{"id":1108100,"date":"2025-01-08T16:56:42","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:56:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1108100.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T16:56:51","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:56:51","slug":"python%e5%ad%97%e7%ac%a6%e4%b8%b2%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%8c%b9%e9%85%8d%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1108100.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5339\u914d\u6570\u5b57"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5339\u914d\u6570\u5b57\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u6570\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08Regular Expressions\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001re\u6a21\u5757\u3001\\d\u5143\u5b57\u7b26<\/strong>\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5339\u914d\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002Python\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86re<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08Regular Expression\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0RegEx\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0cre<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982re.search()<\/code>, re.match()<\/code>, re.findall()<\/code>, re.sub()<\/code>\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528re\u6a21\u5757\u5339\u914d\u6570\u5b57<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u4e2d\u7684re<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5f15\u5165re\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165Python\u7684re<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import re<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528re.search()\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
re.search(pattern, string)<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56deNone<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import re<\/p>\n
text = "The price is 100 dollars"<\/p>\n
pattern = r'\\d+'<\/p>\n
match = re.search(pattern, text)<\/p>\n
if match:<\/p>\n
    print(f"Found a number: {match.group()}")<\/p>\n
else:<\/p>\n
    print("No number found")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cr'\\d+'<\/code>\u662f\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\\d<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c+<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u3002match.group()<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528re.findall()\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
re.findall(pattern, string)<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import re<\/p>\n
text = "There are 3 cats, 4 dogs, and 5 birds"<\/p>\n
pattern = r'\\d+'<\/p>\n
numbers = re.findall(pattern, text)<\/p>\n
print(f"Found numbers: {numbers}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cre.findall()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528re.match()\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
re.match(pattern, string)<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5339\u914d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6ca1\u6709\u5339\u914d\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56deNone<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import re<\/p>\n
text = "1234 is a number"<\/p>\n
pattern = r'\\d+'<\/p>\n
match = re.match(pattern, text)<\/p>\n
if match:<\/p>\n
    print(f"Found a number at the beginning: {match.group()}")<\/p>\n
else:<\/p>\n
    print("No number found at the beginning")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cre.match()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4ec5\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u5339\u914d\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528re.sub()\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
re.sub(pattern, repl, string)<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import re<\/p>\n
text = "There are 3 cats, 4 dogs, and 5 birds"<\/p>\n
pattern = r'\\d+'<\/p>\n
result = re.sub(pattern, "X", text)<\/p>\n
print(f"Replaced text: {result}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cre.sub()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a"X"<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u8bfb\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5339\u914d<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\\d\u5143\u5b57\u7b26<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\\d<\/code>\u662f\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\uff080-9\uff09\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u7b26\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • r'\\d'<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n
  • r'\\d+'<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n
  • r'\\d{2}'<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u6070\u597d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5305\u542b\u5728\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[]<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    • [0-9]<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n
    • [0-9]+<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      import re<\/p>\n
      text = "My phone number is 123-456-7890"<\/p>\n
      pattern = r'[0-9]+'<\/p>\n
      numbers = re.findall(pattern, text)<\/p>\n
      print(f"Found numbers: {numbers}")<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      3\u3001\u5339\u914d\u5e26\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u5b57<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      \u8981\u5339\u914d\u5e26\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u70b9\u5b57\u7b26.<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26<\/code>\u6765\u8868\u793a\u70b9\u5b57\u7b26\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      • r'\\d+\\.\\d+'<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u6574\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u548c\u5c0f\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        import re<\/p>\n
        text = "The price is 99.99 dollars"<\/p>\n
        pattern = r'\\d+\\.\\d+'<\/p>\n
        match = re.search(pattern, text)<\/p>\n
        if match:<\/p>\n
            print(f"Found a decimal number: {match.group()}")<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            print("No decimal number found")<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        4\u3001\u5339\u914d\u8d1f\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
        \u8981\u5339\u914d\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u8d1f\u53f7-<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u95ee\u53f7?<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        • r'-?\\d+'<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u8d1f\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n
        • r'-?\\d+\\.\\d+'<\/code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u5e26\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u8d1f\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          import re<\/p>\n
          text = "The temperature is -5.5 degrees"<\/p>\n
          pattern = r'-?\\d+\\.\\d+'<\/p>\n
          match = re.search(pattern, text)<\/p>\n
          if match:<\/p>\n
              print(f"Found a negative decimal number: {match.group()}")<\/p>\n
          else:<\/p>\n
              print("No negative decimal number found")<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4e09\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
          \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684re<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001re\u6a21\u5757\u3001\\d\u5143\u5b57\u7b26<\/strong>\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u5b57\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6574\u6570\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5c0f\u6570\u548c\u8d1f\u6570\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90fd\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
           \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff1f<\/strong>
          \u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684re<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528re.findall()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cre.findall(r'\\d+', your_string)<\/code>\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u5982\u4f55\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0f\u6570\u6216\u8d1f\u6570\uff1f<\/strong>
          \u8981\u5339\u914d\u5c0f\u6570\u6216\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528r'-?\\d+\\.?\\d*'<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u8d1f\u6570\u548c\u5c0f\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f1a\u5305\u62ec\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u8d1f\u53f7\u548c\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6570\u5b57\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6574\u6570\u6216\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff1f<\/strong>
          \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528int()<\/code>\u6216float()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408re.findall()<\/code>\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
          import re\nnumbers = re.findall(r'\\d+', your_string)\nintegers = [int(num) for num in numbers]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u63d0\u53d6\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6574\u6570\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u6570\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08Regular Expressions\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1108116,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1108100"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1108100"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1108100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1108121,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1108100\/revisions\/1108121"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1108116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1108100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1108100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1108100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}