{"id":1106544,"date":"2025-01-08T16:41:17","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:41:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1106544.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T16:41:19","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:41:19","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8python%e6%89%b9%e9%87%8f%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%a4%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1106544.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u3001pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u548cshutil\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5229\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

os\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002os\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dos.mkdir()\u548cos.makedirs()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528os.mkdir()\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

os.mkdir()\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1FileExistsError\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528os.mkdir()\u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import os<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n
directory = "example_folder"<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    os.mkdir(directory)<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u76ee\u5f55 {directory} \u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
except FileExistsError:<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u76ee\u5f55 {directory} \u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528os.makedirs()\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
os.makedirs()\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528os.makedirs()\u51fd\u6570\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n
directories = ["folder1", "folder2\/subfolder1", "folder3\/subfolder2\/subsubfolder1"]<\/p>\n
for directory in directories:<\/p>\n
    os.makedirs(directory, exist_ok=True)<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u76ee\u5f55 {directory} \u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython 3.4\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u3002pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u7684Path\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from pathlib import Path<\/p>\n
\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n
directories = ["folder1", "folder2\/subfolder1", "folder3\/subfolder2\/subsubfolder1"]<\/p>\n
for directory in directories:<\/p>\n
    path = Path(directory)<\/p>\n
    path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u76ee\u5f55 {directory} \u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
def create_directories(directories):<\/p>\n
    for directory in directories:<\/p>\n
        os.makedirs(directory, exist_ok=True)<\/p>\n
        print(f"\u76ee\u5f55 {directory} \u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
directories = ["folder1", "folder2\/subfolder1", "folder3\/subfolder2\/subsubfolder1"]<\/p>\n
create_directories(directories)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u8def\u5f84\u65e0\u6548\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u5757\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
def create_directories(directories):<\/p>\n
    for directory in directories:<\/p>\n
        try:<\/p>\n
            os.makedirs(directory, exist_ok=True)<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u76ee\u5f55 {directory} \u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
        except OSError as e:<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55 {directory} \u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef: {e}")<\/p>\n
\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
directories = ["folder1", "folder2\/subfolder1", "folder3\/subfolder2\/subsubfolder1"]<\/p>\n
create_directories(directories)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pathlib\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u52a0\u73b0\u4ee3\u548c\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from pathlib import Path<\/p>\n
def create_directories(directories):<\/p>\n
    for directory in directories:<\/p>\n
        path = Path(directory)<\/p>\n
        try:<\/p>\n
            path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u76ee\u5f55 {directory} \u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
        except OSError as e:<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55 {directory} \u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef: {e}")<\/p>\n
\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
directories = ["folder1", "folder2\/subfolder1", "folder3\/subfolder2\/subsubfolder1"]<\/p>\n
create_directories(directories)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u8fd8\u662fpathlib\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u52a0\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5bf9\u672c\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7591\u95ee\u6216\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u7559\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u683c\u5f0f\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u5408\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201cfolder_1\u201d\u3001\u201cfolder_2\u201d\u2026\u2026\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6027\u548c\u6709\u5e8f\u6027\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os.path.exists()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8df3\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6216\u5220\u9664\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u56e0\u5c1d\u8bd5\u521b\u5efa\u91cd\u590d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Python\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff1f<\/strong>
\u9664\u4e86Python\u7684\u5185\u7f6eos<\/code>\u5e93\u5916\uff0cpathlib<\/code>\u5e93\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002pathlib<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Path.mkdir()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6eparents=True<\/code>\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6279\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u3001pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u548cshutil\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5229\u7528o […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1106561,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106544"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1106544"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1106565,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106544\/revisions\/1106565"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1106561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1106544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1106544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1106544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}