{"id":1111403,"date":"2025-01-08T17:28:58","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:28:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1111403.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T17:29:02","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:29:02","slug":"python3%e4%b8%8d%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%87%8a%e6%94%be%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1111403.html","title":{"rendered":"python3\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5982\u4f55\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25073859\/f21e0e54-29d5-4148-9fb0-a37bedb535b9.webp\" alt=\"python3\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5982\u4f55\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528del\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3aNone\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u4f7f\u7528del\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528del\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528del\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528del\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u544a\u8bc9Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba9\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u56de\u6536\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n<p>del x<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cfx\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u5b83\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3aNone<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><p>\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3aNone\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4f1a\u89e3\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u5176\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5141\u8bb8\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u56de\u6536\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n<p>x = None<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cfx\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3aNone\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u89e3\u9664\u5b83\u4e0e\u539f\u59cb\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u56de\u6536\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><p>Python\u7684\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u6536\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528gc\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u624b\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import gc<\/p>\n<p>x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n<p>del x<\/p>\n<p>gc.collect()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u53d8\u91cfx\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624b\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5185\u5b58\u7acb\u5373\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u56db\u3001\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><p>\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u6307\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u76f8\u4e92\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b83\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u56de\u6536\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\uff08weak references\uff09\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import weakref<\/p>\n<p>class MyClass:<\/p>\n<p>    pass<\/p>\n<p>obj1 = MyClass()<\/p>\n<p>obj2 = MyClass()<\/p>\n<p>obj1.ref = weakref.ref(obj2)<\/p>\n<p>obj2.ref = weakref.ref(obj1)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><p>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff08context manager\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5206\u914d\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8d44\u6e90\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">with open(&#39;file.txt&#39;, &#39;r&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    data = file.read()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u516d\u3001\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><p>\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u6574\u6570\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\uff08array\uff09\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5217\u8868\uff08list\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import array<\/p>\n<p>arr = array.array(&#39;i&#39;, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4e03\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><p>\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff08generators\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u60f0\u6027\u6c42\u503c\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def my_generator():<\/p>\n<p>    for i in range(10):<\/p>\n<p>        yield i<\/p>\n<p>gen = my_generator()<\/p>\n<p>for value in gen:<\/p>\n<p>    print(value)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5668my_generator\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u516b\u3001\u907f\u514d\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><p>\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def my_function():<\/p>\n<p>    x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n<p>    # \u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cfx<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cfx\u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4e5d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><p>\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u68c0\u6d4b\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>objgraph\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed8\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f15\u7528\u56fe<\/li>\n<li>memory_profiler\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/li>\n<li>tracemalloc\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5341\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><p>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528del\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3aNone\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u3001\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3001\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5668\u3001\u907f\u514d\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u8ba4Python\u4e2d\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>gc<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u786e\u8ba4\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528<code>gc.collect()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u672a\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u5220\u9664\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Python\u7684\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>Python\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u548c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u964d\u4e3a\u96f6\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u80fd\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528<code>del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u91ca\u653e\u53d8\u91cf\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff1f<\/strong><br \/><code>del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c<code>del variable_name<\/code>\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u79fb\u9664\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u91ca\u653e\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8ePython\u7684\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528del\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3aNone\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1111416,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1111403"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1111403"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1111403\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1111419,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1111403\/revisions\/1111419"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1111416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1111403"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1111403"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1111403"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}