{"id":1099119,"date":"2025-01-08T15:27:28","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T07:27:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1099119.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T15:27:31","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T07:27:31","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8python%e5%a4%87%e4%bb%bd%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%a4%b9-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1099119.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u5939"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25063012\/38ba4337-0848-4d93-a667-547ca353ed1e.webp\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> \u5f00\u5934\u6bb5\u843d:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff1a\u5229\u7528shutil\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u5236\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u904d\u5386\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7ed3\u5408tarfile\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u501f\u52a9\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5982boto3\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5229\u7528shutil\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u590d\u5236\u3002shutil\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u590d\u5236\u548c\u5907\u4efd\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u5229\u7528shutil\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u5229\u7528shutil\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5907\u4efd\u662fPython\u4e2d\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002shutil\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528shutil.copytree()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u590d\u5236\u548c\u5907\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import shutil<\/p>\n<p>import os<\/p>\n<p>def backup_folder(source_folder, backup_folder):<\/p>\n<p>    if not os.path.exists(backup_folder):<\/p>\n<p>        os.makedirs(backup_folder)<\/p>\n<p>    shutil.copytree(source_folder, backup_folder)<\/p>\n<p>source_folder = &#39;path\/to\/source\/folder&#39;<\/p>\n<p>backup_folder = &#39;path\/to\/backup\/folder&#39;<\/p>\n<p>backup_folder(source_folder, backup_folder)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u904d\u5386\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<p>os\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u904d\u5386\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408shutil\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u590d\u5236\u548c\u5907\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import os<\/p>\n<p>import shutil<\/p>\n<p>def backup_folder(source_folder, backup_folder):<\/p>\n<p>    if not os.path.exists(backup_folder):<\/p>\n<p>        os.makedirs(backup_folder)<\/p>\n<p>    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(source_folder):<\/p>\n<p>        for file in files:<\/p>\n<p>            source_file = os.path.join(root, file)<\/p>\n<p>            destination_file = os.path.join(backup_folder, os.path.relpath(source_file, source_folder))<\/p>\n<p>            destination_dir = os.path.dirname(destination_file)<\/p>\n<p>            if not os.path.exists(destination_dir):<\/p>\n<p>                os.makedirs(destination_dir)<\/p>\n<p>            shutil.copy2(source_file, destination_file)<\/p>\n<p>source_folder = &#39;path\/to\/source\/folder&#39;<\/p>\n<p>backup_folder = &#39;path\/to\/backup\/folder&#39;<\/p>\n<p>backup_folder(source_folder, backup_folder)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u7ed3\u5408tarfile\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\u5907\u4efd<\/p>\n<p>tarfile\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6tar\u5f52\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528tarfile\u5e93\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u538b\u7f29\u6210\u4e00\u4e2atar\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import tarfile<\/p>\n<p>import os<\/p>\n<p>def backup_folder(source_folder, backup_file):<\/p>\n<p>    with tarfile.open(backup_file, &#39;w:gz&#39;) as tar:<\/p>\n<p>        tar.add(source_folder, arcname=os.path.basename(source_folder))<\/p>\n<p>source_folder = &#39;path\/to\/source\/folder&#39;<\/p>\n<p>backup_file = &#39;path\/to\/backup\/folder.tar.gz&#39;<\/p>\n<p>backup_folder(source_folder, backup_file)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u501f\u52a9\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5982boto3\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8<\/p>\n<p>boto3\u662fAmazon Web Services (AWS) \u7684Python SDK\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528boto3\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5907\u4efd\u5230AWS S3\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e91\u7aef\u5907\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import boto3<\/p>\n<p>import os<\/p>\n<p>def backup_folder_to_s3(source_folder, bucket_name, s3_folder):<\/p>\n<p>    s3 = boto3.client(&#39;s3&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(source_folder):<\/p>\n<p>        for file in files:<\/p>\n<p>            source_file = os.path.join(root, file)<\/p>\n<p>            s3_file = os.path.join(s3_folder, os.path.relpath(source_file, source_folder))<\/p>\n<p>            s3.upload_file(source_file, bucket_name, s3_file)<\/p>\n<p>source_folder = &#39;path\/to\/source\/folder&#39;<\/p>\n<p>bucket_name = &#39;your-s3-bucket-name&#39;<\/p>\n<p>s3_folder = &#39;backup\/folder&#39;<\/p>\n<p>backup_folder_to_s3(source_folder, bucket_name, s3_folder)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408Python\u7684schedule\u5e93\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528schedule\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import schedule<\/p>\n<p>import time<\/p>\n<p>def job():<\/p>\n<p>    backup_folder(&#39;path\/to\/source\/folder&#39;, &#39;path\/to\/backup\/folder&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>schedule.every().day.at(&quot;01:00&quot;).do(job)<\/p>\n<p>while True:<\/p>\n<p>    schedule.run_pending()<\/p>\n<p>    time.sleep(1)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982Linux\u7684cron\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">0 1 * * * \/usr\/bin\/python3 \/path\/to\/your_script.py<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516d\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u76d1\u63a7\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528logging\u5e93\u8bb0\u5f55\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import logging<\/p>\n<p>import shutil<\/p>\n<p>import os<\/p>\n<p>def setup_logging(log_file):<\/p>\n<p>    logging.basicConfig(filename=log_file, level=logging.INFO,<\/p>\n<p>                        format=&#39;%(asctime)s:%(levelname)s:%(message)s&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>def backup_folder(source_folder, backup_folder):<\/p>\n<p>    try:<\/p>\n<p>        if not os.path.exists(backup_folder):<\/p>\n<p>            os.makedirs(backup_folder)<\/p>\n<p>        shutil.copytree(source_folder, backup_folder)<\/p>\n<p>        logging.info(f&#39;Successfully backed up {source_folder} to {backup_folder}&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>    except Exception as e:<\/p>\n<p>        logging.error(f&#39;F<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>led to back up {source_folder} to {backup_folder}: {e}&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>source_folder = &#39;path\/to\/source\/folder&#39;<\/p>\n<p>backup_folder = &#39;path\/to\/backup\/folder&#39;<\/p>\n<p>log_file = &#39;path\/to\/log\/file.log&#39;<\/p>\n<p>setup_logging(log_file)<\/p>\n<p>backup_folder(source_folder, backup_folder)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u672c\u5730\u590d\u5236\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u5f52\u6863\u3001\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0a\u4f20\u7b49\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u548c\u53ef\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5907\u4efd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684<code>shutil<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u5907\u4efd\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import shutil\nimport os\n\nsource = &#39;path_to_your_folder&#39;\ndestination = &#39;path_to_backup_folder&#39;\n\nif not os.path.exists(destination):\n    os.makedirs(destination)\n\nshutil.copytree(source, os.path.join(destination, os.path.basename(source)))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u53ca\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5b8c\u6574\u590d\u5236\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u65f6\uff0c<code>shutil.copytree()<\/code>\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u6709\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528<code>shutil.copy2()<\/code>\u9010\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u5907\u4efd\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u671f\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u811a\u672c\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9a\u671f\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eWindows\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u5212\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u800cLinux\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>cron<\/code>\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002\u5728\u8c03\u5ea6\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u811a\u672c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6bcf\u5929\u3001\u6bcf\u5468\u7b49\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5907\u4efd\u811a\u672c\u5177\u6709\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5907\u4efd\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5f00\u5934\u6bb5\u843d: 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[&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1099130,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1099119"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1099119"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1099119\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1099131,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1099119\/revisions\/1099131"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1099130"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1099119"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1099119"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1099119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}