{"id":1097610,"date":"2025-01-08T15:13:31","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T07:13:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1097610.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T15:13:33","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T07:13:33","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8%e4%ba%8c%e7%bb%b4%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1097610.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868<\/strong>\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u662f\u5305\u542b\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5217\u8868<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u77e9\u9635\u6216\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5bf9\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u5217\u8868\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

matrix = [<\/p>\n
    [1, 2, 3],<\/p>\n
    [4, 5, 6],<\/p>\n
    [7, 8, 9]<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a3×3\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u5217\u8868\u4ee3\u8868\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u91cd\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u8868\u793a\u884c\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u8868\u793a\u5217\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
element = matrix[1][2]<\/p>\n
print(element)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a6<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86matrix<\/code>\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
matrix[0][0] = 10<\/p>\n
print(matrix)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [10, 2, 3],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [4, 5, 6],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [7, 8, 9]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06matrix<\/code>\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a10\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5d4c\u5957\u7684for\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
for row in matrix:<\/p>\n
    for element in row:<\/p>\n
        print(element, end=' ')<\/p>\n
    print()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
10 2 3 <\/p>\n
4 5 6 <\/p>\n
7 8 9<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u521b\u5efa\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
n = 3<\/p>\n
matrix = [[i * j for j in range(n)] for i in range(n)]<\/p>\n
print(matrix)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [0, 0, 0],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [0, 1, 2],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [0, 2, 4]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u83b7\u53d6\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u884c\u6570\u548c\u5217\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7f6e\u7684len()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u884c\u6570\u548c\u5217\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
rows = len(matrix)<\/p>\n
cols = len(matrix[0]) if rows > 0 else 0<\/p>\n
print(f'\u884c\u6570\uff1a{rows}, \u5217\u6570\uff1a{cols}')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u884c\u6216\u5217<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u8868\u7684append()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6dfb\u52a0\u884c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u8868\u7684pop()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5220\u9664\u884c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
matrix.append([10, 11, 12])<\/p>\n
print(matrix)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [10, 2, 3],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [4, 5, 6],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [7, 8, 9],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [10, 11, 12]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
matrix.pop(0)<\/p>\n
print(matrix)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [4, 5, 6],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [7, 8, 9],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [10, 11, 12]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u5220\u9664\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
for row in matrix:<\/p>\n
    del row[0]<\/p>\n
print(matrix)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [5, 6],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [8, 9],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [11, 12]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u8f6c\u7f6e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u7f6e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u662f\u5c06\u884c\u548c\u5217\u4e92\u6362\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
transposed = [[row[i] for row in matrix] for i in range(len(matrix[0]))]<\/p>\n
print(transposed)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [5, 8, 11],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [6, 9, 12]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u77e9\u9635\u76f8\u52a0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
matrix1 = [<\/p>\n
    [1, 2, 3],<\/p>\n
    [4, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
matrix2 = [<\/p>\n
    [7, 8, 9],<\/p>\n
    [10, 11, 12]<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
result = [[matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j] for j in range(len(matrix1[0]))] for i in range(len(matrix1))]<\/p>\n
print(result)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
[<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [8, 10, 12],<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [14, 16, 18]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u7ee9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
grades = [<\/p>\n
    ["Alice", 85, 90, 88],<\/p>\n
    ["Bob", 78, 82, 85],<\/p>\n
    ["Charlie", 92, 88, 91]<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u6210\u7ee9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
for student in grades:<\/p>\n
    name = student[0]<\/p>\n
    scores = student[1:]<\/p>\n
    average = sum(scores) \/ len(scores)<\/p>\n
    print(f'{name}\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6210\u7ee9\u662f{average:.2f}')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u662f\u5904\u7406\u77e9\u9635\u548c\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u904d\u5386\u3001\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5904\u7406\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/strong>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u884c\u6570\u548c\u5217\u6570\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u884c\u6216\u5217\u3001\u8f6c\u7f6e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u60a8\u80fd\u591f\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u638c\u63e1Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u65e5\u540e\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u4efb\u52a1\u5960\u5b9a\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b3\u884c\u548c4\u5217\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\uff1a  <\/p>\n
matrix = [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11, 12]]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u884c\u548c\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982matrix[1][2]<\/code>\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de7\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9Python\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\uff1f<\/strong>
\u904d\u5386\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5185\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
for row in matrix:\n    for element in row:\n        print(element)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\uff1f<\/strong>
\u4fee\u6539\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u884c\u548c\u5217\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a  <\/p>\n
matrix[0][1] = 20\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u540e\uff0cmatrix<\/code>\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u53d8\u4e3a[[1, 20, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11, 12]]<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u662f\u5305\u542b\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1097618,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1097610"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1097610"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1097610\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1097621,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1097610\/revisions\/1097621"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1097618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1097610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1097610"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1097610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}