{"id":1098076,"date":"2025-01-08T15:17:53","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T07:17:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1098076.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T15:17:56","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T07:17:56","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%8f%8d%e5%a4%8d%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1098076.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u53cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u53cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Python\u53cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e93\uff08\u4f8b\u5982requests\u5e93\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/strong>\u3001\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\u3001\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u53cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3Python\u7684requests\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u9010\u6b65\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5requests\u5e93\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u53cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5requests\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86requests\u5e93\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install requests<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
print(response.status_code)<\/p>\n
print(response.text)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u53cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u53cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528while\u5faa\u73af\u53cd\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
interval = 5  # \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u79d2\uff09<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
    print(response.status_code)<\/p>\n
    print(response.text)<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(interval)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af\u8bf7\u6c42\u6307\u5b9a\u7684URL\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u6682\u505c5\u79d2\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86time.sleep(interval)<\/code>\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u9891\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
interval = 5  # \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u79d2\uff09<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    try:<\/p>\n
        response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
        response.rAI<\/a>se_for_status()  # \u68c0\u67e5HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f\u5426\u4e3a2xx<\/p>\n
        print(response.status_code)<\/p>\n
        print(response.text)<\/p>\n
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:<\/p>\n
        print(f'\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff1a{e}')<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(interval)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cresponse.raise_for_status()<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e0d\u662f2xx\uff0c\u5c06\u5f15\u53d1HTTPError\u5f02\u5e38\u3002requests.exceptions.RequestException<\/code>\u662f\u6240\u6709requests\u5e93\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u548c\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u6216\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528headers<\/code>\u548cparams<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u548c\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
interval = 5  # \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u79d2\uff09<\/p>\n
headers = {<\/p>\n
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/89.0.4389.82 Safari\/537.36'<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
params = {<\/p>\n
    'q': 'python'<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    try:<\/p>\n
        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params)<\/p>\n
        response.raise_for_status()  # \u68c0\u67e5HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f\u5426\u4e3a2xx<\/p>\n
        print(response.status_code)<\/p>\n
        print(response.text)<\/p>\n
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:<\/p>\n
        print(f'\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff1a{e}')<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(interval)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cheaders<\/code>\u5b57\u5178\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff0cparams<\/code>\u5b57\u5178\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u5c06\u88ab\u9644\u52a0\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Session\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u591a\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u67d0\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u4f8b\u5982cookies\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u7684Session\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002Session\u5bf9\u8c61\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u8de8\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fdd\u6301\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Session\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
interval = 5  # \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u79d2\uff09<\/p>\n
session = requests.Session()<\/p>\n
headers = {<\/p>\n
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/89.0.4389.82 Safari\/537.36'<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    try:<\/p>\n
        response = session.get(url, headers=headers)<\/p>\n
        response.raise_for_status()  # \u68c0\u67e5HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f\u5426\u4e3a2xx<\/p>\n
        print(response.status_code)<\/p>\n
        print(response.text)<\/p>\n
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:<\/p>\n
        print(f'\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff1a{e}')<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(interval)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86requests.Session()<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aSession\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301cookies\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u9650\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u9891\u7387<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u9020\u6210\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u538b\u529b\u6216\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u5c01\u7981\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528time.sleep()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u9891\u7387\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u6bcf\u969410\u79d2\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u6b21\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
interval = 10  # \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u79d2\uff09<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    try:<\/p>\n
        response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
        response.raise_for_status()  # \u68c0\u67e5HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f\u5426\u4e3a2xx<\/p>\n
        print(response.status_code)<\/p>\n
        print(response.text)<\/p>\n
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:<\/p>\n
        print(f'\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff1a{e}')<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(interval)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002requests\u5e93\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
interval = 5  # \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u79d2\uff09<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    try:<\/p>\n
        response = requests.get(url, allow_redirects=True)<\/p>\n
        response.raise_for_status()  # \u68c0\u67e5HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f\u5426\u4e3a2xx<\/p>\n
        print(response.status_code)<\/p>\n
        print(response.url)  # \u6253\u5370\u6700\u7ec8\u7684URL<\/p>\n
        print(response.text)<\/p>\n
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:<\/p>\n
        print(f'\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff1a{e}')<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(interval)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0callow_redirects=True<\/code>\u5141\u8bb8requests\u5e93\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002response.url<\/code>\u5c06\u6253\u5370\u6700\u7ec8\u7684URL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e5d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bf7\u6c42\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002aiohttp<\/code>\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5f02\u6b65HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528aiohttp<\/code>\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import aiohttp<\/p>\n
import asyncio<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
interval = 5  # \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u79d2\uff09<\/p>\n
async def fetch(session, url):<\/p>\n
    async with session.get(url) as response:<\/p>\n
        return await response.text()<\/p>\n
async def main():<\/p>\n
    async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:<\/p>\n
        while True:<\/p>\n
            try:<\/p>\n
                html = await fetch(session, url)<\/p>\n
                print(html)<\/p>\n
            except aiohttp.ClientError as e:<\/p>\n
                print(f'\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff1a{e}')<\/p>\n
            await asyncio.sleep(interval)<\/p>\n
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()<\/p>\n
loop.run_until_complete(main())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528aiohttp<\/code>\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u5f02\u6b65HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002fetch<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\uff0cmain<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5faa\u73af\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
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