d"]\nrandom.shuffle(invigilators)\nprint(invigilators)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\uff0cinvigilators\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u987a\u5e8f\u5c06\u88ab\u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u5bf9\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u539f\u59cb\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8fd8\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6b21\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528shuffle\u90fd\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u5217\u8868\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u6700\u597d\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4e22\u5931\u539f\u59cb\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u6b21\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff1f<\/strong>
\u867d\u7136shuffle\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u968f\u673a\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8c03\u7528shuffle\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528random.seed()\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u90fd\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import random\nimport time\n\nrandom.seed(time.time())\ninvigilators = ["\u5f20\u4e09", "\u674e\u56db", "\u738b\u4e94", "\u8d75\u516d"]\nrandom.shuffle(invigilators)\nprint(invigilators)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5f97\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u8981\u7ed9\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684random\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5bfc\u5165\u76d1\u8003\u4eba\u5458\u540d\u5355\u3001\u4f7f\u7528random […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1091360,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1091351"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1091351"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1091351\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1091361,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1091351\/revisions\/1091361"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1091360"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1091351"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1091351"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1091351"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}