{"id":1107330,"date":"2025-01-08T16:48:37","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:48:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1107330.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T16:48:39","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:48:39","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8%e5%9c%a8-py%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1107330.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u5728.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u5728.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u5728.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528import\u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u8be5.py\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684.py\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528import\u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8c03\u7528\u6240\u9700\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8be6\u7ec6\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ca\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u5305\u542b\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684.py\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a.py\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amy_functions.py<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

# my_functions.py<\/p>\n
def greet(name):<\/p>\n
    return f"Hello, {name}!"<\/p>\n
def add(a, b):<\/p>\n
    return a + b<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff1agreet<\/code>\u548cadd<\/code>\u3002greet<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570name<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u5019\u8bed\uff1badd<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53d7\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570a<\/code>\u548cb<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5bfc\u5165.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a.py\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165my_functions.py<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amAI<\/a>n.py<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# main.py<\/p>\n
import my_functions<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u7528greet\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
greeting = my_functions.greet("Alice")<\/p>\n
print(greeting)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aHello, Alice!<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u7528add\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
result = my_functions.add(3, 4)<\/p>\n
print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a7<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728main.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528import my_functions<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86my_functions.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7my_functions.greet<\/code>\u548cmy_functions.add<\/code>\u5206\u522b\u8c03\u7528\u4e86greet<\/code>\u548cadd<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528from … import …\u8bed\u53e5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# main.py<\/p>\n
from my_functions import greet, add<\/p>\n
\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528greet\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
greeting = greet("Bob")<\/p>\n
print(greeting)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aHello, Bob!<\/p>\n
\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528add\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
result = add(10, 5)<\/p>\n
print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a15<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528from my_functions import greet, add<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86greet<\/code>\u548cadd<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u7f00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u907f\u514d\u547d\u540d\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# main.py<\/p>\n
import my_functions as mf<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u8c03\u7528greet\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
greeting = mf.greet("Charlie")<\/p>\n
print(greeting)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aHello, Charlie!<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u8c03\u7528add\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
result = mf.add(7, 3)<\/p>\n
print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a10<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528import my_functions as mf<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u4e3amy_functions<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540dmf<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7mf.greet<\/code>\u548cmf.add<\/code>\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5305\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_project\/<\/p>\n
    __init__.py<\/p>\n
    module1.py<\/p>\n
    module2.py<\/p>\n
    main.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728module1.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# module1.py<\/p>\n
def func1():<\/p>\n
    print("Function 1 in Module 1")<\/p>\n
def func2():<\/p>\n
    print("Function 2 in Module 1")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728module2.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# module2.py<\/p>\n
def func3():<\/p>\n
    print("Function 3 in Module 2")<\/p>\n
def func4():<\/p>\n
    print("Function 4 in Module 2")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728main.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# main.py<\/p>\n
from module1 import func1, func2<\/p>\n
from module2 import func3, func4<\/p>\n
func1()  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aFunction 1 in Module 1<\/p>\n
func2()  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aFunction 2 in Module 1<\/p>\n
func3()  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aFunction 3 in Module 2<\/p>\n
func4()  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aFunction 4 in Module 2<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u5728main.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u5bfc\u5165<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684__import__<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6216importlib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u5bfc\u5165\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# main.py<\/p>\n
module_name = "my_functions"<\/p>\n
module = __import__(module_name)<\/p>\n
greeting = module.greet("David")<\/p>\n
print(greeting)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aHello, David!<\/p>\n
result = module.add(5, 6)<\/p>\n
print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a11<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528importlib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# main.py<\/p>\n
import importlib<\/p>\n
module_name = "my_functions"<\/p>\n
module = importlib.import_module(module_name)<\/p>\n
greeting = module.greet("Eve")<\/p>\n
print(greeting)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aHello, Eve!<\/p>\n
result = module.add(8, 9)<\/p>\n
print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a17<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528__import__<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u548cimportlib.import_module<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86my_functions<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u5728.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\u542b\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684.py\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u6240\u9700\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528from ... import ...<\/code>\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7Python\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5176\u4ed6.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e24\u4e2a.py\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e\u597dPYTHONPATH\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5728\u76ee\u6807.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u5f15\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5982import filename<\/code>\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528filename.function_name()<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e8b\u9879\uff1f<\/strong>
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