{"id":1108177,"date":"2025-01-08T16:57:32","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:57:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1108177.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T16:57:34","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:57:34","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%a2%9e%e5%8a%a0%e5%80%bc%e5%af%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1108177.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5982\u4f55\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u5bf9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5982\u4f55\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u5bf9\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u901a\u8fc7update()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7setdefault()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u548c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5e76\u8d4b\u4e88\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u589e\u52a0\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u5b57\u5178\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178my_dict<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7my_dict[new_key] = new_value<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u589e\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u589e\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u5b57\u5178\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
my_dict['city'] = 'New York'<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u65b0\u7684\u952e'city'<\/code>\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c'New York'<\/code>\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u5b57\u5178my_dict<\/code>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u901a\u8fc7update()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u589e\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
update()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
my_dict.update({'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'})<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528update()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9'city': 'New York'<\/code>\u548c'country': 'USA'<\/code>\u5230\u5b57\u5178my_dict<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u901a\u8fc7setdefault()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u589e\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
setdefault()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u952e\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u952e\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u952e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u952e\u7684\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
my_dict.setdefault('city', 'New York')<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528setdefault()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u952e'city'<\/code>\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c'New York'<\/code>\u5230\u5b57\u5178my_dict<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5143\u7ec4\u589e\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5143\u7ec4\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
new_items = [('city', 'New York'), ('country', 'USA')]<\/p>\n
for key, value in new_items:<\/p>\n
    my_dict[key] = value<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5305\u542b\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5217\u8868new_items<\/code>\u4e2d\u9010\u4e2a\u63d0\u53d6\u952e\u548c\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5b57\u5178my_dict<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u589e\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
new_items = {'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'}<\/p>\n
my_dict = {<strong>my_dict, <\/strong>new_items}<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u5c06\u5b57\u5178new_items<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u5b57\u5178my_dict<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u901a\u8fc7collections.defaultdict<\/code>\u589e\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
collections.defaultdict<\/code>\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u8be5\u952e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from collections import defaultdict<\/p>\n
my_dict = defaultdict(int)<\/p>\n
my_dict['name'] = 'Alice'<\/p>\n
my_dict['age'] = 25<\/p>\n
print(my_dict['city'])  # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a0<\/p>\n
my_dict['city'] = 'New York'<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
0<\/p>\n
defaultdict(<class 'int'>, {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'})<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528defaultdict<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5e76\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u901a\u8fc7ChAI<\/a>nMap<\/code>\u589e\u52a0\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
collections.ChainMap<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u4e00\u6837\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from collections import ChainMap<\/p>\n
dict1 = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
dict2 = {'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'}<\/p>\n
combined_dict = ChainMap(dict1, dict2)<\/p>\n
print(combined_dict)<\/p>\n
dict1['gender'] = 'female'<\/p>\n
print(combined_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
ChainMap({'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}, {'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'})<\/p>\n
ChainMap({'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'gender': 'female'}, {'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'})<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528ChainMap<\/code>\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u5e76\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u952e\u503c\u5bf9'gender': 'female'<\/code>\u5230\u5b57\u5178dict1<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u901a\u8fc7\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u901a\u8fc7update()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7setdefault()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5143\u7ec4\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u3001\u901a\u8fc7collections.defaultdict<\/code>\u548c\u901a\u8fc7ChainMap<\/code>\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178my_dict<\/code>\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u952e'key1'<\/code>\u4e0e\u503c'value1'<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528my_dict['key1'] = 'value1'<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u8be5\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong>
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528update()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cmy_dict.update({'key2': 'value2', 'key3': 'value3'})<\/code>\u5c06\u4f1a\u628a'key2'<\/code>\u548c'key3'<\/code>\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u503c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u952e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0cupdate()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u952e\uff1f<\/strong>
\u662f\u7684\uff0cPython\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u952e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u7b49\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_dict = {1: 'one', (2, 3): 'tuple_key'}<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u901a\u8fc7update()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7setdef […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1108180,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1108177"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1108177"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1108177\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1108184,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1108177\/revisions\/1108184"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1108180"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1108177"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1108177"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1108177"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}